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Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - UPSC MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 questions and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus.The Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 MCQs are made for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 below.
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Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 1
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Consider the following assertions:

1. All democratic countries are likely to have a constitution.

2. All countries that have a constitution are necessarily democratic.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 1

  • Most countries in the world have a Constitution.All democratic countries are likely to have a Constitution but it is not necessary that all countries that have a Constitution are democratic.

  • A Constitution helps serve as a set of rules and principles that all persons in a country can agree upon as the basis of the way in which they want the country to be governed.This includes not only the type of government but also an agreement on certain ideals that they all believe the country should uphold.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 2
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Which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. In 1934, the Indian National Congress made the demand for a Constituent Assembly

2. Between December 1945 and November 1949, the Constituent Assembly drafted a constitution for independent India.

3. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was not a member of the Constituent Assembly.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 2

  • In 1934, the Indian National Congress made the demand for a Constituent Assembly. During the Second World War, this assertion for an independent Constituent Assembly formed only of Indians gained momentum and this was convened in December 1946.

  • Between December 1946 and November 1949, the Constituent Assembly drafted a constitution for independent India. The members of the Constituent Assembly approached this task with the great idealism that the freedom struggle had helped to produce. There was an extraordinary sense of unity amongst the members of the Constituent Assembly.

  • Each of the provisions of the future constitution was discussed in great detail and there was a sincere effort to compromise and reach an agreement through consensus. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was a prominent member of the Constituent Assembly.

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Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 3
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Which of the following are the purpose of the constitution?

1. It lays out certain ideals that form the basis of the kind of country.

2. It defines the nature of a country’s political system.

3. It prevents tyranny or domination by the majority over the minority.

4. It helps to save us from ourselves.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 3
The Constitution serves the following purposes.

1. The Constitution lays out certain ideals that form the basis of the kind of country that we as citizens aspire to live in i.e constitution tells us about the fundamental nature of our society.

2. The Constitution defines the nature of a country’s political system. For example countries that have adopted a democratic form of government or polity, the Constitution plays a crucial role in laying out certain important guidelines that govern decision making within these societies.

3. The Constitution ensures that a dominant group does not use its power against less powerful people or groups i.e it prevent tyranny or domination by the majority over minority.

4. The Constitution helps to save us from ourselves. This may sound strange but what is meant by this is that we might at times feel strongly about an issue that might go against our larger interests and the Constitution helps us guard against this. In other words, the Constitution helps to protect us against certain decisions that we might take that could have an adverse effect on the larger principles that the country believes in.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 4
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Which of the following are features of Indian Constitution?

1. Federalism

2. Parliamentary Form of Government

3. Fusion of Powers

4. Secularism

Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 4

Explanation:

1. Federalism: The Indian constitution establishes a federal structure of government, although it is described as 'union' due to its unique characteristics. It is a dual polity system, i.e. federal in nature, that is, the Union of India and the States.

2. Parliamentary Form of Government: The Indian Constitution provides for a parliamentary form of government, both at the Centre and in the States. The President is the constitutional head of state, but real executive power is vested in a Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.

3. Fusion of Powers: This is incorrect. The Indian Constitution follows the doctrine of Separation of Powers, albeit not strictly. Unlike the US where there is a strict separation of powers, India follows a parliamentary system where the legislature and the executive are closely linked and the judiciary is independent.

4. Secularism: The Indian Constitution is secular, which means that the state does not recognize any religion as the official religion. It treats all religions equally. The term ‘Secular’ was added to the Preamble by the 42nd amendment act of 1976.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 5
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With reference to Fundamental rights, consider the following statements:

1. They are referred to as the ‘conscience’ of the Indian Constitution.

2. They protect citizens against the arbitrary and absolute exercise of power by the State.

3. These rights are binding upon every authority that has got the power to make laws.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 5

  • Fundamental Rights has often been referred to as the ‘conscience’ of the Indian Constitution. Fundamental Rights protect citizens against the arbitrary and absolute exercise of power by the State.

  • The Constitution guarantees the rights of individuals against the State as well as against other individuals. Dr. Ambedkar has said about these Fundamental Rights, their object is two-fold. The first objective is that every citizen must be in a position to claim those rights.

  • And secondly, these rights must be binding upon every authority that has got the power to make laws.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 6
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Consider the following statements regarding the concept of Secularism.

1. The essence of secularism is that no one should be discriminated against on grounds of their religious practices and beliefs.

2. Secularism refers to the separation of religion from the State.

3. The Indian Constitution allows individuals the freedom to live by their religious beliefs and practices as they interpret these.

Which of the statements given above are NOT correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 6

  • The most important aspect of secularism is its separation of religion from State power. This is important for a country to function democratically.

  • The essence of secularism is that no one should be discriminated against on grounds of their religious practices and beliefs. This statement rests on the assumption that all forms of domination related to religion should end.

