Plants Chapter Notes | EVS for Class 2 PDF Download

Introduction

Plants and Trees

Plants are living things that grow in the soil.

• You can find plants everywhere: in gardens, parks, farms, and even on windowsills at home or school.
• Plants come in different sizes. Some are very tall, like big trees, and some are very small, like tiny herbs.

Types of Plants

1. Trees

• Trees are the tallest and strongest plants.
  
• They have a thick, hard stem called a trunk that holds the tree up straight.
• Trees have many branches and leaves.
• Trees are very important because they give us shade, fresh air, and fruits.

Different trees look different:

• The banyan tree has a big, thick trunk and strong roots that grow above the ground.
• The pine tree has a tall, thin trunk and cone-shaped leaves called needles.

2. Shrubs

Shrubs

• Shrubs are smaller than trees but bigger than herbs.
• They have hard stems but are not as tall as trees.
• Shrubs look like bushes and usually have many branches close to the ground.
• Examples of shrubs are the rose plant which has beautiful flowers, and the cotton plant which gives us cotton to make clothes.

3. Herbs

Herbs

• Herbs are small plants with soft, green, and bendable stems.
• Their stems are easy to break if you try.
• Herbs usually live for a short time, like one season or one year.
• Examples include tomato plants that give us tomatoes, and coriander plants which we use to add flavor to our food.

4. Climbers

Climbing Plants

• Climbers are special plants that have weak stems.
• They cannot stand straight on their own.
• They climb on walls, trees, or fences by holding on with their tendrils or stems.
• Some climbers spread on the ground too.
• An example is the money plant which often climbs on walls or sticks.

Plants That Give Us Food

Vegetables

Vegetables

• Many plants give us vegetables that we eat every day.
• Vegetables grow in different parts of plants like roots, stems, or leaves.

• Examples:

  • Potatoes grow underground as roots.

  • Onions also grow underground.

  • Brinjals (eggplants) grow above the ground on plants.

• Potatoes grow underground as roots.

• Onions also grow underground.

• Brinjals (eggplants) grow above the ground on plants.

Grains

Grains

• Grains are seeds from plants that we use to make our daily food like bread and rice.

• Some common grains are:

  • Rice. grown in wet fields called paddies.

  • Wheat. used to make flour for roti, bread, and cakes.

  • Pulses (dal). small seeds like lentils and beans that are full of protein.

• Rice. grown in wet fields called paddies.

• Wheat. used to make flour for roti, bread, and cakes.

• Pulses (dal). small seeds like lentils and beans that are full of protein.

Fruits

• Fruits grow from flowers on plants or trees.

• They are usually sweet and juicy and are good for our health.

• Examples of fruits are:

  • Apples. grow on apple trees.

  • Bananas. grow on banana plants.

  • Watermelons. grow on vines on the ground.

  • Pineapples. grow from the center of a spiky plant.

• Apples. grow on apple trees.

• Bananas. grow on banana plants.

• Watermelons. grow on vines on the ground.

• Pineapples. grow from the center of a spiky plant.

Why Are Plants Important?

Essential Plant Benefits

• Plants give us food to eat every day.

• They give us fresh air to breathe by making oxygen.

• Plants help keep the soil healthy and stop it from washing away.

• Many animals live in plants or use them for food and shelter.

• We also get medicines, clothes (like cotton), and wood from plants.