Coding and Decoding and Blood Relation - Previous Year Questions | Mathematical Reasoning and Aptitude for UGC NET PDF Download

Q1: If in a certain code ‘Generalization’ is written as 52627134819406, how the word ‘Oreganos’ be written in that code?  (June 2023)
(a) 07521680
(b) 07251608
(c) 07251806
(d) 72085106
Ans: (b)
Sol: G = 5 E = 2
N = 6 E = 2
R = 7 A = 1
L = 3 I = 4
Z = 8 A = 1
T = 9 I = 4
O = 0 N = 6
Hence, OREGANOS = 07251608

Q2: In a certain coding language:     (March 2023)
1. ‘odo pado fao’ means ‘order packed food’
2. ‘pado fao sa digo’ means ‘packed food is good’
3. ‘digo yao mao’ means ‘good young man’
4. ‘Yao mao sa sito’ means ‘young man is strong’
Which of the following means ‘order’ and ‘strong’, respectively in that language?
(a) ‘yao’ and ‘mao’
(b) ‘digo’ and ‘mao’
(c) ‘pado’ and ‘sito’
(d) ‘odo’ and ‘sito’
Ans: (d)
Sol:

1. odo pado fao = order packed food
2. Pado fao sa digo = packed food is good By comparing both code 1 and 2, Common code word - pado fao Common word = packed food
   Hence, = pado fao = packed food
3. Digo yao mao = good young man By comparing codes 2 and 3, Digo = good 
4. Yao mao sa sito = young man is strong.

   By comparing codes 3 and 4, Yao = young.
   By comparing all the codes, Order = odo
   As in the first code, pado fao = packed food.
   Hence, order = odo
   Strong = sito

Q3: Vinod’s mother-in-law is the mother of Amit’s mother-in-law. How is Vinod related to Amit?    (November 2020)
(a) Vinod is brother of Amit
(b) Vinod is father of Amit
(c) Vinod is uncle of Amit
(d) Vinod is father-in-law of Amit
Ans: (d)
Sol: Vinod’s mother-in-law will be the mother of his wife. Vinod’s wife is the mother-in-law of Amit. Hence, Vinod is the father-in-law of Amit.

Q4: In a certain code, FISH is written as EHRG. The code for JUNGLE will be     (November 2020)
(a) ITNFKD
(b) KVOHMF
(c) ITMFKD
(d) TIMFKD
Ans: (c)
Sol: FISH is written as EHRG. The coding is done backwards i.e., E-F, H-I, R-S, G-H. So, JUNGLE will be written as ITMFKD.

Q5: If A is directly proportional to B; B is inversely proportional to C and C is directly proportional to D, then      (December 2019)
1. A is inversely proportional to D
2. A is directly proportional to D
3. A is directly proportional to C
4. A is inversely proportional to C
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 only
(d) 3 and 4
Ans: (a)
Sol: A is directly proportional to B
B is inversely proportional to C
C is directly proportional to D
This means that, A and B both are inversely proportional to C
And, since C and D are directly proportional,
so A and B are inversely proportional to C and D.

Q6: B is the only daughter of the Maternal grandmother of A. How is A related to B?      (December 2019)
(a) Sister
(b) Daughter
(c) Cousin
(d) Mother
Ans: (d)
Sol: Adjust graph (skiped) as provided:
Maternal grandmother of A will be mother of B. Since B is the only daughter, hence she is the mother of A.

Q7: In a certain code “CREDIT” is written as “EPGBKR” and in the same code, “DEBIT” will be written as       (December 2019)
(a) FDCGV
(b) FGCDV
(c) FCDGV
(d) FCDVG
Ans: (c)
Sol:

CREDIT is written as EPGBKR. One alphabet is an alternate letter in forward flow and then next is an alternate letter in reverse flow. Like C D E and then R Q P. This is the format for the word.

Q8: In a certain code, LIFE is written as KMHJEGDF. How is WORD written in that code?     (December 2018)
(a) XVPNSQEC
(b) VXNPQSEC
(c) XVPNSQCE
(d) VXNPQSCE
Ans: (d)
Sol: For coding, the one prior and next alphabet of each alphabet is written. Like K L M, H I J, etc. Hence, WORD will be coded as VXNPQSCE.

Q9: If VARANASI is coded as WCUESGZQ, then the code of KOLKATA will be:    (July 2018)
(a) LOQOZEH
(b) HLZEOOQ
(c) ZELHOQO
(d) LQOOFZH
Ans: (d)
Sol: The alphabets are coded with the gaps of sequence of number series.
V 0 W
A 1 C
R 2 U
A 3 E
Hence, KOLKATA will be LQOOFZH.

