Class 10 Exam > Class 10 Notes > Science Class 10 > Important Equations and Definitions: Chemical Reactions and Equations
Important Equations and Definitions: Chemical Reactions and Equations | Science Class 10 PDF Download
Chemical Equations
A + B → C + D
In this example, A and B are the reactants, which react to form the products C and D.
Here we can see how the number of each atom on the left side is balanced on the right side, as stated by the law of conservation of mass.
Types of Chemical Reactions
1. Combustion Reaction
2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
A combustion reaction is a reaction with a combustible material with an oxidizer to give an oxidized product.
2. Decomposition Reaction
CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂
A Decomposition reaction is a reaction in which a single component breaks down into multiple products.
3. Neutralization Reaction
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
A Neutralization reaction is the reaction between an acid and a base giving salt and water as the products.
4. Redox Reaction
Zn + 2H⁺ → Zn²⁺ + H₂
A REDuction-OXidation reaction is a reaction in which there is a transfer of electrons between chemical species.
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5. Precipitation or Double-Displacement Reaction
AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃
It is a type of displacement reaction in which two compounds react, and their anions and cations switch places forming two new products.
6. Synthesis Reaction
2Na(s) + Cl₂(g) → 2NaCl(s)
A Synthesis reaction is one of the most basic types of reaction wherein multiple simple compounds combine under certain physical conditions giving out a complex product.
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Which type of chemical reaction involves the transfer of electrons between chemical species?View Solution
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Important Points to Remember
- In a chemical change, a new compound is formed but in a physical change, the substance changes its state of existence.
- Atoms or ions or molecules which react to form a new substance are called reactants; the new atoms or molecules formed are products.
- A chemical reaction follows the law of conservation of mass. That is no atom is destroyed or created but only a new product is formed from reactants.
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FAQs on Important Equations and Definitions: Chemical Reactions and Equations - Science Class 10
| 1. What is a chemical equation? |  |
| 2. How do you balance a chemical equation? | |
Ans. To balance a chemical equation, you need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. You can start by adjusting the coefficients of the compounds involved in the reaction. By using the law of conservation of mass, you can determine the correct coefficients to achieve balance.
| 3. What are the types of chemical reactions? | |
Ans. There are several types of chemical reactions, including:
- Combination or synthesis reactions: Two or more substances combine to form a single product.
- Decomposition reactions: A single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
- Displacement or replacement reactions: One element replaces another element in a compound.
- Double displacement reactions: Exchange of ions between two compounds, resulting in the formation of two new compounds.
- Combustion reactions: A substance reacts with oxygen, producing heat and light.
| 4. What is the difference between a chemical equation and a chemical reaction? | |
Ans. A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, while a chemical reaction refers to the process in which substances undergo chemical changes to form new substances. In other words, a chemical reaction is the actual occurrence, while a chemical equation is a way to express that occurrence using symbols and formulas.
| 5. Why is it important to balance a chemical equation? | |
Ans. Balancing a chemical equation is important because it ensures that the law of conservation of mass is followed. This law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, only rearranged. By balancing the equation, we ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides, thus maintaining the integrity of the law.
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