UPSC Exam > UPSC Notes > Indian Polity for UPSC CSE > Cheat Sheet: Scheduled and Tribal Areas
Cheat Sheet: Scheduled and Tribal Areas | Indian Polity for UPSC CSE PDF Download
| Table of contents |
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| Introduction |
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| Administration of Scheduled Areas (Fifth Schedule) |
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| Administration of Tribal Areas (Sixth Schedule) |
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| Chronology for Quick Revision |
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Introduction
This chapter explains the special systems for governing scheduled and tribal areas in India, as outlined in Article 244 of the Constitution. It covers the Fifth Schedule for scheduled areas and the Sixth Schedule for tribal areas in four northeastern states. The focus is on how these provisions ensure the welfare and autonomy of tribal communities while balancing state and central roles.
Administration of Scheduled Areas (Fifth Schedule)
The Fifth Schedule provides a framework for governing scheduled areas in states (except Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram) to protect and promote the welfare of scheduled tribes through special administrative measures.
Key Points: The Fifth Schedule empowers the President and governor to manage scheduled areas, ensuring tribal welfare through advisory councils, customized laws, and periodic reviews.
Administration of Tribal Areas (Sixth Schedule)
The Sixth Schedule grants significant autonomy to tribal areas in Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram, recognizing their unique cultural identities. It establishes autonomous councils to manage local governance and protect tribal interests.
Key Points: The Sixth Schedule provides tribal areas in the Northeast with autonomous councils that have legislative and taxation powers, preserving cultural identity and local governance.
Chronology for Quick Revision
Key Points: The Fifth and Sixth Schedules were introduced in 1950, with provisions for periodic review to ensure effective administration of tribal areas.
Conclusion
This chapter highlights India’s commitment to protecting tribal communities through special governance systems under Article 244. The Fifth Schedule ensures tailored administration for scheduled areas with a focus on tribal welfare, while the Sixth Schedule grants significant autonomy to tribal areas in four northeastern states, preserving their cultural uniqueness. These provisions balance central oversight with local self-governance, making them vital for inclusive development and tribal empowerment.
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FAQs on Cheat Sheet: Scheduled and Tribal Areas - Indian Polity for UPSC CSE
| 1. What is the Fifth Schedule of the Indian Constitution and its significance in the administration of Scheduled Areas? |  |
Ans. The Fifth Schedule of the Indian Constitution provides for the administration and governance of Scheduled Areas, which are predominantly inhabited by Scheduled Tribes. It empowers the Governor of the state to regulate the governance of these areas, ensuring that the interests and rights of tribal populations are safeguarded. The significance lies in its focus on protecting tribal identity, culture, and resources, promoting self-governance through the establishment of Autonomous District Councils, and providing for the management of land and resources.
| 2. How does the Sixth Schedule differ from the Fifth Schedule in the context of tribal area administration? | |
Ans. The Sixth Schedule specifically addresses the administration of Tribal Areas in certain northeastern states of India, granting them greater autonomy compared to the Fifth Schedule. It allows for the establishment of Autonomous District Councils with legislative, administrative, and judicial powers to manage local affairs. While the Fifth Schedule provides for the governance of Scheduled Areas with a focus on tribal welfare, the Sixth Schedule emphasizes self-governance and local administration, thereby enabling tribes in these regions to maintain their cultural and social structures.
| 3. What are the key provisions under the Fifth Schedule for the protection of tribal rights? | |
Ans. The key provisions under the Fifth Schedule include the prohibition of transfer of land from tribals to non-tribals, the establishment of a Tribal Advisory Council to advise the Governor on matters concerning Scheduled Areas, and the empowerment of the Governor to make regulations for the administration of such areas. Additionally, the Schedule mandates the development of educational and economic opportunities for tribal communities, ensuring their involvement in decision-making processes affecting their lives.
| 4. Can you explain the role of the Governor in the administration of Scheduled Areas under the Fifth Schedule? | |
Ans. The Governor plays a crucial role in the administration of Scheduled Areas as per the Fifth Schedule. The Governor has the authority to declare areas as Scheduled Areas, appoint a Tribal Advisory Council, and make regulations to govern these regions. The Governor's powers are aimed at ensuring that the interests of tribal communities are prioritized, including oversight of land use, resource management, and the implementation of welfare programs tailored to the needs of the tribal population.
| 5. What is the importance of the Autonomous District Councils established under the Sixth Schedule? | |
Ans. The Autonomous District Councils established under the Sixth Schedule are vital for promoting self-governance among tribal communities in northeastern states. They have legislative, executive, and judicial powers to manage local affairs, including land use, resource management, and cultural preservation. These councils empower tribal populations to play a direct role in governance, ensuring that their unique needs and aspirations are addressed while fostering socio-economic development and maintaining their cultural identity.
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