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Computer Classification - Computer Fundamentals, Computer Awareness | Famous Books for UPSC Exam (Summary & Tests) PDF Download
Computer Classification
According to size, computer classification are of 4 types namely
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Mainframe computers
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Mini computers
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Micro computers
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Super computers
Mainframe computers
Mainframe computers occupy large space, sensitive to parameters like temperature, humidity, etc., They have large storage capacity, many accessories or peripherals and performs many tasks. It is not user-friendly, can be used only by qualified or trained professionals. It is used to service multiple users with numerous software. They are used by large corporations, governments, banks, etc.,
Mini computers
Mini computers posses less memory and storage than mainframe computers. They are used for data processing, while they are sensitive to parameters like temperature, humidity, etc., It posses less peripherals and limited software than the mainframe computers.
Micro computers
Micro computers are also known as personal computers. They are cheap, affordable, user-friendly and easily accessable. It is widely used in companies, offices, household, schools, colleges, etc., It posses less accessories like keyboard, mouse, CPU, monitor, etc.,
Super computers
Super computers are used for complex mathematical operations. They are used for weather forecasting, nuclear simulations, scientific computations, fluid dynamics, cyclone predication, etc., They are used by research institutions, space centres, weather forecast stations, nuclear power stations, etc.,
According to functions, computer can be classed into 4 types namely
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Servers
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Workstations
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Information appliances
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Embedded computers
Servers
Servers are the kind of computer used to provide services. It depends on the service like database, file, web, etc.,
Workstations
Workstations are kind of computers intended to single user but can use multi-user operating system.
Information appliances
Information appliances are the portable or handy devices designed to perform simple operations like calculations, games, etc., They have limited memory and limited operations capabilities and software. Example – Mobile phones, Tablets, etc.,
Embedded Computers
Embedded computers are used in another machines to serve limited requirements. It executes program in the non-volatile memory to operate an intended machine or electronic device. They cannot be rebooted unlike normal computers, required to operate continuously. Embedded computers are used widely in day-to-day life. Example – Washing machine, DVD player, etc.,
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FAQs on Computer Classification - Computer Fundamentals, Computer Awareness - Famous Books for UPSC Exam (Summary & Tests)
| 1. What is computer classification? |  |
Ans. Computer classification refers to the process of categorizing computers based on their size, processing capabilities, purpose, and other factors. It helps in understanding the different types of computers and their specific functionalities.
| 2. What are the major types of computer classification? | |
Ans. The major types of computer classification include:
1. Supercomputers: These are highly powerful computers designed to perform complex calculations and simulations at a very high speed. They are used in scientific research, weather forecasting, and other computationally intensive tasks.
2. Mainframe Computers: Mainframes are large, powerful computers that can handle a massive amount of data processing and support multiple users simultaneously. They are commonly used in large organizations and government institutions.
3. Minicomputers: Minicomputers are smaller than mainframes but larger than microcomputers. They are suitable for medium-sized businesses and provide significant processing power and storage capacity.
4. Microcomputers: Also known as personal computers, microcomputers are the most common type of computers used by individuals. They are compact, affordable, and widely used for various tasks like word processing, internet browsing, and gaming.
5. Embedded Computers: These computers are built into other devices and perform specific functions. Examples include computers in cars, household appliances, and medical devices.
| 3. How are computers classified based on their purpose? | |
Ans. Computers can be classified based on their purpose into the following categories:
1. General-Purpose Computers: These are versatile computers that can perform a wide range of tasks. Personal computers and laptops are examples of general-purpose computers.
2. Special-Purpose Computers: These computers are designed for specific tasks or industries. Examples include gaming consoles, ATM machines, and industrial control systems.
3. Servers: Servers are computers that provide services or resources to other computers over a network. They are commonly used for hosting websites, managing databases, and file storage.
4. Mobile Devices: Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets are specialized computers designed for communication, entertainment, and productivity on the go.
| 4. How are computers classified based on their size? | |
Ans. Computers can be classified based on their size into the following categories:
1. Supercomputers: These are the largest and most powerful computers, often filling entire rooms. They require specialized environments and cooling systems.
2. Mainframe Computers: Mainframes are large computers that are typically housed in dedicated computer rooms. They are smaller than supercomputers but still much larger than other types of computers.
3. Minicomputers: Minicomputers are smaller than mainframes but larger than microcomputers. They can be as small as a refrigerator or as large as a desk.
4. Microcomputers: Microcomputers, also known as personal computers, are small and portable. They can fit on a desk or be carried around easily.
5. Mobile Devices: Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets are the smallest computers. They can fit in the palm of your hand and are highly portable.
| 5. What are the characteristics of supercomputers? | |
Ans. Supercomputers have the following characteristics:
1. High Processing Power: Supercomputers are capable of performing billions or even trillions of calculations per second, making them extremely powerful in terms of processing capabilities.
2. Massive Storage Capacity: They have large storage capacities to handle vast amounts of data generated by complex simulations and calculations.
3. Parallel Processing: Supercomputers use parallel processing techniques, where multiple processors work together simultaneously to solve complex problems faster.
4. Specialized Architecture: They have unique architectures designed to optimize performance for specific applications, such as scientific research, weather modeling, or nuclear simulations.
5. High Energy Consumption: Supercomputers require a significant amount of electrical power and cooling systems to maintain their operations, resulting in high energy consumption.
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