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Mindmap: Buddhism and Jainism | History for UPSC CSE

The document Mindmap: Buddhism and Jainism | History for UPSC CSE is a part of the UPSC Course History for UPSC CSE.
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FAQs on Mindmap: Buddhism and Jainism - History for UPSC CSE

1. What are the main teachings of Buddhism and Jainism?
Ans.Buddhism primarily teaches the Four Noble Truths, which focus on the nature of suffering and the path to enlightenment through the Eightfold Path. Jainism emphasizes the principles of non-violence (ahimsa), truthfulness, and asceticism, advocating for the liberation of the soul through self-discipline and ethical living.
2. How do Buddhism and Jainism view the concept of karma and rebirth?
Ans.Both Buddhism and Jainism believe in karma and rebirth, but they interpret these concepts differently. In Buddhism, karma is seen as the intention behind actions that influences future rebirths, while Jainism holds a more rigid view where every action accumulates karma that affects the soul's liberation. Jains believe in a cycle of birth and rebirth until the soul attains liberation (moksha).
3. What is the significance of non-violence (ahimsa) in Jainism compared to Buddhism?
Ans.Non-violence (ahimsa) is central to Jainism, where it is a fundamental ethical principle that governs all actions, extending even to the smallest living beings. In Buddhism, while ahimsa is also important, it is part of a broader ethical framework that includes compassion and loving-kindness, focusing on alleviating suffering rather than strict non-violence.
4. How did historical contexts influence the development of Buddhism and Jainism?
Ans.Historical contexts significantly shaped both religions. Buddhism emerged in the 5th century BCE in a time of social upheaval in India, responding to the rigid caste system and ritualism of the Vedic tradition. Jainism, which predates Buddhism, developed its teachings alongside these socio-political changes, emphasizing individual spiritual responsibility and ascetic practices as a reaction to societal norms.
5. What are the similarities and differences between the practices of Buddhism and Jainism?
Ans.Similarities between Buddhism and Jainism include the practice of meditation, the pursuit of spiritual liberation, and the importance of ethical conduct. Differences lie in their rituals and community practices; Buddhism often incorporates communal worship and monastic life, while Jainism emphasizes individual asceticism and strict adherence to non-violence in all aspects of life.
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