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Components of Robots | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE PDF Download

End Effectors: The Hands of Robots

  • End effectors refer to the components of a robot responsible for interacting with the environment. They can be thought of as the "hands" of a robot.
  • These devices are typically specialized tools or grippers designed to perform specific tasks, such as picking up objects, welding, or painting.
  • End effectors are essential for the robot's ability to carry out various tasks in manufacturing, assembly, and other applications.

Manipulators: The Arms of Robots

  • Manipulators are the structural components that make up the "arms" of a robot.
  • These arms are typically composed of a series of joints and links, allowing the robot to move and position its end effector accurately.
  • The design and configuration of manipulators vary depending on the robot's intended tasks and applications.

Actuators: Robots' Muscles and Joints

  • Actuators can be thought of as the "muscles and joints" of a robot.
  • These are responsible for creating movement in the robot's joints, allowing it to change the position and orientation of its manipulators and end effectors.
  • Common types of actuators include electric motors, hydraulic systems, and pneumatic devices, each offering specific advantages in terms of precision, speed, and force.

Controller: The Brain of the Robot

  • The controller is often considered the "brain" of the robot, as it manages and coordinates all of the robot's actions.
  • It receives input from various sensors and uses algorithms to determine how the robot should move and react to its surroundings.
  • The controller plays a critical role in ensuring that the robot performs tasks accurately and safely.

Sensors: Robot's Senses

  • Sensors are akin to the "senses" of a robot, providing it with data about its environment.
  • These sensors can include cameras, proximity sensors, force sensors, and more.
  • The information gathered by sensors is transmitted to the controller, enabling the robot to make informed decisions and adapt to changes in its surroundings.

In summary, a robot is composed of several key components that work together to perform various tasks. These components include end effectors, which act as the robot's hands; manipulators, which are the robot's arms; actuators, serving as the muscles and joints; the controller, functioning as the robot's brain; and sensors, which act as the robot's senses. Each of these components is vital for the robot's functionality and ability to interact with and manipulate its environment effectively.

The document Components of Robots | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE is a part of the UPSC Course Science & Technology for UPSC CSE.
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