Ringworm Infection of Cattle | Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science Optional for UPSC PDF Download

Ringworm Infection in Cattle

Ringworm infection is a common issue in cattle, particularly prevalent during winter when high humidity promotes the growth of the fungus. The disease primarily affects young cattle and can be transmitted between animals and humans. The causative agent of ringworm in cattle is a fungus called Trichophyton species, with studies suggesting that 80% of human cases may originate from animals.

Symptoms and Effects

Common symptoms include scaliness, hair loss, and the formation of thick scabs on the skin. Initially, a small area of raised hair is observed, which later falls off, leaving behind bare, scaly skin that gradually spreads to other parts of the body. Infected animals may experience reduced milk yield, weight loss, and skin quality issues affecting the price of their hide.

Transmission and Spread

Ringworm outbreaks are more common among calves when they are in close proximity in a shed, facilitating the spread of the disease. Direct contact with infected animals or contaminated surfaces like bedding and harnesses can also contribute to the transmission of the fungus.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis involves examining skin scrapings for the presence of the fungus. Treatment options include the application of weak iodine solutions, ointments like white field's ointment, ammoniated mercury oil, and solutions of quaternary ammonium compounds. Hexetidine has also shown effectiveness in controlling the infection. Treatment may involve intravenous injection of sodium iodide and oral administration of griseofulvin for a specified duration.

Preventive Measures

Calves should be kept away from older and infected animals to prevent the spread of the infection. Shelters and sheds should be maintained and cleaned regularly to reduce the risk of contamination. Disinfectants should be used to spray sheds to eliminate any lingering fungal spores.