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Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - UPSC MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test - Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts

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Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 1
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What techniques did the painters of Murshidabad and Patna adapt from the British while making post cards?

Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 1

Towards the end of 18th century the water-colour drawings became the most widely used by British artists in India. Murshidabad was among the first new cities in the late 18th century where Indian painters painted pictures for the British and foreign tourists consumption.The most flourishing centre of the new Europeanised Indian painting, however, was Patna from the end of 18th century to about 1870 when the city lost its importance. The style reached there from Murshidabad when certain Kayastha artists moved in there.

Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 2
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Abanindranath Tagore and a new group of nationalist artists rejected the art of Ravi Verma because

Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 2

To formally choose someone to do a special piece of work, or to formally ask for a special piece of work from someone.
Example- The newspaper commissioned a series of articles on the worst excesses of the fashion industry.

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Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 3
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This great piece of work is by a painter from Europe who came to India in the mid- 1780s. Who painted this? 

Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 3

The artist of this painting is Johann Zoffany, a German-born painter who settled in England in 1760 after working in Rome.

Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 4
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From the two oil paintings given below by Johann Zoffany, what is the main inference that one can make about the lifestyle and attitude during Colonial India. 

 
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 5
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Name the Nawab who fought against the British Resident controlling the affairs of the state in the 1770s and later became a dependent pensioner of the East India Company
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 5
The Nawab who fought against the British Resident controlling the affairs of the state in the 1770s and later became a dependent pensioner of the East India Company was Muhammed Ali Khan.
Explanation:
- Muhammed Ali Khan was a Nawab who ruled over a princely state in the 1770s.
- He fought against the British Resident who was attempting to control the affairs of the state.
- However, he was eventually defeated by the British and had to surrender.
- As a result of his defeat, Muhammed Ali Khan became a dependent pensioner of the East India Company.
- This meant that he received a pension from the company in exchange for his submission and cooperation.
- The East India Company used such tactics to exert control over the rulers of Indian princely states.
- Muhammed Ali Khan's case was not unique, as many other Indian rulers also became dependent pensioners of the East India Company during this time.
- This allowed the British to maintain their influence and control over these states, ultimately leading to the colonization of India.
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 6
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Name the two European artists commissioned by Muhammed Ali Khan.
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 6
European Artists Commissioned by Muhammed Ali Khan:

The correct answer is option D: Tilly Kettle and George Willison. Muhammed Ali Khan, the ruler of the princely state of Arcot in India, commissioned several European artists to create portraits of himself and his family. Two of the most notable artists commissioned by him were Tilly Kettle and George Willison.


Here is a breakdown of the artists and their work:


Tilly Kettle:
- Tilly Kettle was an English portrait painter who was active in the late 18th century.
- He was known for his realistic and detailed portraits.
- Kettle was commissioned by Muhammed Ali Khan to paint several portraits, including one of the ruler himself.
- His portraits captured the likeness and personality of the subjects, and he was highly regarded for his skill in capturing details such as clothing and accessories.
George Willison:
- George Willison was a Scottish portrait painter who was active in the late 18th century.
- He was known for his elegant and refined portraits.
- Willison was also commissioned by Muhammed Ali Khan to create portraits of the ruler and his family members.
- His portraits were characterized by a delicate and graceful style, with a focus on capturing the sitter's facial expressions and gestures.

These two European artists played a significant role in preserving the visual history of Muhammed Ali Khan and his family. Their portraits provide valuable insights into the lives and personalities of the rulers of Arcot during that period.

Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 7
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Name the artist who painted this beautiful portrait of Muhammed Ali Khan of Arcot in 1775. 
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 8
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Name the third category of imperial art that existed during the colonial India
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 8
‘The Imperial Art’ that was prevalent in India during the British Colonial rule can be classified into three categories, namely Landscape painting, Portrait painting and History painting.
European artists came to India along with British Traders and rulers. New styles of painting were introduced by these artists. They began producing pictures of India which became widely popular in Europe and helped the Europeans understand India better.
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 9
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Name the artist who created this painting of Lord Clive meeting Mir Jafar after the Battle of Plassey. Considered to be first of the series of history paintings, this was placed on public display in the Vauzhall Gardens in London. 
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 10
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The painting The Storming of Seringapatnam portrayed the celebration of the British military triumph over Tipu Sultan. Name the painter of this important painting full of action and energy. 
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 10
Answer is kerr porter as he is the only painter of british at that time.
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 11
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This oil painting by David Wilkie in 1839 glorifies the British triumph over something. Name the occasion where General Sir David Baird seems to announce this is the fate of those who dare to oppose the British. 
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 12
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Tipu Sultan encouraged a special type of wall painting. What is this called as?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 12
Tipu Sultan and Mural Painting
Mural painting was the special type of wall painting encouraged by Tipu Sultan. Here is a detailed explanation of mural painting and its significance in Tipu Sultan's time:
1. Mural Painting:
- Mural painting is a form of artwork that involves painting directly on walls or large surfaces.
- It is a traditional art form that has been practiced for centuries and is often used to depict historical events, cultural themes, or religious stories.
- Mural paintings can be found in various settings such as temples, palaces, public buildings, and even on the exteriors of houses.
2. Tipu Sultan's Encouragement:
- Tipu Sultan, also known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India during the late 18th century.
- He was not only a military strategist but also a patron of arts and culture.
- Tipu Sultan encouraged the development and promotion of various art forms, including mural painting.
- He believed in the power of art to convey stories, preserve history, and inspire people.
3. Significance of Mural Painting in Tipu Sultan's Time:
- Mural painting was a popular art form during Tipu Sultan's rule, and it played a significant role in the cultural and artistic landscape of his kingdom.
- Mural paintings were often commissioned for the decoration of palaces, forts, and public buildings.
- These paintings depicted scenes from historical events, battles, and religious stories, showcasing the rich heritage and cultural identity of the region.
- Mural paintings also served as a means of visual communication, conveying important messages and ideas to the people.
4. Legacy of Tipu Sultan's Encouragement:
- Tipu Sultan's support for mural painting contributed to the preservation and promotion of this art form.
- Even today, the influence of Tipu Sultan's patronage can be seen in the surviving mural paintings in various parts of southern India.
- These paintings not only serve as a testament to the artistic achievements of that era but also provide valuable insights into the history and culture of the region.
In conclusion, Tipu Sultan encouraged mural painting, a form of wall painting that depicted historical events and cultural themes. This support for mural painting played a significant role in preserving the artistic and cultural heritage of his kingdom.
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 13
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The following mural painting depicts the celebration by Tipu Sultan and Haidar Ali after defeating the English troops. Name the battle that was fought in 1780. 
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 14
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The following image is a miniature copy by a local court painter of an oil painting by the visiting British artist G Farrington depicting a procession on the occasion of an important festival celebrated by the Muslims. Name the festival.
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 14
Yes, the correct answer is A- Id. As everyone in this picture are collected at mosque for their prayers (namaaz). People are hugging each other which shows that they are greeting each other and wishing 'Eid mubarak'. 
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 15
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From the following options available which one can be called a collection of Indo-European style of paintings made in India by Indian artists
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 15
Collection of Indo-European style paintings made in India by Indian artists:
The correct answer is A: Company Painting.
Company Painting refers to a collection of Indo-European style paintings made in India by Indian artists during the British colonial period. These paintings were commissioned by the British East India Company and were influenced by European art styles.
Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Company Painting:
- Company Painting is a term used to describe a genre of Indian paintings produced during the 18th and 19th centuries.
- These paintings were commissioned by the British East India Company and depict various aspects of Indian life and culture.
- They were influenced by European art styles, particularly the Mughal and Rajput traditions, resulting in a unique blend of Indian and Western artistic techniques.
2. British India Painting:
