KVS PRT Mock Test - 7 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

Explanation:

The correct answer is C: Get along.

Phrasal verbs are verb phrases that consist of a main verb and a preposition or adverb, which together create a specific meaning different from the main verb on its own. In this case, the phrase "get along" means to have a harmonious or friendly relationship with someone.

- A: Get off - This phrasal verb means to leave or disembark from a vehicle or place, and it is not suitable for the context provided.
- B: Get away - This phrasal verb means to escape or go on vacation, which also doesn't fit the context.
- C: Get along - This is the correct answer because it refers to having a good relationship with someone, as mentioned earlier.
- D: Get down - This phrasal verb means to dance or feel depressed, and it is not relevant to the given context.

The correct order will be:
People → of all professions (R)→ went to him (Q)→ for medicine and treatment (S)→ at his dispensary.(P)

दिए गए सभी विकल्पों में सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 ‘वर्तमान काल’ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर होंगे।

Key Points

• क्रियाओं के होने की निरंतरता का बोध वर्तमान काल में होता है।
• क्रिया के जिस रूप से वर्तमान समय में मौजूद कोई स्थिति या किसी घटना के होने का संकेत मिलता है उसे 'वर्तमान काल' कहते हैं।
• जिन वाक्यों के अंत में ता, ती, ते, हैं, है, आते हैं, वह वर्तमाना काल होता है।
• जैसे- वह आता है। मैंने मिठाई खाई है।

Additional Information

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) performs functions related to banking operations regulation and foreign exchange management, among other responsibilities.

To restrict the values of a cell so that only whole numbers between 9 and 99 can be entered, you can use the Data Validation feature in Excel. Here's how you can do it:
1. Select the cell or range of cells where you want to apply the restriction.
2. Go to the Data tab in the Excel ribbon.
3. Click on the Data Validation button in the Data Tools group.
4. In the Data Validation dialog box, select the Settings tab.
5. In the Allow dropdown menu, choose the Whole number option.
6. In the Data dropdown menu, choose the between option.
7. Enter 9 in the Minimum field and 99 in the Maximum field.
8. Optionally, you can provide an Error message and an Input message to guide users when they try to enter values outside the specified range.
9. Click on the OK button to apply the data validation.
Now, the selected cell(s) will only accept whole numbers between 9 and 99. If a user tries to enter a value outside this range, an error message will be displayed.
Note: This data validation rule will be applied to the selected cell(s) only. If you want to apply it to other cells or ranges, you will need to repeat the above steps for each of them.

Device Required for Internet Connection:
There are several devices required for an internet connection, but the specific device mentioned in the question is a modem. Here is a detailed explanation of why a modem is required for an internet connection:
1. What is a Modem?
A modem is a device that connects your computer or network to the internet. It acts as a bridge between your local network and the internet service provider (ISP).
2. Functions of a Modem:
A modem performs several important functions in establishing an internet connection:
- Signal Conversion: A modem converts digital signals from your computer into analog signals that can be transmitted over the telephone or cable lines. It also converts analog signals received from the ISP back into digital signals that your computer can understand.
- Transmission: The modem sends and receives data over the communication line, allowing you to access the internet.
- Authentication: Modems authenticate your connection to the ISP, ensuring that you are a valid user and have the necessary credentials to access the internet.
- IP Address Assignment: Modems assign IP addresses to devices connected to your network, enabling them to communicate with other devices on the internet.
3. Types of Modems:
There are different types of modems based on the type of internet connection:
- Dial-up Modem: This type of modem uses a telephone line to establish a connection. It is an older technology and is relatively slow compared to other types of modems.
- DSL Modem: DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) modems use existing telephone lines to provide high-speed internet access.
- Cable Modem: Cable modems connect to a cable TV line to provide high-speed internet access. They are commonly used in residential and commercial settings.
- Fiber Optic Modem: Fiber optic modems use fiber optic cables to transmit data at extremely high speeds. They are known for their reliability and fast internet speeds.
In conclusion, a modem is an essential device required for an internet connection. It allows your computer or network to communicate with the ISP and access the internet.

Computers are an effective tool for teaching and learning processes. There are numerous advantages of having a computer in a classroom, including the potential to provide more interesting activities for kids and the opportunity to create more personalized teaching.

Key Points

• Computers in the classroom are becoming more common and they can be utilized to assist students to share work, participate in numerous activities, allow real-time communication to enhance or expand lessons and gain information.
• Computers are enjoyable and most students learn and retain more information when they are having "fun while studying". It encourages hands-on activities in the classroom.
• Using computers to aid classroom teaching benefits both, students and teachers by allowing teachers to impart more knowledge to their students.
• "Audiovisual experiences" make learning more persistent and durable because of the use of more sense organs i.e. when a child learns through maximum use of his sense organs, his knowledge becomes permanent.

Hence, we can conclude that teachers use computers in the classroom to provide enriched audio-visual experiences.

Hint 

• The teachers may use a computer to avoid paperwork and to assess the progress of children but they never use a computer to show that they are techno-savvy.
• But the most important reason for using a computer in the classroom by a teacher is to provide enriched audio-visual experiences to children to facilitate their process of learning.

Lev Vygotsky is a Russian Psychologist who proposed the theory of Socio-cultural development. In this theory, Vygotsky emphasizes the role of society and culture in the development of the child. According to him, there are three main needs for the development of the child and these are- Social interaction, Culture, and Language.

Key PointsVygotsky also proposed three basic needs of students during learning, these are: ZPD (zone of proximal development), Scaffolding, MKO (more knowledgeable others)

• Scaffolding: Scaffolding is the term, given by Vygotsky, in which he proposed that the temporary help given by the teachers, family, friends, etc. to the children in his learning. 
• Thus we can conclude that according to Vygotsky, scaffold children’s thinking is a primary role of the teacher.

Important Points

• ZPD (zone of proximal development):  The difference between the learning of a child by self and the learning of a child with the help of others(society, culture, etc).
• MKO (more knowledgeable others)- Vygotsky defined the “More Knowledgeable Other” (MKO) as anyone who has a better understanding or a higher ability level than the learner, particularly in regards to a specific task, concept, or process. MKO could be teachers, parents, tutors, and even peers.

Hint

•  Learning should not be based on memorization. Memorization makes negative impact on student's learning.

Additional Information  According to Vygotsky, there are three main factors that affect the learning of the child and these are- Social interaction, Culture, and Language:

• Social interaction: ​​Children try to interact with people.
  • Example: Peer groups, family members, etc.
• Culture: ​Children adopt the culture by interaction. 
• Language: Children can easily intimate their primary language through interaction or communication.

Play way method is first originated by 'H.Caldwell Cook' and later popularized by 'Friedrich Froebel' in the world. It ensures the understanding of the subject to make learning more effective.

Key Points

• It is based on psychological principles of development and growth because the growth (physical changes) and development (overall changes, structure, and shape) of an individual can take place while learning through play.
• The play-way method is a complete package that enables the overall development of the child by developing in terms of feelings, intellect, and skills parameters.
• It not only focuses on subjective development but the emotional development of the child as well.
• In this method, playing acts as the driving force as the entire learning method revolves around activity-based learning. It encourages expression and creative skills among children.

Important Points

Play way method is a method of teaching for lower classes that emphasizes upon:

• enabling the overall development of the child.
• providing children with rich, meaningful and balanced learning.

• removing the monotonous classroom environment by incorporating appropriate games.

• promoting the psychological principle of development and growth to keep the child fit and fight diseases.

Hence, it could be concluded that in lower classes, the play-way method of teaching is based on 'Psychological principles of development and growth'.

Development describes the growth of humans throughout their lifespan, from conception to death. Development does not just involve qualitative development and quantitative development, but also the cognitive and social aspects associated with development. The scientific study of human development seeks to understand and explain how and why people change throughout life.

Key Points

All Areas of Human Development: The nature of development is all-around development.

