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Points to remember:
1.) There can be only one reflected ray for a given single incident ray falling on a plane mirror.
2.) A ray of light which is incident normally on a mirror is reflected back along the same path because the angle of incidence for such a ray of light is 0 degree. Therefore, the angle of reflection is also 0 degree.
3.) Diffuse reflection is caused by the roughness in the reflecting surface of an object.
4.) Laws of reflection are valid for both regular reflection & irregular reflection.
Fig: Reflection of light.Fig: Reflection of light.
5.) If a person is standing at a distance of 1 metre in front of a plane mirror, then distance between the person & his image will be 2 metres.
6.) In an image formed by plane mirror, the left side of the object appears on the right side in the image whereas the right side of the object appears on the left side in the image.
This change of sides of an object & its mirror image is called Lateral inversion.
7.) As the angle between the two plane mirrors decreases, the number of images formed increases.
When the angle between the two plane mirrors becomes 0 degree i.e. When the two mirrors are parallel to each other then infinite number of images is formed.
8.) An interesting feature of a kaleidoscope is that we can never see the same patterns again. Every time a new pattern is formed. Kaleidoscope are used by designers of wall papers & fabrics, as well as by artists to get ideas for new patterns.


Question for Important Points - Light
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What is the reason behind the formation of diffuse reflection?
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Fig: Kaleidoscope.Fig: Kaleidoscope.9.) Rainbow in the sky is natural phenomenon showing the dispersion of sunlight. Rainbow is produced by the dispersion of sunlight by the tiny rain drops suspended in the atmosphere (which act as tiny prisms made of water).
10.) The adjustment of the size of pupil takes some time. That’s when we go from a bright light to a darkened cinema hall, at first we cannot see our surroundings clearly.
Fig: Rainbow.Fig: Rainbow.11.) The range of vision of a normal human eye is from infinity to about 25 centimeters.
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FAQs on Important Points - Light - Science Class 8

1. What is light?
Ans. Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye and is responsible for our sense of sight. It travels in straight lines and can be described as a wave or a particle called a photon.
2. How does light travel?
Ans. Light travels in straight lines at a constant speed of approximately 299,792 kilometers per second in a vacuum. It can also travel through transparent materials such as air, water, and glass, but its speed may be slightly slower due to interactions with the medium.
3. What are the properties of light?
Ans. Light has several properties, including intensity, frequency, wavelength, and polarization. Intensity refers to the brightness of light, while frequency determines its color. Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs of a light wave, and polarization refers to the orientation of the electric field component of light.
4. How does light interact with matter?
Ans. Light can interact with matter in several ways. It can be reflected, where it bounces off the surface of an object, or refracted, where it changes direction as it passes through a medium. Light can also be absorbed, where it is taken in by an object, or transmitted, where it passes through a material without being significantly absorbed or reflected.
5. What are some practical applications of light?
Ans. Light has numerous practical applications in various fields. Some examples include lighting, communication systems (such as fiber optics), photography, lasers, medical imaging (such as X-rays and ultrasound), and solar energy generation. Light also plays a crucial role in vision and the functioning of our eyes.
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