  • The Indian Constitution allows individuals the freedom to live by their religious beliefs and practices as they interpret these. In keeping with this idea of religious freedom for all, India also adopted a strategy of separating the power of religion and the power of the State.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 7
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Consider the following statements:

1. In India, government spaces like law courts, police stations, government schools and offices are not supposed to display or promote any one religion.

2. Government schools cannot promote any one religion either in their morning prayers or through religious celebrations.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 7

The Indian State takes various measures to prevent religious dominance. Firstly, it maintains a separation from religion, ensuring it is neither governed by a religious group nor endorses any particular faith. In India, government spaces such as law courts, police stations, schools, and offices are required to remain neutral regarding religion. Government schools are prohibited from promoting any religion, whether through morning prayers or religious celebrations. Hence both the statements are correct.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 8
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In what ways does the Indian State work to prevent religious domination?

1. Through a strategy of distancing itself from religion.

2. Through a strategy of intervention.

3. Through a strategy of Non-interference.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 8

  • The Indian State works in various ways to prevent religious Domination.

1. First, it uses a strategy of distancing itself from religion. The Indian State is not ruled by a religious group and nor does it support any one religion.

2. The second way in which Indian secularism works to prevent the above domination is through a strategy of non-interference.

3. The third way in which Indian secularism works to prevent the domination listed earlier is through a strategy of intervention.

  • For example when members of the same religion (‘upper-caste’ Hindus) dominate other members (some ‘lower castes’) within it, then to prevent this religion-based exclusion and discrimination of ‘lower castes’, the Indian Constitution bans untouchability. In this instance, the State is intervening in religion in order to end a social practice that it believes discriminates and excludes, and that violates the Fundamental Rights of ‘lower castes’ who are citizens of this country.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 9
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Consider the following statements:

1. The Indian Constitution grants the right to religious minorities communities to set up their own schools and colleges.

2. Indian governments can give financial aid to these religious communities on a non- preferential basis.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 9

- The Indian Constitution, through Article 30, allows religious and linguistic minorities to set up and manage their own educational institutions.
- Article 30(2) states that the government can provide financial aid to minority educational institutions without discrimination.
- These provisions ensure the preservation of minority cultures and encourage educational development among these groups.
- Therefore, both statements are correct, making option A the right choice

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 10
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Consider the following assertions:

1. There is the strict separation between religion and the State in American secularism.

2. In Indian secularism the State can intervene in religious affairs.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 10

  • There is one significant way in which Indian secularism differs from secularism as practised in the United States of America.Unlike the strict separation between religion and the State in American secularism, in Indian secularism the State can intervene in religious affairs.

  • Indian Constitution intervened in Hindu religious practices in order to abolish untouchability.

  • In Indian secularism, though the State is not strictly separate from religion it does maintain a principled distance vis-à-vis religion.This means that any interference in religion by the State has to be based on the ideals laid out in the Constitution.

  • These ideals serve as the standard through which we can judge whether the State is or is not behaving according to secular principles.

 

 

 

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 11
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Parliament of India consists of which of the following:

A. President

B. The Rajya Sabha

C. The Lok Sabha

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 11
The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India. It is a bicameral legislature composed of the President of India and the two houses: the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (House of the People).

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 12
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Consider the following assertions:

1. The take-off point for a democracy is the idea of consent.

2. It is the decision of people that creates a democratic government.

Which of the assertions given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 12

  • The take-off point for a democracy is the idea of consent, i.e. the desire, approval and participation of people. It is the decision of people that creates a democratic government and decides about its functioning.

  • The basic idea in this kind of democracy is that the individual or the citizen is the most important person and that in principle the government as well as other public institutions need to have the trust of these Citizens.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 13
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Consider the following statements with reference to Indian Parliament.

1. The Indian Parliament is an expression of the faith that the people of India have in principles of democracy.

2. The Parliament in our system has immense powers because it is the representative of the people.

Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 13
Created after 1947, the Indian Parliament is an expression of the faith that the people of India have in principles of democracy.These are participation by people in the decision-making process and government by consent.The Parliament in our system has immense powers because it is the representative of the people.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 14
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Which of the following are the functions of Parliament.

1. To Control, Guide and Inform the Government

2. To Select the National Government

3. Law-Making

Select the correct answer using the code given below

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3

(d) 3 only


Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 14

  • Once elections to the Parliament have taken place, the Parliament needs to perform the following functions:

A. To Select the National Government : After the Lok Sabha elections, a list is prepared showing how many MPs belong to each political party. For a political party to form the government, they must have a majority of elected MPs..e. 272 members or more

B. To Control, Guide and Inform the Government: The Parliament, while in session, begins with a question hour. This is a very important way through which the Parliament controls the executive.