• Physical Development: It involves studying those aspects of our body that are responsible for physical development such as the brain, nervous system, genes, hormones and availability of nutrition, etc.
• Cognitive Development: The focus of this area is to understand how intellectual capacity changes with growth and physical changes.
• Personality Development: This area studies the development or change in one’s personality throughout the lifespan. Further, it aims at understanding the individual differences among people w.r.t. their personality structure.
• Social Development: Under this area, psychologists attempts to understand how people interact with other people and forms relationship with each other. It also focuses on those factors that affect social development.

Hence, we can conclude that the nature of development depends upon all-around development.

Learning is a process through which an individual goes through qualitative changes in comparison to what has been conceived by him or her earlier in life. 

Key Points 

• Development, by contrast, refers to qualitative changes taking place simultaneously with quantitative changes of growth. It may be defined as a progressive series of orderly, coherent changes.
• The organism does not simply live in the environment but is also acted upon by it. In turn, the organism also acts upon the environment. All such action-reaction behaviors involve changes and modifications in the organism. This kind of change or modification is termed ‘learning’.  

Important Points

 Relationship between development and learning:-

• The processes of child development are independent of learning. 
• Few believe that learning leads to development whereas others believe that development leads to learning.
• It merely utilizes the achievements of development rather than providing an impetus for modifying its course. 
• Development and learning affect each other:- Learning and development as the same, or at least indistinguishable. In this view, learning is the mastery of conditioned responses, the acquisition of the range of habits and behavioral tendencies.
• Learning and Development are parallel processes:- Learning awakens the developmental process through social interactions with peers and teachers. They both are parallel processes.

Thus, it is concluded that  Development and learning affect each other, and Learning and Development are parallel processes that are the best statements that summarize the relationship between development and learning.

Learners face significant difficulties in acquiring and rising their abilities in speaking, acquiring and their abilities for speaking, listening with understanding, reading, writing, paying attention, and motor abilities disabilities.

Key Points Speech disorders may range from problems with expression or voice strength to complete voicelessness, chronic hoarseness, stuttering, or stammering, defect in pronunciation, defect in speaking sentences correctly, slurring, and lisping.

• Speech difficulties can also be associated with cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, and brain injury.
• Children with speech difficulties may have difficulty understanding and have difficulty in expressing ideas.
• Mental Retardation hearing Impairment and behavioral disorders may cause delayed speech.
• Auditory and speech training will be given to the child in the resource room.
• Avoid criticizing them for speaking faulty language. They should be gently encouraged to speak correctly.
• Use linguistic scaffolding techniques that involve a series of questions.
• Most such defects can be cured if early action is taken.
• Teachers should focus on interactive communication.

Thus, it is concluded that depletion of energy is not a common speech disorder in childhood.

Learning Disability is an umbrella term that encompasses a variety of specific kinds of learning problems. Children with learning disabilities experience difficulty in learning and using certain skills namely reading, writing, listening reasoning, and mathematics. 

Key Points

Learning disability is often identified by 

• School psychologists, clinical psychologists, and neuropsychologists through a combination of intelligence testing, academic achievement testing.
• Classroom performance, social interaction, and aptitude.
• Other areas of assessment include perception, cognition, memory, attention, and language abilities. The resulting information is used to determine whether a child is achieving at his / her potential. 

Additional Information

Learning disability is a syndrome found in children of normal or above intelligence characterized by specific difficulties in learning to- 

NOTE:

Characteristics of learning disabled (LD) children-

• Hyperactivity
• Perceptual motor impairments
• Emotional liability (frequent shifts in the emotional mood)
• General coordination deficits
• Attention disorders (short attention span distractibility, perseverance)
• Impulsivity
• Specific academic problems ( reading, writing, arithmetic, spelling)
• Speech and hearing disorders

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that you identify a child with a learning disability by administering intelligence tests. 

Cognitive Disability is very broad, with a variety of medical conditions affecting the cognitive ability of a person, including various intellectual or cognitive deficits (e.g. intellectual disability), various specific conditions (e.g. specific learning disability), and problems acquired later in life through acquired brain injuries or neurodegenerative diseases like dementia. In loose terms, a person with a cognitive disability has greater difficulty with completing one or more types of mental tasks than the average person.

