Textbook Solutions: How Do State Governments Work? | Footprints Class 7: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets PDF Download

Based on your understanding, Choose the correct option.

Q1.
Ans: (a) union of states
Our Constitution explicitly describes India as a "Union of States," indicating a federal structure comprising various states.

Q2.
Ans: (a) Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council
The state legislature usually consists of two parts (in a bicameral setup): the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) and the Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad).

Q3.
Ans: (b) the daily administration of the state
The executive branch, including the Governor, Chief Minister, and Council of Ministers, is responsible for the daily administration and execution of state laws.

Q4.
Ans: (b) Governor
The executive power of a state is formally vested in the Governor, even though the actual administration is carried out by the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers.

Q5.
Ans: (b) lower house of the state legislature
The Vidhan Sabha, or Legislative Assembly, is the lower house of the state legislature in a bicameral setup.

Q6.
Ans: a. presides over the house and conducts its proceedings
The Speaker of the Legislative Assembly presides over the house, conducts its proceedings, and maintains order during debates.

Q7.
Ans: a. Governor
The Governor appoints the Chief Minister, usually the leader of the majority party in the State Assembly.

Q8.
Ans: (c) four
There are typically three categories of ministers (Ministers of State, Cabinet Ministers, Deputy Ministers), but the question seems to be referencing an incorrect option as "four." For class 7 level, it's important to note the three main categories.

Q9.
Ans: (c) bicameral legislatures
A bicameral legislature consists of two houses: the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) and the Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad).

Q10.
Ans: (b) both houses of the legislature
An ordinary bill needs to be passed by both houses of the legislature (if the legislature is bicameral) and then receive assent from the Governor to become law.

Answer the following in one sentence.

Q1.
Ans: Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.

Q2.
Ans: A bicameral state legislature consists of the Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad. Two states with bicameral legislatures are Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra.

Q3.
Ans: Members of the Legislative Assembly are called MLAs (Members of the Legislative Assembly).

Q4.
Ans: The Legislative Council is called a permanent house because it cannot be dissolved, and its members serve staggered terms, with one-third of its members retiring every two years.

Q5.
Ans: The Speaker presides over the Vidhan Sabha, and the Chairperson presides over the Vidhan Parishad.

Answer the following questions in brief.

Q1.
Ans: India is called a quasi-federal government because it combines the features of a federal system, where states have certain powers and autonomy, with a strong central government that retains significant control over national matters. The states have autonomy to manage their affairs; however, the central authority can override state decisions in matters of national importance.

Q2.
Ans:  The main components of the state government are the Executive, Legislature, and Judiciary.
Flow Chart:

• State Government
• Executive (Governor, Chief Minister, Council of Ministers)
• Legislature (Legislative Assembly, Legislative Council)
• Judiciary (High Court)

Q3.
Ans: The Governor is the nominal executive head of a state, appointed by the President of India. Qualifications include being a citizen of India, at least 35 years of age, and not holding any office of profit under the government.

Q4.
Ans: The two houses are the Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) and the Vidhan Parishad (Legislative Council). The Vidhan Sabha is the lower house, directly elected by the people, and responsible for making laws on state matters. The Vidhan Parishad is the upper house, with members elected by various groups like MLAs, local authority members, teachers, and graduates, serving as a reviewing chamber with limited legislative powers.

Q5.
Ans: A money bill is introduced only in the Legislative Assembly and, after being passed by the Assembly, is sent to the Legislative Council, which must return it with recommendations within 14 days. The Assembly may accept or reject these recommendations. Finally, the bill is sent to the Governor for assent.

Answer the following questions in detail.

Q1.
Ans: The Governor's powers and functions include:

• Executive Powers: Appointing the Chief Minister and other ministers.
• Legislative Powers: Summoning, proroguing, and dissolving the state legislature; assenting to bills passed by the legislature; and issuing ordinances when the legislature is not in session.
• Judicial Powers: Granting pardons, reprieves, respites, or remissions of punishment under certain circumstances.
• Discretionary Powers: Using discretion in appointing the Chief Minister or in reporting to the President if the government cannot be carried on in accordance with the Constitution.

Q2.
Ans: The Council of Ministers is a body of ministers appointed by the Governor on the recommendation of the Chief Minister. It includes the Cabinet Ministers, Ministers of State, and Deputy Ministers, responsible for running the various departments of the state government. Functions include formulating policies, implementing laws, and assisting the Chief Minister in governance and administrative duties. The Council is collectively responsible to the state legislature for its actions.

Q3.
Ans: The Chief Minister's main functions include leading the state government, deciding the composition of the Council of Ministers, directing government policies, coordinating the activities of various departments, and maintaining liaison between the state and central government. The Chief Minister also plays a crucial role in the legislative process and represents the state in public and official functions.

Q4.
Ans: The Speaker of the Legislative Assembly plays a critical role in managing the proceedings of the house. Responsibilities include maintaining order during debates, deciding on the admissibility of motions and questions, and ensuring the discipline and decorum of the house. The Speaker also has the authority to interpret the rules of procedure of the house and has the final say in all procedural matters.

Q5.
Ans: An ordinary bill pertains to any matter other than financial subjects and can be introduced in either house of the state legislature. It requires approval by both houses and the Governor's assent to become law. A money bill, on the other hand, deals exclusively with financial matters such as taxation, public expenditure, etc., and can only be introduced in the Legislative Assembly. The Legislative Council can suggest amendments but cannot reject or amend it on its own.