C. Law-Making: Law-making is a significant function of Parliament.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 15
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Consider the following statements with respect to Rajya Sabha:

1. The Rajya Sabha functions primarily as the representative of the states of India in the Parliament.

2. The Rajya Sabha can also initiate legislation.

3. The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of various states.

4. There are 233 elected members in the Rajya Sabha.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 15

  • The Rajya Sabha functions primarily as the representative of the states of India in the Parliament. The Rajya Sabha can also initiate legislation and a bill is required to pass through the Rajya Sabha in order to become a law.

  • It, therefore, has an important role of reviewing and altering (if alterations are needed) the laws initiated by the Lok Sabha.The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of various states.

  • There are 233 elected members plus 12 members nominated by the President.

Hence, option d is correct.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 16
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Consider the following with respect to Question Hour:

1. The first hour of a sitting of Parliament is devoted to the Questions and this hour is called “the Zero Hour”.

2. The time immediately following the Zero Hour is known as"Question Hour"

3. During the Question Hour members can ask questions on every aspect of administration and Governmental activity

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 16

  • The Parliament, while in session, begins with a question hour.The first hour of a sitting of Parliament is devoted to the Questions and this hour is called the Question Hour.

  •  

    The time immediately following the Question Hour has come to be known as "Zero Hour". It has a special significance in the proceedings of the Parliament. Asking of questions is an inherent and unfettered parliamentary right of members.

  •  

    It is during the Question Hour that the members can ask questions on every aspect of administration and Governmental activity. The question hour is an important mechanism through which MPs can elicit information about the working of the government.

  •  

    This is a very important way through which the Parliament controls the executive. By asking questions the government is alerted to its shortcomings, and also comes to know the opinion of the people through their representatives in the Parliament, i.e. the MPs.

 

 

 

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 17
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With reference the Rule of Law, consider the following statements:

1. Members of the Constituent Assembly instituted several provisions in the Constitution that would establish the rule of law.

2. Rule of law means that all laws apply equally to all citizens of the country and no one can be above the law.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 17

  • Members of the Constituent Assembly were agreed there should be no arbitrary exercise of power in independent India. They, therefore, instituted several provisions in the Constitution that would establish the rule of law.

  • The most important of these was that all persons in independent India are equal before the law. The law cannot discriminate between persons on the basis of their religion, caste or gender.

  • What the rule of law means is that all laws apply equally to all citizens of the country and no one can be above the law. Neither a government official, nor a wealthy person nor even the President of the country is above the law.

  • Any crime or violation of law has a specific punishment as well as a process through which the guilt of the person has to be established.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 18
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Consider the following statements:

1. The Rowlatt Act allowed the British government to imprison people without due Trial.

2. In West Bengal, protests against this Act continued quite actively and two leaders of the movement, Dr Satyapal and Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew were arrested.

3. To protest these arrests, a public meeting was held at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, Punjab.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 18

  • The Rowlatt Act allowed the British government to imprison people without due trial. Indian nationalists including Mahatma Gandhi were vehement in their opposition to the Rowlatt bills.

  • Despite the large number of protests, the Rowlatt Act came into effect on 10 March 1919.In Punjab, protests against this Act continued quite actively and on April 10 two leaders of the movement, Dr Satyapal and Dr Saifuddin Kitchlew were arrested.

  • To protest these arrests, a public meeting was held on 13 April at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. General Dyer entered the park with his troops. They closed the only exit and without giving any warning General Dyer ordered the troops to fire.Several hundreds of people died in this gunfire and many more were wounded including women and children.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 19
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Consider the following statements:

1. Domestic violence refers to the injury or harm or threat of injury or harm caused by an adult male.

2. Abuse of the woman can include physical, verbal, sexual and economic abuse.

Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 19

  • Domestic violence refers to the injury or harm or threat of injury or harm caused by an adult male, usually the husband, against his wife. Injury may be caused by physically beating up the woman or by emotionally abusing her.

  • Abuse of the woman can also include verbal, sexual and economic abuse. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 extends the understanding of the term ‘domestic’ to include all women who ‘live or have lived together in a shared household’ with the male member who is perpetrating the violence.

Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 20
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With reference to The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005. Consider the following statements:

1. In 1999, Lawyers Collective, a group of lawyers, law students and activists, after nation-wide consultations took the lead in drafting the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Bill.

2. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act was introduced in Parliament in 2002 and the bill came into effect in 2006.

3. This is a criminal law aimed at providing relief to millions of women, including wives, mothers, daughters and sisters affected by violence in their homes.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Test: Class 8 Polity NCERT Based-1 - Question 20

  • In 1999, Lawyers Collective, a group of lawyers, law students and activists, after nation-wide consultations took the lead in drafting the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Bill.

  • This bill was widely circulated. However, The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act was introduced in Parliament in 2002 and the bill came into effect in 2006. This law is a first in recognising a woman’s right to a violence-free home and provides a comprehensive definition of domestic violence.This is a civil law aimed at providing relief to millions of women, including wives, mothers, daughters and sisters affected by violence in their homes.

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