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Naming Alicyclic Compounds
For alicyclic compounds, prefix cyclo is used e.g.,
If the alkyl chain contains a greater number of C-atoms than the ring, the ring is designated as substituent. e.g.,
If side chain contains a multiple bond or a functional group, the ring is treated as a substituent. e.g
Other examples are:
Naming Spiro Compounds:
Prefix ‘spiro’ is used for the compounds in which one carbon is present between two rings;
Here, smaller ring is numbered first, e.g.,
Naming Bicyclo Compounds:
Prefix ‘bicycle’ is used for such compounds e.g.,
In bicycle compounds, numbering is done first in larger ring, then in smaller ring.
Naming Aromatic Compounds
IUPAC accepted their common trivial names e.g.,
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FAQs on Naming Alicyclic, Spiro, Bicyclo & Aromatic Compounds - Additional Study Material for NEET
| 1. What are alicyclic compounds? |  |
Ans. Alicyclic compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more rings of carbon atoms in their structure. These rings are not aromatic, meaning they do not possess the special stability associated with aromatic compounds. Alicyclic compounds can be cyclic alkanes, cycloalkenes, or cycloalkynes.
| 2. What is the difference between alicyclic and aromatic compounds? | |
Ans. The main difference between alicyclic and aromatic compounds lies in their ring structure. Alicyclic compounds have non-aromatic carbon rings, while aromatic compounds possess aromatic rings that exhibit a special stability due to delocalized pi electrons. Additionally, aromatic compounds often have a distinctive aroma, hence the name.
| 3. How are spiro compounds named? | |
Ans. Spiro compounds are named by indicating the number of carbon atoms in each of the two rings connected by a single carbon atom. The name begins with the prefix "spiro," followed by the number of carbon atoms in each ring, separated by a colon. For example, a spiro compound with a six-membered ring and a five-membered ring connected by a single carbon atom would be named spiro[6.5].
| 4. What are bicyclic compounds? | |
Ans. Bicyclic compounds are organic compounds that contain two interconnected rings of carbon atoms in their structure. These rings can either share two adjacent carbon atoms (fused rings) or be connected by a single carbon atom (bridged rings). Bicyclic compounds offer a diverse range of structures and properties.
| 5. How are aromatic compounds named? | |
Ans. Aromatic compounds are named based on the substituents present on the aromatic ring. The benzene ring, which is the most common aromatic ring, is considered the parent compound. The substituents are named using common organic nomenclature rules and are indicated by prefixes or suffixes. The position of each substituent is indicated by numbering the carbon atoms on the ring, starting from the carbon atom with the highest priority group.
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