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Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - UPSC MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Applications of Nuclear Power

Test: Applications of Nuclear Power for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Test: Applications of Nuclear Power questions and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus.The Test: Applications of Nuclear Power MCQs are made for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power below.
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Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 1
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Which radioisotope is widely used in diagnostic nuclear medicine due to its short half-life and low radiation dose to patients?

Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 1
Technetium-99m is widely used in diagnostic nuclear medicine due to its short half-life of six hours and its ability to provide images of various bodily processes with a low radiation dose to patients. This radioisotope is commonly used to indicate tumors and study the functioning of organs such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys.
Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 2
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Which consumer product commonly utilizes the natural properties of radioisotopes for its functionality?

Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 2
Smoke detectors commonly utilize the natural properties of radioisotopes. They contain a small amount of americium-241, a decay product of plutonium-241, which emits alpha particles. These alpha particles ionize the air and interrupt an electrical current when smoke enters the detector, triggering the alarm.
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Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 3
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What is the primary purpose of using radioisotopes in agriculture?

Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 3
The primary purpose of using radioisotopes in agriculture is to enhance food production. Radioisotopes are used in plant mutation breeding, a process that exposes plant seeds or cuttings to radiation to induce mutations, resulting in plants with desirable traits. This technology has significantly increased crop yields in various regions, contributing to food security and improved nutrition. Radioisotopes are also used in food irradiation to kill bacteria, increase shelf life, and control pests in food products.
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How are sterile insects used in agriculture to control pest populations?
Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 4
Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) involves rearing large populations of insects that are sterilized through irradiation and then introducing these sterile insects into natural populations. The sterile insects remain sexually competitive but cannot produce offspring, effectively reducing pest populations. SIT is an environmentally-friendly pest management approach that has been successfully applied in agriculture for many years.
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What is the primary purpose of using radioisotopes in industrial processes?
Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 5
The primary purpose of using radioisotopes in industrial processes is to monitor fluid flow, detect leaks, and gauge engine wear and the integrity of process equipment. Radioisotopes are used as tracers to study the mixing and flow rates of various materials in industrial settings.
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How does food irradiation using gamma rays contribute to food safety and shelf life?
Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 6
Food irradiation using gamma rays contributes to food safety and shelf life by killing bacteria that can cause food-borne diseases. This process helps reduce spoilage and extends the shelf life of food products, particularly in hot and humid regions.
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What is the main advantage of sterilizing medical products using gamma radiation over heat sterilization?
Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 7
The main advantage of sterilizing medical products using gamma radiation is that it can be done after packaging. Unlike heat sterilization, which may damage heat-sensitive items, gamma radiation sterilization allows for the sterilization of packaged medical products without compromising their integrity. This method has a significant impact on ensuring the sterility of medical supplies.
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In the context of agriculture, what is the primary function of plant mutation breeding using radiation?
Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 8
The primary function of plant mutation breeding using radiation is to induce desirable traits in plants. Radiation exposure, such as gamma rays, is used to cause mutations in plant seeds or cuttings. These mutations can lead to the development of plants with improved characteristics, such as higher crop yields or resistance to pests.
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What is the main benefit of using nuclear power in submarines and nuclear-powered ships?
Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 9
The main benefit of using nuclear power in submarines and nuclear-powered ships is that it allows for longer periods at sea without the need for refueling. Nuclear reactors provide a long-lasting and reliable source of propulsion, making them suitable for vessels that require extended missions and operational endurance.
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In the field of nuclear medicine, what is the primary purpose of using radioactive iodine (I-131)?
Detailed Solution for Test: Applications of Nuclear Power - Question 10
The primary purpose of using radioactive iodine (I-131) in nuclear medicine is to treat cancer and thyroid conditions. Radioactive iodine is selectively taken up by the thyroid gland, allowing for targeted radiation therapy to treat thyroid cancer and certain thyroid conditions.
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