Important Points

Savant syndrome:- Savant syndrome is a rare, but extraordinary, condition in which persons with serious mental disabilities, including autistic disorder, have some ‘island of genius’ which stands in marked, incongruous contrast to overall handicap.

• It is a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.
• As many as one in 10 persons with autistic disorder have such remarkable disabilities in varying degrees, although savant syndrome occurs in other developmental disabilities.
• Whatever the savant skill, it is always linked to massive memory. 
• Examples include performing rapid mental calculations of huge sums, playing lengthy musical compositions from memory after a single hearing, and repairing complex mechanisms without training. About 10 per cent of autistic people exhibit savant syndrome and are known as autistic savants. Non-autistic intellectually disabled people may also be savants, though the incidence among them is much lower.
• When an individual with multiple cognitive disabilities has extraordinary proficiency in one isolated skill, this is known as Savant syndrome.

Causes of savant syndrome:-

• Damage in the left hemisphere of the brain
• Alteration in genes
• Premature birth of a child (less than 35 weeks)

Hence, it can be concluded that when an individual with multiple cognitive disabilities has extraordinary proficiency in one isolated skill, this is known as Savant syndrome.

Additional Information

• Asperger's ability:- Asperger's syndrome is one of the autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and is a developmental disorder affecting how the brain processes information.

The parents-teacher together can set the objectives to be achieved at a particular time and can help the child even outside the classroom to explore and in the creation of new knowledge.

• The parent-teacher association can together participate in the overall development of a child to make him a responsible member of his community.

Key Points

• Kids do better in school when parents are involved in their academic lives. Parent engagement is the technique when parents and teachers share a responsibility to help their children learn and meet educational goals. 
• Parent engagement in schools is defined as parents and school staff working together to support and improve the learning, development, and health of the children.
• Parent engagement happens when teachers involve parents in school meetings or events, and parents volunteer their support at home and at school. 
• It includes some games that are designed specifically to improve the child's literacy and numeracy. These games are played together by parents and children.
• Parents assist their children and try to arrange an effective learning space for them.

Hence, it can be concluded that option 2 is correct.

Learning is a comprehensive process that refers to a change in behavior, knowledge and skills as a result of practice and experience. There are many factors that affect learning.

Key Points

Factors Affecting Learning:

Environmental factors affecting learning:

• The phrase "social environment" describes how a classroom environment affects or encourages interactions between young children, instructors, and family members.
• A well-designed social environment fosters positive peer relationships, promotes pleasant interactions between teacher and children, and allows teachers to assist children in achieving their social objectives.

Personal factors affecting learning:

• Personal factors are the elements of one's personality that limit or enhance the ways that one learns and thinks.
• Personal factors that affect learning include Physical health, Age and maturation, Emotional conditions, Interest and motivation, Readiness and willingness, etc.

Teacher-related factors affecting learning:

• Teachers are the implementers of education who foster the potential of young seedlings to grow and bloom.
• Teachers who are firmly rooted in their subject knowledge make clearer presentations and recognize students' difficulties readily. He/she should be able to undertake application-oriented teaching as well. 

Hence, it could be concluded that All of the above factors affect learning.

Kothari Commission (1964-66) is also known as Indian/National Education Commission.

Important Points

• under the chairmanship of 'Daulat Singh Kothari'.
• to examine all aspects of educational sectors in India.
• to produce appropriate strategies and guidelines for the upliftment of education.

Key Points

The policy recommended by the Kothari Commission relating language is the Three-Language Formula.

The Three-Language Formula as stated in the 1968 Policy is:-

• The First language: It has to be studied must be the mother tongue or the regional language.
• The Second language: In Hindi speaking States, the second language will be English or some other modern Indian language. In non-Hindi speaking States, the second language will be Hindi or English.
• The Third language: The third language is taught at a later stage in school, and that too for a shorter time, as it is needed only in a limited context i.e. in a social situation where neither first nor second language could help the child to communicate.

Hence, it could be concluded that the policy recommended by the Kothari Commission relating to language is the Three-Language Formula.

