Physical Geography- 1 - UPSC Geography Free MCQ Test with solutions

• Tripura is one of the seven states in the northeastern part of India with a geographical area of 10,491 km². It is located in the south-west extreme corner of the north-eastern region, between latitudes 22°57' and 24°33' N and longitudes 91°10' and 92°20' E. The state is situated between the river valley of Myanmar and Bangladesh, and is bounded by Bangladesh on the north, west, south and southeast; in the east, it has a common boundary with Assam and Mizoram. The tropic of cancer passes through the state.
• Tripura is a landlocked state and its geographical limits touch both national and international boundaries. Its length of the international boundary line with Bangladesh measures 839 km. Its national boundaries with Assam and Mizoram measure 53 km and 109 km respectively.
• According to the census 2011, Out of total population, 73.83% of population lives in Urban area and 26.17% lives in Rural area. There are 17.83% Scheduled Caste (SC) and 31.76% Scheduled Tribe (ST) of total population in Tripura. Tripura/Tripuri, Riang, Jamatia, Noatia, Uchai, Chakma, Mog, Lushai, Kuki, Halam, Munda, Kaur, Orang, Santal, Bhil, Bhutia, Chaimal, Garo, Khasia, and Lepcha are the tribes situated in Tripura.
• Humidity is generally high throughout the year. In the summer season, the relative humidity is varied from 50 percent to 74 percent whereas, in the rainy season, it is over 85 percent.
• The Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary, 111 km from Agartala is famous for its rich variety of flora and fauna. Occupying an area of 197.7 sq km, it was established in 1988. The vegetation of the sanctuary consists of four types of forest – the tropical semi-evergreen forest, the east Himalayan lower Bhanar Sal, the Moist mixed deciduous forest and the Savanah woodland.
• Some of the major attractions of the sanctuary are the Indian Gaur (Bison), Deer, Hoolock Gibbon, Golden langur, Pheasants, Lalmukh Bandar, Wild Boar, Wild Cat and Leopard. It is also home to a great variety of reptiles and different species of resident and migratory birds. Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.
• The sanctuary is also home to the last surviving populations of spectacle monkeys.

• Telangana is a semi-arid area and has a predominantly hot and dry climate. The State of Telangana is endowed with a rich diversity of Flora and Fauna. The State has dense Teak Forests on the northern part along the banks of river Godavari. The State of Telangana is endowed with a rich diversity of Flora and Fauna. Medaram Jatara is the second-largest fair in India after the Kumbh Mela, celebrated by the second- largest Tribal Community of Telangana, the Koya tribe, for four days. The Medaram Jathara festival is held every two years in Medaram Village of Tadvai Mandal, deep in the heart of the thick forests of Mulugu district. This Jatara was declared a State Festival in 1998.
• The tribals offer prayers at the bamboo grove and bring back a casket of vermillion and bamboo sticks wrapped in red cloth, symbolising the return of Sammakka and Sarakka (Adivasi icons - protectors of the community). The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is located near Paloncha town in the Khammam district. It has plentiful land that serves as the native land for several endangered species. This Sanctuary got its name after the river Kinnerasani divides the Sanctuary and meets Godavari. The fauna found in this Sanctuary is Panthers, Chinkara, Chousinghas, Sambar, Cheetal, Gaurs, Hyena, Jackals, WildBoars, Tigers, Sloth Bear, and Black Bucks. Tourists can also spot birds like Jungle Fowl, Quails, Partridges, Peafowl, Nuktas, Spoonbills, Teals, and Doves. So, Option (c) is correct.

Rohtang Pass is a high mountain pass on the eastern end of the Pir Panjal Range of the Himalayas, around 51 km from Manali in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It connects the Kullu Valley with the Lahaul and Spiti Valleys of Himachal Pradesh, India. Rohtang Pass is one of the most spectacular natural delights in India. It is a gateway to the picturesque Spiti Valley, home to the famous Pin Valley National Park and numerous Buddhist Monasteries. So, Pair 1 is correct.

Umling La or Umlung La is a mountain pass in Ladakh, India, on the ridgeline between Koyul Lungpa and the Indus River near Demchok. It connects Leh to the Pangong Lake. At an elevation of 5,640 metres, it forms the source for the Umlung stream that drains into the Indus and a tributary of the Kiungdul River that drains into Koyul Lungpa. Under “Project Himank”,the highest motorable road in the world is being constructed in the Umling La Pass, located at an altitude of 19,300ft. So, Pair 2 is not correct.

Bomdila is a high mountain pass at an elevation of 2.608m (8,556 ft) above the sea level, located in the state of Arunachal Pradesh in India. It is the headquarters of West Kameng District. The place is inhabited by tribes like Aka (Hrusso), Miji (Sajalong), Monpa, Sherdukpen, and Khawas. So, Pair 3 is not correct.

Nathu La, one of the highest motorable roads in the world, is a mountain pass in the Himalayan peaks that co-joins Sikkim and China. Situated on the Indo-Tibetan border 14450 ft. above sea level, Nathu La is one of the most important Himalayan passes in the country. Nathu means 'listening ears,' and La means 'pass.' Located on the Old Silk Route, Nathu La Pass connects Sikkim to China's Tibet Autonomous Region. It was sealed for almost 4 decades after the People's Republic of China suppressed a Tibetan uprising in 1959. So, Pair 4 is correct.

Only three - Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Manipur share land boundaries with Myanmar.

Tripura does not share a border with Myanmar; its international boundary is only with Bangladesh, while it borders other Indian states internally.

Arunachal Pradesh has a long eastern boundary with Myanmar. Nagaland shares an eastern international boundary with Myanmar. Manipur also shares a border with Myanmar (the Moreh-Tamu crossing is a notable border point).

Therefore, exactly three of the listed states share a land boundary with Myanmar.

The Northern Plains are extremely fertile due to alluvial deposits brought by rivers.