Universal adult franchise means every Indian citizen aged 18 and above has the right to vote.
Key points:
Every Indian citizen aged 18 and above has the right to vote, making universal franchise a cornerstone of Indian democracy.
The Election Commission of India (ECI) takes innovative steps to ensure all eligible voters, including those in remote areas and with disabilities, can participate in elections.
The Election Commission of India (ECI) is an independent constitutional authority established in 1950 to conduct free and fair elections in India.
The ECI handles the complex task of conducting elections across a vast and diverse country, continuously upgrading procedures to maintain efficiency, fairness, and transparency.
The MCC is a set of guidelines implemented to maintain fair play and peaceful elections by regulating the conduct of political parties, candidates, and government officials during election periods.
India’s parliamentary system includes elections for the Lok Sabha (national level) and State Legislative Assemblies (state level).
Rajya Sabha members are elected indirectly by MLAs from state assemblies using the single transferable vote system, ensuring proportional representation.
The President is elected by an Electoral College comprising MPs and MLAs via a single transferable vote system, balancing state and central powers.
The Vice President is elected by all members of both houses of Parliament (elected and nominated) using the single transferable vote; they serve as Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha.
India’s electoral system, while the largest democratic exercise globally, faces challenges such as money power, criminal candidates, and voter apathy. Strengthening democracy requires voter education and awareness to promote responsible voting.
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1. What is Universal Adult Franchise and why is it important in India? | ![]() |
2. How does the Election Commission of India (ECI) ensure free and fair elections? | ![]() |
3. What are the major challenges faced in ensuring Universal Franchise in India? | ![]() |
4. How do elections in India reflect the principles of democracy? | ![]() |
5. What steps can be taken to improve voter participation in India? | ![]() |