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Introduction
This document provides a detailed chronology of the Indian Constitution, focusing on its key features, important amendments, and criticisms. The purpose of this document is to offer a clear and structured overview of the evolution of the Indian Constitution, enabling quick revision for students and learners. It includes a breakdown of the Constitution's salient features, its development over time, and the criticisms it has faced, all organized in a simple and easy-to-understand format.
Lengthiest Written Constitution
Drawn From Various Sources
Blend of Rigidity and Flexibility
Federal System with Unitary Bias
Parliamentary Form of Government
Synthesis of Parliamentary Sovereignty and Judicial Supremacy
Integrated and Independent Judiciary
Fundamental Rights
Directive Principles of State Policy
Fundamental Duties
A Secular State
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Universal Adult Franchise
Single Citizenship
Independent Bodies
Emergency Provisions
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Three-tier Government
Co-operative Societies
Conclusion
The Indian Constitution is a comprehensive document that has evolved over time, adapting to the nation's changing needs and challenges. From its extensive borrowing from global sources to its unique features like a hybrid system of flexibility and rigidity, it stands as a testament to India’s vision of a democratic, inclusive, and progressive society. Despite criticism regarding its size and complexity, the Constitution has remained a robust framework for governance and continues to guide the country’s political, social, and legal landscape. This chronology serves as a useful reference for understanding the development and key aspects of the Indian Constitution, offering a clear understanding of its structure and significance.
The document Cheat Sheet: Salient Features of the Constitution | Indian Polity for UPSC CSE is a part of the UPSC Course Indian Polity for UPSC CSE.
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FAQs on Cheat Sheet: Salient Features of the Constitution - Indian Polity for UPSC CSE
| 1. What are the key features of the Indian Constitution that make it unique? |  |
| 2. How does the Indian Constitution ensure the separation of powers among different branches of government? | |
Ans. The Indian Constitution ensures the separation of powers by clearly delineating the responsibilities and functions of the three branches of government: the Executive, the Legislature, and the Judiciary. Each branch operates independently, with checks and balances in place. For instance, while the Legislature makes laws, the Executive implements them, and the Judiciary interprets and upholds the Constitution, thus preventing any one branch from overpowering the others.
| 3. What role do Fundamental Rights play in the Indian Constitution? | |
Ans. Fundamental Rights are essential in the Indian Constitution as they guarantee individual freedoms and protect citizens against arbitrary actions by the state. They include rights such as the right to equality, freedom of speech and expression, and protection against discrimination. These rights are justiciable, meaning individuals can approach the courts if their rights are violated, thus promoting justice and safeguarding personal liberties.
| 4. Can you explain the significance of the Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution? | |
Ans. The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines for the government to promote social and economic welfare and ensure justice, liberty, and equality among citizens. Although they are not justiciable, they are fundamental in the governance of the country, directing the state to formulate policies aimed at achieving socio-economic justice and ensuring that the rights and needs of citizens are prioritized in governance.
| 5. What is the procedure for amending the Indian Constitution? | |
Ans. The procedure for amending the Indian Constitution is outlined in Article 368. Amendments can be classified into three categories: those that require a simple majority of the Parliament, those that require a special majority of both Houses, and those that require a special majority along with the ratification by half of the state legislatures. This ensures that amendments are carefully considered and reflect the will of both the Parliament and the states, maintaining the Constitution's integrity and adaptability.
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