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Multi−Bit Multiplexers
There are many uses for multiplexers. Wherever a number of signals, or logic states, need to be passed down a single communication channel such as a wire, a radio channel, or a telephone, some form of multiplexing is used. Sometimes the multiplexing and de-multiplexing can be very complex, much more so than the circuit in Figs 4.2.2 and 4.2.3. In some systems, data is transferred over very long distances, in others such as transferring data within computers, the distances may be very short. Fig. 4.2.4 shows a 4 to 1 line multiplexer, which enables a 4-bit binary number to be passed over 3 lines, one for data and two for control.
Addressing
Larger multiplexers, such as 4, 8 or 16 bit types, which are readily available in IC form, use a method of ‘addressing’ a particular data gate using a binary code. Fig 4.2.4 shows a 4 to 1 multiplexer where, in order to output data from a particular input, one of the four 3−input NAND gates must be enabled by a logic 1 on two of its inputs, leaving the third input for data. To achieve this two address lines are used, giving four possible combinations of 1 and 0. Look carefully at the address lines. When both are at logic 0 the two inverters (NOT gates) produce logic 1s at two of the inputs to NAND gate 00. None of the other NAND gates addressed by these lines has both its address inputs at logic 1. If the least significant bit (lsb) of the address is 1 and the most significant bit (msb) is 0 then NAND gate 01 is enabled. Because two address lines can give four possible binary combinations, you should find that, counting from the top, gate 00 is enabled by the address inputs 002, gate 01 by address 012, gate 10 by 102 and gate 11 by 112.
Multiplexer IC Datasheets
There are many commercially available multiplexer ICs available with a variety of extra features. The following is a list of datasheets for some basic multiplexers similar to those described in this article.
74HC151 8 To 1 multiplexer from NXP
74HC153 4To 1 multiplexer from Texas instruments
74HC257 Quad 2input Multiplexer from NXP
74HC352Dual 4 to 1 Multiplexer from Texas instruments
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FAQs on Multi Bit Multiplexers & Addressing - Analog and Digital Electronics - Electrical Engineering (EE)
| 1. What is a multi-bit multiplexer? |  |
Ans. A multi-bit multiplexer is a digital circuit that selects one of multiple input signals and outputs it based on the control signals. Unlike a single-bit multiplexer, a multi-bit multiplexer can handle multiple bits of data simultaneously.
| 2. How does a multi-bit multiplexer work? | |
Ans. A multi-bit multiplexer works by using a combination of control signals to select the desired input signal. The control signals are typically in binary form, and they determine which input is connected to the output. The number of control signals required depends on the number of input signals the multiplexer can handle.
| 3. What is the purpose of addressing in a multi-bit multiplexer? | |
Ans. Addressing in a multi-bit multiplexer refers to the process of selecting the desired input signal using control signals. The control signals act as addresses for the different input signals, allowing the multiplexer to access and output the correct data.
| 4. Can a multi-bit multiplexer handle different data sizes? | |
Ans. Yes, a multi-bit multiplexer can handle different data sizes. The number of input signals and the size of each input signal can vary based on the design of the multiplexer. It is important to ensure that the control signals are compatible with the data sizes to avoid any errors.
| 5. What are the advantages of using a multi-bit multiplexer? | |
Ans. Some advantages of using a multi-bit multiplexer include:
- Efficient use of resources: A multi-bit multiplexer allows multiple bits of data to be processed simultaneously, reducing the need for multiple single-bit multiplexers.
- Simplified circuit design: By using a multi-bit multiplexer, the complexity of the circuit can be reduced compared to using individual single-bit multiplexers.
- Flexibility: The number of input signals and the data sizes can be easily adjusted in a multi-bit multiplexer, making it suitable for various applications.
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