Additional Information

Other Major recommendations of the Kothari Commission(1964-66):

• Common schools system to ensure the equalization of educational opportunities for all children.
• 10+2+3 structure of education. (10 years of General Education + 2 years of Higher Education + 3 years of degree)
• Neighborhood school (Every school has to admit each and every child within its prescribed locality irrespective of their caste, religion, and community)

Launched in 1975, Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) is a unique early childhood development programme, aimed at addressing malnutrition, health and also development needs of young children, pregnant and nursing mothers. Interventions & Activities in Early Childhood Care Education & Development (ECCED):

• Interventions:
  • Guidance to Parents through Home visits
  • Early screening and referral
  • Monthly monitoring & promotion of child growth &
    Developmental milestones
  • Fixed Monthly village ECCE Days
  • Non-formal pre-school education:
    • Activity-based
    • Semi-structured play & learning method
  • Quarterly monitoring & promotion of child growth &
  • Developmental milestones
• Activities:
  • Provide Non-Formal Pre-School Education to channelize child’s energy and also offer substitute

Hence, we conclude that as per ICDS, non-formal pre-school education should be based on activity.

The correct answer is 'mine'.

Key Points

• Mine is used to refer to something belonging to or associated with the speaker.
  • For example: She's a loyal friend of mine.
• Their is used to refer to something belonging to or associated with the people or things previously mentioned or easily identified.
• Your means belonging to or associated with the person or people that the speaker is addressing.
• Her is used as the object of a verb or preposition to refer to a female person or animal previously mentioned or easily identified.
• By referring to the above explanation, it can be concluded that mine is the most appropriate answer.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "The mass protests, sometimes, could change the decisions of the rulers in democratic countries."

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the present tense form. (दिया गया वाक्य वर्तमान काल का है।)
• The words 'could,' 'would,' and 'will be' all suggest the future tense form.
• Adding "had" or "was" to 'could', or 'should' transforms the statement into past tense.
• "Can" may be used either as future or present tense, however using "is" or "am" nearly invariably denotes present tense.​

​Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct sentence: The mass protests, sometimes, could change the decisions of the rulers in democratic countries.

Additional Information

• In the English language, there are four primary forms of future tense, namely:​
  • ​Simple Future Tense
    • ​Example- Ben will go to the party tomorrow.
  • Future Continuous Tense
    • ​Example- I will be playing with my sister,
  • Future Perfect Tense
    • ​Example-He will have applied for the job in Mumbai.
  • Future Perfect Continuous Tense
    • ​Example -She will have been singing for two hours.

दिए गए विकल्पों में सही उत्तर हस्ताक्षर होगा। अन्य विकल्प अनुचित उत्तर होंगे।

Key Points

• दिए गए शब्दों में से नित्य एकवचन में प्रयोग होने वाला हस्ताक्षर शब्द नहीं है।
• हस्ताक्षर सदा बहुवचन के रूप में प्रयोग होता है।
• जनता, आकाश और पानी नित्य एकवचन शब्द हैं।
• कुछ शब्द सदैव बहुवचन में प्रयोग किये जाते हैं - दर्शन, प्राण, आँसू, बाल, लोग, हस्ताक्षर आदि।
• कुछ शब्द सदैव एकवचन में प्रयोग किये जाते हैं - पानी, तेल, घी, दूध, आकाश, बारिश, जनता आदि।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर 'गायत्री ने गीत गाया' है।
Confusion Points

• जब क्रिया के होने की समाप्ति सामान्य रूप से बीते हुए समय में होती है, किन्तु इससे यह बोध नहीं होता कि क्रिया समाप्त हुए थोड़ी देर हुई है या अधिक वहाँ सामान्य भूत होता है। इस दौरान हम यह निश्चित नहीं कर सकते कि भूतकाल में यह कार्य किस समय किया गया है और जिन वाक्यों के अंत में आ, ई, ए, था, थी, थे आते हैं, वे सामान्य भूतकाल होता है।

जैसे –

• नेता जी ने भाषण दिया।
• अकबर ने पुस्तक पढ़ी।
• कुसुम घर गयी।

(ii) आसन्न भूतकाल
आसन्न का अर्थ होता है -निकट। जिस क्रिया के अभी-अभी या निकट के भूतकाल में पूरा होने का पता चले उसे आसन्न भूतकाल कहते हैं। क्रिया के जिस रूप से हमें यह पता चले की क्रिया अभी कुछ समय पहले ही पूर्ण हुई है उसे आसन्न भूतकाल कहते हैं।
जैसे-

