Test: Reproduction in Plants - UPSC MCQ

• Scion is the detached living part of the plant which is grafted to the stalk by the process of grafting.
• Grafting is a horticulture technique where the living detached portion of the plant is used to regenerate the growth.
• One plant is selected for its roots and this is called the stock or rootstock. The other plant is selected for its stems, leaves, flowers, or fruits and is called the scion.
• The joining of scion and stalk is known as inosculation. The technique is mostly used in the asexual mode of reproduction. 
  
  

• Budding is a type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. The small bulb-like projection coming out from the yeast cell is called a bud.
• Organisms such as hydra use regenerative cells for reproduction in the process of budding.

• Explanation: Plants can reproduce through both sexual and asexual means. Asexual reproduction in plants does not involve the fusion of male and female gametes. Instead, new plants can grow from parts of the parent plant like roots, stems, or leaves. This method is different from sexual reproduction, where male and female gametes combine to form a new plant.
• Additional Fact: Some plants can even reproduce from just a single leaf or stem cutting, making it a fascinating way for plants to multiply without seeds.

Flowers are called bisexual if they bear both androecium and gynoecium.

In flowering plants, the ovary is the enlarged basal portion of the pistil, which is the female reproductive organ of a flower. The ovary contains ovules, which are structures that contain the female gametes or egg cells. After fertilization occurs, these ovules develop into seeds. The ovary itself undergoes further development and matures into a fruit, which protects the seeds and aids in their dispersal. So, the ovary plays a crucial role in the reproduction and propagation of flowering plants.

• Yes, it is true! Pollen grains are very light, so they can be carried by the wind or water to other flowers for pollination.
• This helps plants make seeds and grow new plants.

• The process of fusion of male and female gametes is called fertilization. 
• The fusion of male and female gametes, also known as sperm and ovary, usually occurs in the fallopian tube of the female reproductive system. The cell that results from the fusion of the gametes is called a zygote. 
• The zygote divides multiple times to form the embryo inside the seed.

• When new plants are grown through vegetative propagation, they take less time to grow and start flowering and fruiting earlier than plants grown from seeds.
• This means they can become mature plants more quickly and produce flowers and fruits sooner.

In flowering plants, male gamete is formed inside Anther present at the top of Stamen.

Flowers are the parts of a plant that help in making new plants. They play a big role in making more plants.

Flowers are colorful and fragrant to attract insects. Insects help in the process of pollination by carrying pollen from one flower to another. This helps plants reproduce and make seeds and fruits.