C6H12O6(Glucose) + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy(in the form of ATP)
Cellular Respiration
The mechanism of respiration involves the following two processes:
(a) Glycolysis
Series of reactions which does not require oxygen and by which glucose molecule is broken into pyruvic acid.
(b) Breakdown of Pyruvic Acid Molecules: By aerobic (in the presence of oxygen) or anaerobic (in the absence of oxygen) methods.
Table: Differences Between Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
The process involving intake of air or oxygen [inhalation] and removal of air or carbon dioxide [exhalation] is called breathing. No enzymes are involved in this process.
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Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration
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Table: Differences Between Respiration and Combustion
Table: Differences Between Respiration and Fermentation
Table: Comparison Between Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation
Observation and Conclusion:
Fermentation of sugar results in the production of ethyl alcohol and CO2.
Table: Differences Between Respiration in Plants And Animals
Table: Differences Between Photosynthesis and Respiration
Q.1. What advantage does a terrestrial organism have over an aquatic organism with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration?
Ans. Terrestrial animals breathe the oxygen in the atmosphere, but animals that live in water such as fishes need to use the oxygen dissolved in water.
Since the amount of dissolved oxygen is fairly low compared to the amount of oxygen in the air, the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than that seen in terrestrial organisms.
Q.2. What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidized to provide energy to various organisms?
Ans:
Q.3. Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning.
Ans. Both alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys possess a network of blood capillaries. The exchange of gases takes place in alveoli, where impure blood (deoxygenated blood) is purified into oxygenated blood. Similarly, the nephrons purify the blood by filtering out its waste products in the form of urine.
Q.4. What is the difference between emphysema and asthma?
Ans. Emphysema is caused by the gradual breakdown of the thin walls of the alveoli so that the air spaces become larger and the total gaseous exchange takes place. Asthma is a form of difficult or heavy breathing caused by a spasm of smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchioles.
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1. What is the difference between respiration and breathing? | ![]() |
2. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? | ![]() |
3. What are respiratory substrates? | ![]() |
4. How is fermentation related to respiration? | ![]() |
5. What is the purpose of the aerobic and anaerobic respiration experiment? | ![]() |