Test: Rural Livelihoods - UPSC MCQ

 Dairy farming is a non-farm activity. Dairy farming is a class of enterprise, for long term production of milk, usually not only from dairy cows, but also from goats, sheep and camels, which may either be processed on-site or transported to a dairy factory for processing and eventual retail sale.
2. Some of the main non-farming activities are:
(i) Diary farming;

(ii) Small scale cottage industry;

(iii) Shop-keeping;

(iv) Transport;

(v) PCO.

• Man engaged in making iron goods tools, instruments etc: This description fits the role of a blacksmith, as blacksmiths work with iron to create various tools, equipment, and other iron goods.


• Labour: A labourer is a general term for a worker, but it does not specifically refer to someone who works with iron goods like a blacksmith does.


• Potter: A potter is someone who works with clay to create pottery, not iron goods.


• Teacher: A teacher is someone who educates others, which is not related to making iron goods like a blacksmith.


• Blacksmith: The correct answer is blacksmith, as they are skilled workers who specialize in forging iron into various tools, instruments, and other products.

Paddy, maize, soyabean, groundnut and cotton are kharif crops. (ii) Rabi Crops : The crops grown in the winter season (October to March) are called rabi crops.

• Selling milk in nearby village: Many people in rural areas rely on selling milk from their dairy cows to nearby villages as a source of income.



• Animal husbandry: Keeping livestock such as cows, goats, or chickens is a common source of livelihood for people in rural areas. They can sell meat, milk, eggs, or other products from these animals.



• Fishing: In areas near water bodies like rivers, lakes, or ponds, fishing can be a significant source of income for people in rural areas. They can sell the fish they catch to earn a living.



• Selling goods in Malls: Selling goods in malls is typically not a common source of livelihood for people in rural areas. Rural communities usually do not have access to malls, and most people engage in agriculture-related activities for their livelihood instead.

Therefore, option D, selling goods in malls, is not a typical source of livelihood for people in rural areas.

• Purchase seeds: Farmers often need loans to purchase high-quality seeds for planting their crops.


• Purchase Fertilisers: Fertilisers are essential for improving soil fertility and crop yield, so farmers may need loans to buy them.


• Purchase Pesticides: Pesticides help protect crops from pests and diseases, so farmers may need loans to purchase them.

• Tourism: Taking a loan for tourism is not a common reason for farmers as it is not directly related to their agricultural activities and may not contribute to their farming operations.

The correct answer is B as Madhya pradesh state is not close to coast. It is in centre of the country.

• Given Information: Ramalingam has 40 acres of land.


• Options:




• Option A: 40 acres - Incorrect


• Option B: 50 acres - Incorrect


• Option C: 20 acres - Incorrect


• Option D: 30 acres - Incorrect




• Correct Answer: Option C: 20 acres

Therefore, Ramalingam has 20 acres of land, as per the given options. The correct answer is option C.

• Definition: Landless workers are individuals who work on land but do not own any land themselves. They typically work as agricultural laborers or in other land-based occupations.


• Socio-economic status: Landless workers often belong to the lower socio-economic strata of society and may face challenges such as low wages, lack of job security, and limited access to resources.


• Dependency: Landless workers are dependent on landowners for employment and may be vulnerable to exploitation or unfair treatment due to their lack of land ownership.


• Impact: The presence of a large number of landless workers in an economy can indicate issues related to land distribution, wealth inequality, and access to opportunities.


• Policies: Governments and organizations may implement policies and programs aimed at supporting landless workers, such as land reforms, social welfare schemes, and skill development initiatives.

Ramalingam's wife is the supervisor of the field.

This chapter belongs to the civics subject people living in the rural area.

Irrigation is the process of applying controlled amounts of water to plants at needed intervals.