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| 1. बौद्ध धर्म क्या है और इसके मुख्य सिद्धांत क्या हैं ? |  |
Ans. बौद्ध धर्म एक धार्मिक और दार्शनिक परंपरा है, जिसकी शुरुआत 6वीं शताब्दी ईसा पूर्व में सिद्धार्थ गौतम, जिन्हें गौतम बुद्ध के नाम से जाना जाता है, ने की थी। इसके मुख्य सिद्धांतों में चार आर्य सत्य शामिल हैं: (1) दुःख का अस्तित्व, (2) दुःख का कारण, (3) दुःख का अंत, और (4) दुःख के अंत का मार्ग, जिसे आठfold मार्ग कहा जाता है।
| 2. बौद्ध धर्म के विभिन्न सम्प्रदाय कौन-कौन से हैं ? | |
Ans. बौद्ध धर्म के प्रमुख सम्प्रदायों में थेरवाद, महायान और वज्रयान शामिल हैं। थेरवाद बौद्ध धर्म की सबसे पुरानी परंपरा है, जो मुख्यतः श्रीलंका और दक्षिण पूर्व एशिया में प्रचलित है। महायान बुद्ध के विचारों का विस्तार करता है और इसे चीन, जापान और कोरिया में माना जाता है। वज्रयान, जिसे तिब्बती बौद्ध धर्म भी कहते हैं, तिब्बत और हिमालयी क्षेत्रों में विकसित हुआ।
| 3. बौद्ध धर्म का भारत में ऐतिहासिक महत्व क्या है ? | |
Ans. बौद्ध धर्म का भारत में अत्यधिक ऐतिहासिक महत्व है, क्योंकि इसका उदय यहाँ हुआ था। यह धर्म न केवल एक धार्मिक परंपरा है, बल्कि यह भारतीय संस्कृति, कला और दर्शन पर भी गहरा प्रभाव डाल चुका है। मौर्य साम्राज्य के समय में, सम्राट अशोक ने बौद्ध धर्म को अपनाया और इसके प्रचार-प्रसार में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई।
| 4. बौद्ध धर्म की शिक्षाओं का आधुनिक समाज पर क्या प्रभाव है ? | |
Ans. बौद्ध धर्म की शिक्षाएँ जैसे करुणा, अहिंसा और मध्य मार्ग, आधुनिक समाज में मानसिक स्वास्थ्य, पर्यावरण संरक्षण और सामाजिक सामंजस्य को बढ़ावा देने में सहायक हैं। इन शिक्षाओं का उपयोग ध्यान और योग के माध्यम से तनाव प्रबंधन और आत्म-विकास के लिए भी किया जाता है।
| 5. बौद्ध धर्म के अनुयायी कैसे पूजा करते हैं ? | |
Ans. बौद्ध धर्म के अनुयायी पूजा में बुद्ध की प्रतिमाओं के सामने माला, अगरबत्ती और फूल अर्पित करते हैं। ध्यान और प्रार्थना उनके दैनिक जीवन का हिस्सा होते हैं। वे बौद्ध ग्रंथों का पाठ करते हैं और धर्मसभा में भाग लेते हैं, जहाँ वे अपने अनुभवों और ज्ञान को साझा करते हैं।
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