Q10: Introducing Rakesh to her husband, a woman said, “His brother’s father is the only son of my grandfather”. The woman is related to Rakesh as:     (July 2018)
(a) Aunt
(b) Mother
(c) Sister
(d) Daughter
Ans: (c)
Sol: Brother of Rakesh will be the brother of the Women too. As their father is the only son of her grandfather. 

Q11: If COVALENT is coded as BWPDUOFM. The code of ELEPHANT will be:    (November 2017)
(a) MFUIQRTW
(b) QMUBIADH
(c) QFMFUOBI
(d) EPHNTEAS
Ans: (c)
Sol: COVALENT is coded as BWPDUOFM.
If we break COVA-LENT and BWPD-UOFM in two parts, it can be noted that these parts are related when the parts of the second alphabet are flipped.
COVA-DPWB
LENT-MFOU
The alphabets are in sequences, like CD, OP, VW, AB, LM, EF, NO, TU.
Hence, ELEPHANT will be QFMFUOBI.

Q12: Ajay is a friend of Rakesh. Pointing to an old man Ajay asked Rakesh who he is? Rakesh said “His son is my son’s uncle”. The old man is related to Rakesh as:    (November 2017)
(a) Grandfather
(b) Father-in-law
(c) Father
(d) Uncle
Ans: (c)
Sol: Uncle of Rakesh’s son will be Rakesh’s brother. Hence, his father will be Rakesh’s father. 

Q13: If A is coded as C, M as I, N as P, S as O, I as A, P as N, E as M, O as E and C as S, then the code of COMPANIES will be    (January 2017)
(a) SPEINMOAC
(b) NCPSEIOMA
(c) SMOPIEACN
(d) SEINCPAMO
Ans: (d)
Sol: C is coded as S
O is coded as E
M is coded as I
P is coded as N
A is coded as C
N is coded as P
I is coded as A
E is coded as M
S is coded as O
Hence, COMPANIES will be coded as SEINCPAMO.

Q14: A is sister of B. F is daughter of G. C is mother of B. D is father of C. E is mother of D. A is related to D as    (June 2016)
(a) Grand daughter
(b) Daughter
(c) Daughter-in-law
(d) Sister
Ans: (a)
Sol: E is the mother of D.
D is the father of C.
C is the mother of B.
B is the sibling of A.
Hence, A is the daughter of C and grand-daughter of D.

Q15: A party was held in which a grandmother, father, mother, four sons, their wives and one son and two daughters to each of the sons were present. The number of females present in the party is:    (December 2015)
(a) 12
(b) 14
(c) 18
(d) 24
Ans: (b)
Sol:  Total number of females = 1 mother + 4 wives + 1 grandmother + eight daughters.
Total number of females = 14

Q16: P and Q are brothers. R and S are sisters. The son of P is brother of S. Q is related to R as:    (December 2015)
(a) Son
(b) Brother
(c) Uncle
(d) Father
Ans: (c)
Sol: Since the son of P is the brother of S, hence P is the father of R and S.
P and Q are brothers.
So, Q is the uncle of R.

Q17: A girl introduced a boy as the son of the daughter of the father of her uncle. The boy is related to the girl as:    (June 2015)
(a) Brother
(b) Uncle
(c) Nephew
(d) Son
Ans: (a)
Sol: 

Q18: If STREAMERS is coded as UVTGALDQR, then KNOWLEDGE will be coded as    (December 2010)
(a) MQPYLCDFD
(b) MPQYLDCFD
(c) PMYQLDFCD
(d) YMQPLDDFC
Ans: (b)
Sol: The given code follows the following rule,

Q19: A is brother of B. B is the brother of C. C is the husband of D. E is the father of A. D is related to E as     (December 2010)
(a) Daughter
(b) Daughter-in-law
(c) Sister-in-law
(d) Sister
Ans: (b)
Sol: By making family tree according to given information,

Here, superscript M and F denote the gender male and female respectively. Straight line shows the sibling relation and “ : ” shows husband wife relation. So, from this tree diagram, we can infer that D is the daughter-in law of E. So answer is option (B).

