Class 10 Exam > Class 10 Notes > Science Class 10 > Unit Test: Acid, Bases & Salts
Unit Test: Acid, Bases & Salts | Science Class 10 PDF Download
Time: 1 hour
M.M. 30
Attempt all questions.
- Question numbers 1 to 5 carry 1 mark each.
- Question numbers 6 to 8 carry 2 marks each.
- Question numbers 9 to 11 carry 3 marks each.
- Question number 12 & 13 carry 5 marks each
Q1: Which of the following substances is an acid? (1 Mark)
(a) NaOH
(b) HCl
(c) NH3
(d) KOH
Q2: The pH value of a neutral solution is: (1 Mark)
(a) 0
(b) 7
(c) 14
(d) 10
Q3: Which of the following is a natural indicator? (1 Mark)
(a) Phenolphthalein
(b) Litmus
(c) Methyl orange
(d) Universal indicator
Q4: Write the chemical equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal. (1 Mark)
Q5: Name one common substance that can be used to neutralize the excessive acidity in the stomach. (1 Mark)
Q6: Identify the salt and the acid used in the reaction to prepare the salt: Calcium chloride. Write the chemical equation for the reaction. (2 marks)
Q7: A student added a few drops of phenolphthalein to a colourless solution taken in a test tube. The solution turned pink. Predict whether the solution is acidic or basic, and write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that might have occurred. (2 marks)
Q8: What happens when an antacid is taken after overeating? How does it provide relief? (2 marks)
Q9: Explain the process of neutralization. Why is the reaction mixture not acidic or basic at the end point of a neutralization reaction? (3 marks)
Q10: Why should we not touch the chemicals used for tasting or testing their reaction for acidity or basicity? Write the general precautions one should follow while performing a chemistry experiment in the laboratory. (3 marks)
Q11: How can you distinguish between baking powder and washing soda by heating? Write the chemical reactions involved. (3 marks)
Q12: Explain the action of the following:
(i) Lime water on blue litmus paper
(ii) Dilute hydrochloric acid on a piece of blue litmus paper (5 marks)
Q13: Describe the process of the formation of a curd from milk. Write the chemical equation for the reaction that takes place during the curdling of milk. (5 marks)
You can find the solutions of this Unit Test here: Unit Test (Solutions): Acid, Bases & Salts
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FAQs on Unit Test: Acid, Bases & Salts - Science Class 10
| 1. What are the main characteristics of acids and bases? |  |
Ans. Acids are substances that typically taste sour, can conduct electricity when dissolved in water, and turn blue litmus paper red. They release hydrogen ions (H+) in solution. Bases, on the other hand, taste bitter, feel slippery, can also conduct electricity, and turn red litmus paper blue. They produce hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.
| 2. How do you determine the pH level of a solution? | |
Ans. The pH level of a solution can be determined using pH indicators, pH paper, or a pH meter. A pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where values below 7 indicate acidity, 7 indicates neutrality, and values above 7 indicate basicity. To measure pH, you can dip pH paper into the solution, and compare the color change to a pH scale, or use a pH meter for a precise reading.
| 3. What is the difference between strong and weak acids? | |
Ans. Strong acids completely dissociate in water, releasing all of their hydrogen ions, which results in a lower pH. Examples include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Weak acids only partially dissociate in solution, resulting in a higher pH compared to strong acids. Examples of weak acids include acetic acid (CH3COOH) and citric acid.
| 4. What are some common examples of salts and how are they formed? | |
Ans. Salts are formed from the neutralization reaction between an acid and a base. Common examples include sodium chloride (table salt), formed from hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and potassium nitrate, formed from nitric acid (HNO3) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). Salts can be soluble or insoluble in water.
| 5. How do acids and bases react with each other? | |
Ans. Acids and bases undergo a chemical reaction known as neutralization. During this reaction, an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt. For example, when hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), it produces water (H2O) and sodium chloride (NaCl). This reaction typically results in a solution that has a pH closer to neutral.
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