- British India Painting is a broader term that encompasses various styles of paintings produced during the British colonial period in India.
- While some of these paintings may have been influenced by European art, they do not exclusively represent the Indo-European style.
3. East India Painting:
- East India Painting is not a recognized term in the context of Indian art history.
- It does not specifically denote a collection of Indo-European style paintings made by Indian artists.
4. Indo-British Painting:
- Indo-British Painting generally refers to paintings that resulted from the interaction between Indian and British artists.
- While some of these paintings may have been made in the Indo-European style, it does not specifically denote a collection of such paintings made by Indian artists.
In conclusion, the correct answer is A: Company Painting, as it accurately represents a collection of Indo-European style paintings made in India by Indian artists during the British colonial period.
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 16
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Name the pilgrimage centre of the temple village around which the scroll painters and potters began developing a new style of art in Bengal.
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 16
In Bengal, around the pilgrimage centre of the temple of Kalighat, local village scroll painters potters began developing a new style of art. They moved from the surrounding villages into Calcutta in the early 19th century in the life of new patrons and new buyers of their art.
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 17
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What is the specialty of the early Kalighat paintings ?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 17
The specialty of the early Kalighat paintings is the use of a bold, deliberately non-realistic style, where the figures emerge large and powerful, with a minimum of lines, detail, and colors. This distinctive style sets them apart from other art forms of the time and gives them their unique character.
Here is a detailed explanation of the specialty of early Kalighat paintings:
Use of a bold, deliberately non-realistic style:
- The artists of the Kalighat School, which emerged in the mid-19th century in the vicinity of the Kali temple in Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), deliberately chose to deviate from the traditional realistic style of painting.
- They adopted a bold and simplified approach, emphasizing the essence of the subject matter rather than intricate details.
- This style allowed the figures to appear large and powerful, capturing the attention of the viewers.
Minimalist approach:
- The Kalighat painters used a minimum of lines, detail, and colors to depict their subjects.
- Instead of focusing on intricate patterns or realistic representations, they aimed to convey the essence and emotions of the characters.
- This minimalist approach created a sense of directness and immediacy in the paintings.
Unique character:
- The bold and non-realistic style of the early Kalighat paintings gave them a distinctive character.
- They stood out from the more refined and detailed traditional Indian miniature paintings and European academic styles of the time.
- The simplicity and directness of the Kalighat paintings appealed to the common people, making them popular and accessible.
In conclusion, the specialty of the early Kalighat paintings lies in their bold, deliberately non-realistic style, where the figures emerge large and powerful with a minimum of lines, detail, and colors. This unique approach sets them apart and contributes to their popularity and distinctiveness in the world of art.
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 18
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Identify this style of painting. This painting is a typical example of how Patuas depicted English life in India where hunting was considered as a sport that demonstrated courage and manliness 
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 19
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Name the important printing press set up at Calcutta in the late 19th century started by the middle class Indians, producing life like images of eminent Bengali personalities as well as mythological pictures.
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 19
Important Printing Press Set Up at Calcutta in the Late 19th Century: Calcutta Art Studio
The important printing press set up at Calcutta in the late 19th century, known for producing life-like images of eminent Bengali personalities as well as mythological pictures, was the Calcutta Art Studio.
Key Points:
- The Calcutta Art Studio was established by middle-class Indians in Calcutta during the late 19th century.
- This printing press specialized in producing high-quality, realistic images of notable Bengali personalities and mythological pictures.
- The studio played a significant role in capturing and promoting the cultural heritage and artistic expressions of Bengal.
- It contributed to the development and preservation of Bengali art and culture by producing prints that depicted famous personalities and mythological scenes.
- The Calcutta Art Studio's prints were highly sought after by art enthusiasts and collectors, both within Bengal and beyond.
- The studio's work helped popularize the artistic traditions of Bengal and showcased the talent and creativity of middle-class Indians.
- Through its prints, the Calcutta Art Studio contributed to the visual documentation of Bengali history, culture, and mythology.
- The studio's establishment and success exemplify the growing interest and participation of middle-class Indians in the field of art and printing during the late 19th century.
In conclusion, the important printing press set up at Calcutta in the late 19th century, known for producing life-like images of eminent Bengali personalities and mythological pictures, was the Calcutta Art Studio.
Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 20
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Following image is an advertisement of a popular Indian brand of a product /item that was banned by the British in 1905. This image was used to express nationalist ideas and inspire people against the British rule by the Calcutta art Studio. Guess the product/item. 
Detailed Solution for Important Questions Test: The Changing World of Visual Arts - Question 20

The advertisement was for a 'Handloom' brand.

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