Q20: In certain code TEACHER is written as VGCEJGT. The code of CHILDREN will be     (December 2013)
(a) EKNJFTGP
(b) EJKNFTGP
(c) KNJFGTP
(d) None of these
Ans: (b)
Sol: Code is given by adding 2 for the place of every alphabet.
T + 2: V
E + 2: G
A + 2: C
C + 2: E
G + 2: J
E + 2: G
R + 2: T
Similarly, C + 2: E
H + 2: J
I + 2: K
L + 2: N
D + 2: F
R + 2: T
E + 2: G
N + 2: P

Q21: A man pointing to a lady said, “The son of her only brother is the brother of my wife”. The lady is related to the man as      (December 2013)
(a) Mother’s sister
(b) Grandmother
(c) Mother-in-law
(d) Sister of Father-in-law
Ans: (d)
Sol:

Q22: In certain code HEALTH is written as KHDOWK. The code of NORTH will be    (September 2013)
(a) QRUWK
(b) RQWUK
(c) RWQUK
(d) RWUKQ
Ans: (a)
Sol: The series is formed by adding 3 in the position of the respective alphabet. This is: H + 3 = K
E + 3 = H
A + 3 = D
L + 3 = O
T + 3 = W
H + 3 = K
Similarly, N + 3 = Q
O + 3 = R
R + 3 = U
T + 3 = W
H + 3 = K

Q23: Yadav, Arjun, Rajesh, and Kamal play cricket. Rajesh and Kamal play tennis but do not play football. Yadav does not play Badminton but plays golf. Arjun does not play tennis. Kamal sometimes plays Badminton. Who plays only cricket?    (September 2013)
(a) Yadav
(b) Arjun
(c) Rajesh
(d) Kamal
Ans: (b)
Sol:

Q24: Given below are some codes of arrangements of three items in order of wider scope. Select the correct code.     (September 2013)
(a) Garments, cloth and shirts
(b) Cloth, garments and shirts
(c) Shirts, garments and cloth
(d) Garments, shirts and cloth
Ans: (b)
Sol: According to the scope.
Shirts are a type of garment and garments are made up of clothes.

Q25: In a certain code GALIB is represented by HBMJC. TIGER will be represented by    (June 2013)
(a) UJHFS
(b) UHJSF
(c) JHUSF
(d) HUJSF
Ans: (a)
Sol:
G + 1 = H
A + 1 = B
L + 1 = M
I + 1 = J
B + 1 = C
Same as above, the code will be:
T + 1 = U
I + 1 = J
G + 1 = H
E + 1 = F
R + 1 = S

Q26: P is the father of R and S is the son of Q and T is the brother of P. If R is the sister of S, how is Q related to T?    (June 2013)
(a) Wife
(b) Sister-in-law
(c) Brother-in-law
(d) Daughter-in-law
Ans: (b)
Sol:

Q27: If MOHAN is represented by the code KMFYL, then COUNT will be represented by    (December 2012)
(a) AMSLR
(b) MSLAR
(c) MASRL
(d) SAMLR
Ans: (a)
Sol: The code is given by writing the alphabet on position of -2 Here
M – 2 = K
O – 2 = M
H – 2 = F
A – 2 = Y
N – 2 = L
Similarly:-
C – 2 = A
O – 2 = M
U – 2 = S
N – 2 = L
T – 2 = R

Q28: Let a means minus (–), b means multiplied by (×), C means divided by (÷) and D means plus (+). The value of 90 D 9 a 29 C 10 b 2 is    (December 2012)
(a) 8
(b) 10
(c) 12
(d) 14
Ans: (d)
Sol:
90 + 9 – 29 ÷ 10 × 2
99 – 29 ÷ 10 × 2
70 ÷ 10 × 2
7 × 2
14

Q29: Given that in a code language, ‘645’ means ‘day is warm’; ‘42’ means ‘warm spring’ and ‘634’ means ‘spring is sunny’; which digit represents ‘sunny’ ?     (June 2012)
(a) 3 
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 5
Ans: (a)
Sol: Statement 1- 645- day is warm
Statement 2- 42- warm spring
By comparing statement 1 and 2
Common number is 4 and common word is warm
Hence, 4 = warm
Statement 3- 634- spring is sunny
By comparing statement 1 and 3
Common number = 6
Common word = is
Hence, 6 = is, and 3 = sunny 

Q30: If ‘367’ means ‘I am happy’; ‘748’ means ‘you are sad’ and ‘469’ means ‘happy and sad’ in a given code, then which of the following represents ‘and’ in that code ?     (December 2011)
(a) 3
(b) 6
(c) 9
(d) 4
Ans: (c)
Sol: 367 = I am happy
748 = You are sad
469 = Happy and sad
By comparing the first and third code:-
The common number is 6 and the common word is happy. Thus, 6 = happy
By comparing the second and third code:-
The common number is 4 and the common word is sad. Thus, 4 = sad
Hence, in the third code number 9 is left for the word “and”. 