• मैने आम खाया है।
• मैं अभी सोकर उठी हूँ।
• कमल गया है।

Key Points

• 'गायत्री गीत गाती है' यह वाक्य सामान्य भूतकाल में है- 'गायत्री ने गीत गाया'।
• सामान्य भूतकाल की क्रिया से यह पता चलता है कि क्रिया का व्यापार बोलने से या लिखने से पहले हुआ।
• जिन वाक्यों के अंत में आ , ई , ए , था , थी , थे आते हैं वे सामान्य भूतकाल होता है।

Additional Information

• भूतकाल- बीता हुआ क्रिया के जिस रूप से बीते हुये समय का पता चले उसे भूतकाल कहते हैं भूतकाल के वाक्यों के अंत में था, थे, थी, जैसे शब्द आते हैं इन्हीं शब्दों से भूतकाल की पहचान होती है।
  • उदाहरण- मैं खाना खा रहा था।
  • मैं सो रहा था।
• भूतकाल के मुख्यतः सात प्रकार होते हैं।
  • 1.सामान्य भूतकाल
  • 2.आसन्न भूतकाल
  • 3.पूर्ण भूतकाल
  • 4.अपूर्ण भूतकाल
  • 5.संदिग्ध भूतकाल
  • 6.हेतुहेतुमद् भूतकाल
  • 7.समयकालीन भूतकाल

सही उत्तर पूर्वकालिक होगा।

Key Points

• 'उसने नहाकर भोजन किया- वाक्य में 'नहाकर' पूर्वकालिक क्रिया का उदाहरण है।
• 'नहाकर' यहाँ पूर्वकालिक क्रिया है क्योंकि भोजन करने से पहले उसने नहाया है।

Additional Information

Solution:

Observe the following figure representing 4 cakes each of 1 kg and try to give the answer.

In the above figure, we look for ‘how many 2/3 s are there in these 4 cakes?’

That is,

Alternate Method

This can be observed also in the following way.

We get the answer as 6.

Hence, the correct option is 4.

Formula Used:

Mode = Highest frequency of occurrence of the same number

Calculation:

The data are = 2, 5, 5, 7, 2, 6, 8, 6, 9, 6

6 has the maximum frequency

∴ Mode of data is 6.

Given

The average weight of A, B and C = 72 kg

The average weight of A and B = 78 kg

The average weight of A and C = 71 kg

Formula Used

Average = Sum of data/No. of data

Calculation

Total weight of A, B and C = (A + B + C) × 3 = 72 × 3 = 216 kg

Total weight of A and B = (A + B) × 2 = 78 × 2 = 156 kg

Total weight of A and C = (A + C) × 2 = 71 × 2 = 142 kg

Weight of C = Total weight of A, B and C - Total weight of A and B = 216 - 156 = 60

Weight of A = Total weight of A and C - Weight of C = 142 - 60 = 82 kg

∴ The Weight of A is 82 kg

Concept:

Sum of two sides of a triangle is always greater than the third side.

Difference of two sides of a triangle is always less than the third side.

Sum of square of two sides of a right angled triangle is equal to square of hypotenuse.

Calculation:

AB + BC > AC (possible sum of two sides of a triangle is greater than the third side)

AB - BC < AC (possible difference of two sides off a triangle is less than the third side)

AB² + BC² = AC² (Pythagoras theorem)

But, AB + BC ≠ AC (triangle not possible)

The correct answer is in the southern part

Key Points

• The Bhil tribe is the oldest tribe in Rajasthan.
• Bhil lives in southern Rajasthan, mainly.
• Their main residence is Udaipur, apart from this they also reside in Banswara, Dungarpur, and Chittorgarh districts.
• Banswara district is the largest Bhil tribe in Rajasthan.
• Dungarpur is the second largest district in terms of population in Rajasthan after Banswara district.

Important Points