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Transport Chapter Notes | Be an Explorer 5: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets - Class 5 PDF Download

Introduction

  • Definition of Transport: It's a system for carrying people and goods by various means.
  • Origin of Transport: Started with the invention of the wheel, allowing movement beyond walking.

Why We Need Transport

  • Importance: Necessary for carrying people and goods locally and globally.
  • Raw Materials and Goods: Transport helps deliver raw materials to factories and finished goods to markets in India and abroad.

Land Transport


Roadways

  • Types of Roads: Kutcha (hardened mud) and Pucca (metalled) roads.
  • Development: Many kutcha roads are now converted to pucca roads.
  • National Highways: Network of highways and expressways connecting cities and countries.
  • Super Highways: Built for faster and efficient transport.

Railways

  • Introduction: Trains introduced in India in 1853.
  • Indian Railways: Divided into zones for smooth functioning.
  • Longest Train Route: Trans-Siberian Railway (9200 km).
  • Modernization: Steam engines replaced by electric and diesel trains.

Air Transport

  • Introduction of Air Travel: Started in 1930 with Tata Airlines.
  • Modernization: Introduction of computers for reservation.
  • Major Airports in India: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, among others.
  • International Flights: Connect India to various countries.

Waterways

  • Historical Use: People used rafts, canoes, boats, and ships for water travel.
  • Importance: Requires minimal maintenance and is cost-effective.
  • Luxury Liners and Tankers: Used for passenger comfort and transporting goods.
  • Major Ports in India: Mumbai, Kandla, Jawaharlal Nehru Port, Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, and others.

International Sea Routes

  • Suez Canal: Connects Red Sea to Mediterranean, reducing travel distance.
  • Panama Canal: Links Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, shortening travel time.
  • Impact on Trade: Both canals played a crucial role in international trade.

Conclusion

  • Diverse Modes of Transport: Land, air, and water transport are essential for various purposes.
  • Connectivity: Transport links us locally and globally, facilitating trade and travel.
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FAQs on Transport Chapter Notes - Be an Explorer 5: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets - Class 5

1. What is land transport?
Ans. Land transport refers to the movement of people, goods, or materials on the earth's surface using various modes such as roads, railways, and pipelines. It is an essential component of the transportation system and plays a crucial role in connecting different regions and facilitating economic activities.
2. What are the different types of land transport?
Ans. There are several types of land transport, including: - Road transport: This includes vehicles such as cars, buses, trucks, and motorcycles that travel on roads and highways. - Railway transport: It involves the use of trains running on tracks to transport passengers and goods. - Pipeline transport: This method uses pipelines to transport liquids or gases over long distances. - Off-road transport: It includes vehicles designed for off-road use, such as all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and military vehicles. - Human-powered transport: This refers to modes of transport powered by human energy, such as walking, cycling, or using hand carts.
3. What are the advantages of land transport?
Ans. Land transport offers several advantages, including: - Accessibility: Land transport allows for easy access to various locations, especially in areas where other modes of transport may be limited. - Flexibility: Land transport provides flexibility in terms of routes, allowing for customization based on specific requirements. - Cost-effective: Compared to other modes of transport, land transport is often more cost-effective for short to medium distances. - Door-to-door service: Land transport can offer door-to-door service, ensuring goods or passengers are delivered directly to their desired location. - Efficient for certain types of goods: Land transport is suitable for transporting heavy or bulky goods that may be challenging to transport by air or sea.
4. What are the challenges associated with land transport?
Ans. Some challenges associated with land transport include: - Traffic congestion: In urban areas, traffic congestion can lead to delays and inefficiencies in land transport. - Environmental impact: Land transport, particularly vehicles using fossil fuels, contributes to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. - Infrastructure maintenance: Maintaining and expanding road and railway infrastructure requires significant investment and ongoing maintenance. - Limited capacity: Compared to other modes of transport, land transport may have limited capacity, especially for long-distance or large-scale transportation. - Safety concerns: Land transport can be subject to accidents, especially on busy roads or railways, raising safety concerns for both passengers and goods.
5. How does land transport contribute to the economy?
Ans. Land transport plays a vital role in the economy by facilitating trade, supporting industries, and connecting people. It enables the movement of goods from production centers to markets, allowing businesses to access a wider customer base. Additionally, land transport provides employment opportunities in various sectors, such as logistics, manufacturing, and maintenance. Efficient land transport systems also attract investments and stimulate economic growth by reducing transportation costs and improving accessibility to resources and markets.
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