31. The relation ‘is a sister of ’ is     (December 2011)
(a) non-symmetrical
(b) symmetrical
(c) asymmetrical
(d) transitive
Ans: (d)
Sol: The relations which are connected with any other example or have a connection with any other person or things, are called transitive relations.
Symmetric relations are said as it is. For example, The shape of a pen is the same as a pencil.

Q32: Determine the relationship between the pair of words NUMERATOR : DENOMINATOR and then select the pair of words from the following which have a similar relationship:    (June 2011)
(a) fraction : decimal
(b) divisor : quotient
(c) top : bottom
(d) dividend : divisor
Ans: (d)
Sol: Numerator and denominator is written in fraction or in the form of dividend and divisor.

Q33: If HOBBY is coded as IOBY and LOBBY is coded as MOBY; then BOBBY is coded as    (June 2011)
(a) BOBY
(b) COBY
(c) DOBY
(d) OOBY
Ans: (b)
Sol: First letter is replaced with the next letter and O is skipped.
HOBBY - H is replaced with I and O is skipped so it is coded as IOBY.

Q34: If A = 5, B = 6, C = 7, D = 8 and so on, what do the following numbers stand for ?      (June 2011)
17, 19, 20, 9, 8
(a) Plane
(b) Moped
(c) Motor
(d) Tonga
Ans: (b)
Sol: Letters are given their number of positions in the alphabet with adding 4
A = 1 + 4 = 5
B = 2 + 4 = 6
Like this,
17 = 17 – 4 = 13
13th alphabet = M
19 = 19 – 4 = 15
15th alphabet = O
20 = 20 – 4 = 16
16th alphabet = P
By this pattern given numbers will make the word Moped

Q35: If a rectangle were called a circle, a circle a point, a point a triangle and a triangle a square, the shape of a wheel is     (June 2011)
(a) Rectangle
(b) Circle
(c) Point
(d) Triangle
Ans: (c)
Sol: The shape of the wheel is a circle but in the given code circle is called point. Hence, the shape of the wheel in this coding will be point.

Q36: Determine the relationship between the pair of words ALWAYS : NEVER and then select from the following pair of words which have a similar relationship:     (December 2010)
(a) often : rarely
(b) frequently : occasionally
(c) constantly : frequently
(d) intermittently : casually
Ans: (a)
Sol: Most appropriate similar relationship words are often and occasionally.

Q37: In a certain code, PAN is written as 31 and PAR as 35, then PAT is written in the same code as     (December 2010
(a) 30
(b) 37
(c) 39
(d) 41
Ans: (b)
Sol: The code is given by adding the position number of the alphabet.
PAN = 16 + 1 + 14 = 31
PAR = 16 + 1 + 18 = 35
PAT = 16 + 1 + 20 = 37

Q38: The letters in the first set have a certain relationship. On the basis of this relationship, make the right choice for the second set : AF : IK : : LQ : ?     (December 2010)
(a) MO
(b) NP
(c) OR
(d) TV
Ans: (d)
Sol:

Q39: If 5472 = 9, 6342 = 6, 7584 = 6, what is 9236 ?      (December 2010)
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Ans: (a)
Sol: 5 + 4 + 7 + 2 = 18, 1 + 8 = 9
6 + 3 + 4 + 2 = 15, 1 + 5 = 6
7 + 5 + 8 + 4 = 24, 2 + 4 = 6
9 + 2 + 3 + 6 = 20, 2 + 0 = 2

Q40: If water is called food, food is called tree, tree is called earth, earth is called world, which of the following grows a fruit ?     (June 2010)
(a) Water
(b) Tree
(c) World
(d) Earth
Ans: (d)
Sol: Fruit grow on ‘tree’ and ‘tree’ is called ‘earth’ So, fruit grow on ‘earth’

Q41: E is the son of A, D is the son of B, E is married to C, C is the daughter of B. How is D related to E ?     (June 2010)
(a) Brother
(b) Uncle
(c) Father-in-law
(d) Brother-in-law
Ans: (d)
Sol:

Q42: If INSURANCE is coded as ECNARUSNI, how HINDRANCE will be coded ?    (June 2010)
(a) CADNIHWCE
(b) HANODEINR
(c) AENIRHDCN
(d) ECNARDNIH
Ans: (d)
Sol: ECNARDNIH
Alphabet are written from opposite direction in this coding
INSURANCE = ECNARUSNI
HINDRANCE = ECNARDNIH

Q43: In a certain code, CLOCK is written as KCOLC How would STEPS be written in that code ?    (June 2009)
(a) SPEST
(b) SPSET
(c) SPETS
(d) SEPTS
Ans: (c)
Sol: The code is encoded by writing the alphabets in opposite directions.
CLOCK - KCOLC
STEPS - SPETS