UPSC Exam > UPSC Notes > History for UPSC CSE > Cheat Sheet: Prehistoric Period & Sources of Ancient History
Cheat Sheet: Prehistoric Period & Sources of Ancient History | History for UPSC CSE PDF Download
| Table of contents |
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| Introduction |
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| Literary Sources |
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| Non-Literary Sources |
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| Pre-historic India: Periods |
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| Stone Age |
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| Iron Age |
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| Key Archaeological Discoveries |
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Introduction
History, derived from the Greek word "historia," meaning inquiry, encompasses the study of the past. Pre-historic India, marked by the absence of writing and development, can be classified into five distinct periods: Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic, and Iron Age. To reconstruct this history, various sources, including literary and non-literary, play a crucial role.
Literary Sources
Religious Literature
Sutras
Buddhist Texts
Early Buddhist texts
Jaina Texts
Secular Literature
Sangam Literature
Non-Literary Sources
Inscriptions
Coins
Archaeology
Foreign Accounts
Pre-historic India: Periods
Stone Age
Palaeolithic Age
Mesolithic Period
Neolithic Period
Chalcolithic Age (Stone Copper Age)
Iron Age
Key Archaeological Discoveries
Thus, Pre-historic India unfolds a fascinating narrative through literary and non-literary sources. From the religious and secular literature shaping cultural understanding to inscriptions, coins, archaeology, and foreign accounts providing historical context, the rich tapestry of India's past comes to life. The progression through different periods, from Stone Age to Chalcolithic Age, showcases the evolution of human societies and their cultural, economic, and technological advancements. As we explore the history of pre-historic India, these sources show how strong and clever our ancestors were.
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FAQs on Cheat Sheet: Prehistoric Period & Sources of Ancient History - History for UPSC CSE
| 1. What are the main types of literary sources used to study the Stone Age? |  |
Ans. The main types of literary sources used to study the Stone Age include ancient texts, myths, and oral traditions that provide insight into the lives and cultures of prehistoric peoples. These sources help historians and archaeologists understand social structures, beliefs, and practices of the time.
| 2. How do non-literary sources complement our understanding of the Stone Age? | |
Ans. Non-literary sources, such as archaeological artifacts, cave paintings, and tools, complement our understanding of the Stone Age by providing tangible evidence of human activity. They offer insights into technology, daily life, and artistic expression, which are not always captured in literary sources.
| 3. What is the significance of studying the Stone Age in ancient history? | |
Ans. Studying the Stone Age is significant in ancient history because it marks the beginning of human civilization. It provides crucial information about the development of tools, social structures, and cultural practices, which laid the foundation for future societies.
| 4. What are some examples of archaeological findings from the Stone Age? | |
Ans. Examples of archaeological findings from the Stone Age include stone tools, bone artifacts, pottery, and cave paintings. These findings help researchers reconstruct the environment and lifestyle of early humans, shedding light on their survival strategies and artistic expression.
| 5. How do historians determine the age of artifacts from the Stone Age? | |
Ans. Historians determine the age of artifacts from the Stone Age using methods such as radiocarbon dating, stratigraphy, and thermoluminescence. These techniques allow researchers to estimate the age of organic materials and artifacts, helping to create a timeline of prehistoric human activity.
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