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Introduction To Indian Geography
India: Location And Size
Location
- India is a vast country. Lying entirely in the Northern hemisphere, the main land extends between latitudes 8°4’N and 37°6’N and longitudes 68°7’E and 97°25’E.
- The Tropic of Cancer (23° 30’N) divides the country into almost two equal parts.
- To the southeast and southwest of the mainland, lie the Andaman and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep islands in Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea respectively.
Size
- Geography Area of India : 32,87,263 sq. km.
- It accounts for 2.4% of the total world area and roughly 16% of the world population.
- India is the seventh largest country of the world.
- India has a land boundary of about 15,200 km and the total length of the coast line of the mainland including Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep is 7,516.6 km.
India’s Neighbours
- India occupies an important strategic position in South Asia.
- India shares its land boundaries with Pakistan and Afghanistan in the northwest China , Nepal and Bhutan in the north and Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east.
- Our southern neighbours across the sea consist of the two island countries, namely Sri Lanka and Maldives.
- Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by the Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar while Maldives Islands are situated to the south of the Lakshadweep Islands.
Facts about position of states
UP borders the maximum number of States-8 (Uttarakhand, HP, Haryana, Rajasthan, MP, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar). After UP is Assam, which touches the border of 7 States
Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 States : Gujarat, Rajasthan, MP, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, WB, Tripuro, Mizoram
- Indian Standard Meridian passes through 5 States : UP, MP, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, AP.
- 9 States form the coast of India. They are : Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu. Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal.
- 2 Union Territories, viz. Daman & Diu and Pondicherry are also on the coast.
- The Union Territories of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep are made up of islands only.
The document Introduction To Indian Geography - Geography, UPSC , IAS | Geography (Prelims) by Valor Academy is a part of the UPSC Course Geography (Prelims) by Valor Academy.
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FAQs on Introduction To Indian Geography - Geography, UPSC , IAS - Geography (Prelims) by Valor Academy
| 1. What is the significance of Indian Geography in the UPSC exam? |  |
Ans. Indian Geography holds great importance in the UPSC exam as it is one of the major components of the General Studies Paper I. It covers topics such as physical geography, climate, vegetation, wildlife, natural resources, and regional geography of India. A thorough understanding of Indian Geography is crucial for scoring well in the exam and for gaining insights into the country's diverse geography and its impact on various aspects of India's socio-economic development.
| 2. What are the key topics to focus on while studying Indian Geography for the UPSC exam? | |
Ans. While studying Indian Geography for the UPSC exam, it is essential to focus on key topics such as the physical features of India, including rivers, mountains, plateaus, and plains. Understanding the climate patterns, monsoons, and their impact on agriculture is crucial. Additionally, knowledge of India's natural resources, biodiversity, national parks, and wildlife sanctuaries is important. It is also essential to study the regional geography of India, including the different states, their geographical features, and cultural aspects.
| 3. How can I effectively prepare for Indian Geography in the UPSC exam? | |
Ans. To effectively prepare for Indian Geography in the UPSC exam, start by thoroughly studying the NCERT textbooks from 6th to 12th grade. These textbooks provide a strong foundation for understanding the basic concepts. Supplement your studies with standard reference books like "Certificate Physical and Human Geography" by Goh Cheng Leong and "India - A Comprehensive Geography" by D.R. Khullar. Make use of maps and diagrams to enhance your understanding of geographical features. Regularly practice solving previous years' question papers and take mock tests to assess your preparation level.
| 4. What are some important geographical facts about India that I should know for the UPSC exam? | |
Ans. Some important geographical facts about India that you should know for the UPSC exam include:
- India is the seventh-largest country in the world by land area.
- It is located in South Asia and is bordered by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast.
- The northern and northeastern boundaries of India are formed by the Himalayan mountain range.
- India has a coastline of approximately 7,500 kilometers.
- The country has a diverse climate ranging from tropical in the south to alpine in the Himalayas.
- Major rivers in India include the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Yamuna, Godavari, and Krishna.
- India is known for its rich biodiversity and is home to various national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
| 5. How can I improve my map-based questions in Indian Geography for the UPSC exam? | |
Ans. To improve your performance in map-based questions in Indian Geography for the UPSC exam, practice regularly with maps of India and its regions. Familiarize yourself with the location of major rivers, mountains, plateaus, and important cities. Understand the geographical features associated with different states and regions. Use mnemonic techniques or visual aids to remember the location of important places. Solve previous years' question papers to gain exposure to different types of map-based questions. Additionally, refer to atlases and online resources for detailed maps and their explanations.
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