Science MCQ Test 1 - UPSC MCQ

Biological insecticide

Explanation: Bacillus thuringiensis (or Bt) is a Gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, commonly used as a biological insecticide.

Methane

Explanation: The major constituent of biogas is methane (55-70%), CO2 (30-45%) and some traces of gases such as H2S and ammonia.

Sriharikota

Explanation: Launch date: July 1, 2013Launch mass: 1,380 kgLaunch site: Satish Dhawan Space CentreOperator: Indian Space Research OrganisationManufacturers: Indian Space Research Organisation Satellite Centre, Space Applications Centre

Cytokines

Explanation: Cell lysis is the first step in cell fractionation, organelle isolation and protein extraction and purification.

All of the above

Explanation: PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)is a revolutionary method developed by Kary Mullis in the 1980s. PCR is based on using the ability of DNA polymerase to synthesize new strand of DNA complementary to the offered template strand.

Adrenaline

Explanation: Adrenalin is called an emergency hormone because your body quickly produces and releases this when you are in an emergency situation

Cinchona Calisaya

Explanation: Quinine is obtained from the bark of the Cinchona tree that is found in the Andes mountain range of Peru and Ecuador. The Peruvian Indians used an infusion of Cinchona bark to treat fever and consequently it was discovered to be an effective treatment and preventative for malaria.

Fungus

Explanation: Brown spot is a fungal disease that infects the coleoptile, leaves, leaf sheath, panicle branches, glumes, and spikelets. Its most observable damage are the numerous big spots on the leaves which can kill the whole leaf. When infection occurs in the seed, unfilled grains or spotted or discolored seeds are formed.

Cellulose

Explanation: Cellulose is the most abundant biomass on Earth .It is the primary product of photosynthesis in terrestrial environments and the most abundant renewable bioresource produced in the biosphere

Compensatory return for the environmental services rendered by the state

Explanation: Green Bonus is a new term in the environmental parlance denoting the money which is to be given for the effort made by a country, state or community for preservation of green cover. It is a compensation to be given to the people for the sacrifices they have made in preserving the green cover, which not only benefits them, but also benefits others nearby and humanity as a whole.

Ultraviolet radiation

Explanation: Ozone and oxygen molecules in the stratosphere absorb ultraviolet light from the sun, providing a shield that prevents this radiation from passing to the earth's surface. While both oxygen and ozone together absorb 95 to 99.9% of the sun's ultraviolet radiation, only ozone effectively absorbs the most energetic ultraviolet light, known as UV-C and UV-B, which causes biological damage.

 Green alga

Explanation: Lichens have been described as "dual organisms" because they are symbiotic associations between two (or sometimes more) entirely different types of microorganism -a fungus (termed the mycobiont)a green alga or a cyanobacterium (termed the photobiont).

Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

Explanation: Almost 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium.