Ancient Indian History - MCQ Test 2 - UPSC MCQ

Sita- Adhyaksha

Explanation: Kunyadhyaksha - Officer of the
forest matters

Yuvaraj - Officials belonging to the royal family

Ayudhadhyaksha - Officer of weapon manufacturing and

Pratihara or Dauwarika - Gatekeeper of the royal palace,
eceep en king s co~rt and frontie~ .checkpost. Pautavadhyaksha - Officer for weights and
measurement

Antaravedlka or Antaryamrsika - Head of the harem-guards

Milnadhyaksha - Officer of time and place determining

Samaharta - Collector of revenue department Sannidhata - Head of treasury
Shulkadhyaksha - Officer of the department
relating to

Prashasti - Head of prisons royal income, punishment, etc.

Pradestri - Equivalent to modern day comnussiOner

Sutradhyaksha - Officer of the textile department

Nayaka - Head of the city security
Sitadhyaksha - Manager of the royal fanning Paur - Kotwal of city
Suradhyaksha - Officer of the custom
department

Vyabaharika - Chief judge

Sunadhyaksha - Officer of the slaughter-house Knrmantika - Head of industries and factories
Mudradhyaksha - Officer of the royal symbol,
coin and

Milntriparishad adhyaksha - Head of the council of min- passport department

isters
Vivitadhyaksha - Officer of the pastureland Dandapala - Head of police and disciplinary
department -

Dyutadhyaksha - Officer of the gambling department
Durgapala - Head of the royal fort Bandhanagaradhyaksha - Officer of the prison
department

Navadhyaksha - Inspector of animal husbandry production of grains. (xxiii)Naukadhyaksha - Officer of the shipping department Of these tirthas, the posts of mantrin, purohita, senapati and
Pattanadyaksha - Officer of the ports Ganikadhyaksha - Officer of the brothels 29
Adhyakshas (xxvi)Sansthadhyaksha - Manager
of the trad~

Koshadhyaksha - Treasury officer

Sainya Vibhagadhyaksha - Officers of infantry, cavalry,
 
Akaradhyaksha - Mining officer elephants, and chariot departments..
Lauhadhyaksha - Metallurgy officer Devatadhyaksha - Officer ~f the religtous
mstitutions

Lakshanadhyaksha - Officer of the coin- minting

Gaudhyaksha - Officer of arumal husbandry
 

Nirvana, the state to which all Buddhists aspire, is the cessation of desire and hence the end of suffering. Nirvana in Sanskrit means "the blowing out." It is understood as the extinguishment of the flame of personal desire, the quenching of the fire of life.

Bliss of the Buddhist nirvana

Nirvana is a place of perfect peace and happiness, like heaven. In Hinduism and Buddhism, nirvana is the highest state that someone can attain, a state of enlightenment, meaning a person's individual desires and suffering go away.

Elephanta 

Explanation: Trimurti is considered the most important sculpture of Elephanta and is described as a ‘masterpiece of Gupta- Chalukyan art’. It is placed at the back of the cave facing the entrance, on the north-south axis and is also known as Maheshmurti or Trimurti Sadashiva. The three-headed image of Shiva is of a height of 20 ft and represents Panchamukha Shiva. Creation, destruction and protection are the three essential aspects that are represented by the three heads of Shiva.

Correct option is B. Nalanda

Vindhyashakti (c. 250 – c. 270 CE) was the founder of the Vakataka dynasty. His name is derived from the name of the goddess Vindhya.

Astronomy

Explaination: Varahamihira also called Varahaor Mihir, was an Indian astronomer, mathematician, and astrologer who lived in Ujjain. He was born in Avanti region, roughly corresponding to modern-day Malwa

Answer :

 Kanishka 

The great silk-route to the Indians was opened by Kaniskha. Silk Route was established during the reign of Han Dynasty of China. It connects China with East Europe Mediterranean countries and Central Asia, passing through India.

James Prinsep who held a high rank in the service of the British Eash India Company in Bengal, was the first to decipher edicts of Ashoka. He deciphered Brahmi script in 1838. Prinsep found that on most of the earliest inscriptions and coins, there is a mention of a king referred to as 'Piyadasa' meaning 'pleasant to behold'. On some inscriptions, the king is named as Ashoka. The deciphering to the Brahmi script by Prinsep provided a new direction to investigations into early Indian political history.

Answer : The Ajanta Caves constitute ancient monasteries and worship-halls of different Buddhist traditions carved into a 75-metre (246 ft) wall of rock. The caves also present paintings depicting the past lives and rebirths of the Buddha, pictorial tales from Aryasura's Jatakamala, and rock-cut sculptures of Buddhist deities.

Ajanta is 100 kilometres (62 miles) from the Ellora Caves, which contain Hindu, Jain and Buddhist caves, the last dating from a period similar to Ajanta. The Ajanta style is also found in the Ellora Caves and other sites such as the Elephanta Caves, Aurangabad Caves, Shivleni Caves and the cave temples of Karnataka.^[21]