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Physiography of India (Part - 2)

Deccan Plateau has the following features:

  • The Deccan Lava Plateau Region
  • Telangana Plateau
  • The Karnataka Plateau
    Physiography of India(Part - 2) - Geography, UPSC, IAS | Geography (Prelims) by Valor Academy
    The Deccan Lava Plateau Region
  • The northwestern part of Deccan Plateau is the region of basaltic lava. 
  • It includes the Western Ghats north of 160N latitude, plateau of Maharashtra (except the east of Nagpur) and the adjoining parts of Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
    Telangana Plateau
  • Part of the Deccan Plateau comprises of the interior region of Andhra Pradesh.
  • North of Krishna River is the plateau of Telangana.
  • South of the Krishna River, lying in the Rayalseema plateau region.
    The Karnataka Plateau
  • Situated to the south of Deccan Lava Region.
  • Malnad and Maidan are two physiographic regions of Karnataka Plateau.

(i) Malnad 

  • Hilly and dissected plateau region about 35 km wide lying close to the Western Ghats. The highest hills is the Bababudan group.

(ii) Maidan

  • Situated in the eastern part of Malnad, relatively large rolling plains with low granitic hills.

Plateau

  • It is an extension of main peninsular plateau
  • It includes Meghalaya and karbi-Anglong plateau
  • Meghalaya plateau is further sub-divided into Garo hill, khasi hill & Jaintia hills
  • this plateau is highly eroded because it is high rainfall area

Coastal Plains

  • This is a narrow belt and provides natural conditions for the development of the ports & the harbours.
  • From Gujarat to Kerala they can be divided into kutch & Kathiawar coast, Konkan coast and Malabar coast

Coastal plainsCoastal plains

On the basis of location, the plains can be divided into :

  • The western coastal plains
  • The eastern coastal plains

KATHIAWAR COAST

  • Extends from Rann of Kutch to Daman in the south

    THE ISLANDS
    There are two major groups of the island in India
  • Bay of Bengal group
  • Arabian Sea group

Bay of Bengal

  • This group consists of 572 islands
  • The group is divided into Andaman in the north & Nicobar group in the south
  • They are separated by “ten degree channel”
    Bay of Bengal islandsBay of Bengal islands
  • These are believed to be the extension of Arakan Yoma mountain
  • Barren island, the only active volcano is situated in the Nicobar island
  • The Pamban Island, situated between India and Sri Lanka, has a rocky surface, is an extension of the peninsular surface in Ramnad district of Tamil Nadu.
    Arabian sea islands
  • This group include the Lakshadweep and Minicoy islands
  • There are approx. 36 islands
  • These are built of coral deposits
    Arabian sea islandsArabian sea islands
  • Minicoy is the largest island
  • The group is divided by 11 degree channel, north of which is the Amini island and to the south is the Cannanore island
The document Physiography of India(Part - 2) - Geography, UPSC, IAS | Geography (Prelims) by Valor Academy is a part of the UPSC Course Geography (Prelims) by Valor Academy.
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FAQs on Physiography of India(Part - 2) - Geography, UPSC, IAS - Geography (Prelims) by Valor Academy

1. What is the significance of physiography in understanding the geography of India?
Ans. Physiography plays a crucial role in understanding the geography of India as it helps in identifying and analyzing the landforms, landscapes, and physical features of the country. It provides insights into the distribution of mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers, and other landforms, which are essential for understanding natural resources, climate patterns, and human activities.
2. How does the physiography of India influence its climatic conditions?
Ans. The physiography of India greatly influences its climatic conditions. The presence of the Himalayas in the north acts as a barrier to cold winds, resulting in the Indian subcontinent experiencing a tropical monsoon climate. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats also influence the distribution of rainfall and create regional variations in climate across different parts of India.
3. What are the major physiographic divisions of India?
Ans. India can be broadly divided into the following physiographic divisions: 1. The Northern Mountains: This includes the Himalayas and its associated ranges. 2. The Northern Plains: This vast alluvial plain stretches from Punjab to the Brahmaputra Valley and is formed by the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra rivers. 3. The Peninsular Plateau: This plateau is composed of the Deccan Plateau and the Chota Nagpur Plateau. 4. The Coastal Plains: These are narrow plains along the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. 5. The Islands: The Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the Lakshadweep Islands are part of India's physiography.
4. How does the physiography of India impact its agriculture and economy?
Ans. The physiography of India has a significant impact on its agriculture and economy. The fertile alluvial plains of the northern region and the coastal plains provide favorable conditions for agriculture, leading to the production of crops like wheat, rice, sugarcane, and cotton. The presence of plateaus and mountains also contributes to the availability of natural resources such as minerals and forests, which play a crucial role in India's economy.
5. How does the physiography of India contribute to its cultural diversity?
Ans. The physiography of India has contributed to its cultural diversity in various ways. The presence of different physical features has led to the development of distinct regional cultures, traditions, and languages. For example, the mountainous regions have their own unique cultural practices, whereas the coastal areas have a different lifestyle influenced by maritime activities. The physiography has also influenced settlement patterns and the development of trade routes, resulting in the exchange of ideas and cultural influences between different regions.
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