August 19 – Essay: 2026 | UPSC Daily Answer Writing Practice PDF Download

Creating an essay for the UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) on the topic "There is Nothing Either Good or Bad, but Thinking Makes it So" requires a structured approach that aligns with the expectations of UPSC essay writing. 
Below is a detailed structure for the essay, followed by a sample essay adhering to this structure and the specified word limit.

Introduction

• Start with a quote or phrase that sets the tone for the essay.
• Introduce the concept by referring to its origin, for example, William Shakespeare’s quote from "Hamlet".
• Briefly explain the premise of how perception shapes our understanding of good and bad.

Body

• Philosophical Underpinnings
  • Discuss the philosophical idea that reality is shaped by our perceptions.
  • Include perspectives from both Eastern and Western philosophy.
• Impact on Individual Psychology
  • Explore how personal beliefs and experiences shape individual perceptions of good and bad.
  • Discuss the role of cognitive biases and mental frameworks.
• Societal and Cultural Influence
  • Analyze how societal norms and cultural backgrounds influence collective thinking.
  • Include relevant examples from Indian society and global contexts.
• Ethical and Moral Dimensions
  • Discuss the ethical implications of this philosophy.
  • Debate the relativity of morality and ethics based on individual and collective thinking.
• Practical Applications and Examples
  • Provide real-world examples demonstrating how perspective changes situations.
  • Use examples from history, current events, and possibly personal anecdotes.
• Positive Attitude and Constructive Thinking
  • Emphasize the importance of positive thinking and its impact on personal and societal well-being.
  • Discuss the role of optimism in overcoming challenges.

Conclusion

• Summarize key points made in the essay.
• Reinforce the central idea that perception significantly influences our understanding of good and bad.
• End with a forward-looking statement or quote that leaves the reader with something to ponder.

Sample Essay

The following essay serves as a sample for the given topic. Students can add their own ideas and points as well.

Introduction

As William Shakespeare eloquently stated in "Hamlet," "There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so." This profound observation encapsulates the essence of human perception and its role in defining our reality. Our comprehension of what is deemed 'good' or 'bad' is not an inherent truth but rather a construct of our individual and collective thinking.

Body

Philosophical Underpinnings

At the heart of this notion lies a deep philosophical question about the nature of reality. Philosophers, both Eastern and Western, have long debated whether the world is as we perceive it or if our perceptions color our understanding. This dichotomy between perceived and actual reality invites us to consider how our mindset shapes our interpretation of events and circumstances.

Impact on Individual Psychology

Our perceptions are deeply rooted in our personal experiences, beliefs, and upbringing. Cognitive psychology suggests that our mental frameworks, shaped by these factors, significantly influence how we categorize experiences as good or bad. These cognitive biases play a crucial role in our individual understanding of the world.

Societal and Cultural Influence

Beyond individual psychology, our perceptions are heavily influenced by societal norms and cultural contexts. In Indian society, for instance, notions of good and bad are often intertwined with cultural and religious beliefs. Globally, different cultures provide varied lenses through which events and actions are judged.

Ethical and Moral Dimensions

The relativity of perception brings into question the universality of ethical and moral standards. What one society deems virtuous, another may view as vice. This philosophical debate highlights the complexity of establishing absolute moral standards in a world where perceptions vary so widely.

Practical Applications and Examples

History is replete with instances where perception has defined reality. During India's freedom struggle, the British saw the rebels as troublemakers, while Indians viewed them as freedom fighters. In the present day, social movements often pivot on differing perceptions of justice and morality.

Positive Attitude and Constructive Thinking

A positive mindset can transform challenges into opportunities. Optimism is not just a feel-good strategy but a powerful tool in shaping our reality. For instance, during the COVID-19 pandemic, those who maintained a positive outlook were often better able to cope with the crisis.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Shakespeare’s insight invites us to reflect on the power of perception. It is not the events themselves, but our interpretation of them that defines our reality. By cultivating a positive and open mindset, we can transform our perception of the world, leading to a more harmonious and understanding society. As we journey through life, let us remember that our thinking shapes our world, and in changing our thoughts, we can change our world.