KVS PRT Mock Test - 10 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

As we can say that ,
Nebulous is indistinct something that does not have a clear outline, Concrete is solid and of definite shape.
Hence , Concrete is antonym ( opposite ) of Nebulous . 

A school can function only when adequate material equipment is there. Now we proceed to discuss the tangible or physical equipment as resources of a school, viz., the school plan, furniture, and subsidiary equipment. The duties of a School Head consist of looking after the following physical equipment:

Key Points

• Main school building with its various sections and departments
• Garden and lawns
• Playgrounds
• Hostel building
• Staff quarters
• Outhouses and miscellany

The main school building can be divided into two major sections: (1) Academic and (2) Administrative

Academic:

• Assembly Hall,
• Library, Museum,
• The Medical Section should include the 1. The Doctor's Room 2. The Dispensary 3. The Sick Room or bedroom for the patients.
• Students' Common Room Section, which should include (i) a Common room for the pupils (separate for boys & girls), (ii) a Lunchroom
• Toilets are separate for boys and girls.

The administrative Section Further includes:

• Principal's Room, Visitors' Room, Office, Record Room, Staff Room, Committee Room
• Guidance and Counselling room, Accountant office, Head clerk office, Examination section.
• Gardens, lawns, and farms will include, flower pads, creepers, decorative plants and trees, water storage and manure pits, a store, etc.
• The playground will have separately demarcated grounds for hockey, football, cricket, volleyball, kabaddi, etc.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that a few necessary tangible physical equipment of a school plan are a playground, library, and record room.

Every executive whether he deals with the people directly or indirectly is potentially in a position to lead people. He has the task of bringing them into an effective working harmony. To achieve this, there is a factor known as leadership. 

• Leadership is defined as the activity of influencing people to cooperate towards some goal that they come to find desirable.

Key PointsTeacher as a leader:

•  An important aspect of leadership is that of staff development. In this connection it is important to mention that a good leader is a good teacher
• Sharing decisions and developing leadership in other teachers to create collaborative learning communities has emerged as one of the significant roles of headteachers in recent times.
• A number of research studies have investigated the importance of building collaborative communities in school improvement and concluded that a focus on community building enhances the growth in teachers.
• The headteacher needs to demonstrate in practice, the notion of faculty as change agent otherwise s/he is likely to use her positional authority to sabotage attempts towards change. 
• In a situation when the leader encounters a certain! level of readiness in a team member, s/he will also need to develop the skill of distributing responsibilities so that the team members can effectively carry our their tasks. Collaborative team building is particularly useful in secondary schools because of the size of the staff. 

From the above-mentioned points, it is clear that both I and II are correct regarding participative functions of leadership.

Language is a 'System of sounds, words, patterns, etc, used by humans to communicate thoughts and feelings.'

Key PointsReason for the underdevelopment of speech and language:

• Brain injury
• By birth deafness
• Thinking disabilities
• Premature birth
• Poor nutrition 
• Neurological disorders 
• Intellectual disabilities
• A family history of a language delay or communication disorder

Hence, we can conclude that the reason for the underdevelopment of speech and language is birth deafness.

Student achievement data offers invaluable support for making good decisions about instruction. But how that data are used is critical.

Key Points

• Achievement data provide support that fosters a data-driven culture within the school. 
• Providing leadership through data facilitators or other instructional leaders, and ongoing professional development, helps teachers, principals, and other school staff members obtain a thorough understanding of their roles and responsibilities in using data.
• Leadership, professional development, and time for collaboration do not establish the culture of data use; rather, they provide the support needed to build a culture that fosters data used to guide instructional decision-making.

Hence, it is clear that achievement data offers invaluable support for making good decisions about instruction and fosters a data-driven culture within the school.

Development refers to qualitative changes taking place simultaneously with quantitative changes of growth. It may be defined as a progressive series of orderly, coherent changes.

Key Points The principles that govern development-

• Role of heredity and environment - development is a result of heredity and environment.
• Development is a continuous process.
• Individual differences in the rate of development 
• The direction of Development - development proceeds from general to specific.
• Development takes place from head to toe and from center to periphery.

Hence we conclude that the statement that development proceeds from general to specific is correct about development.

Additional Information

• The development follows the principles of differentiation and integration- for example, the child first learns to differentiate between more and less.
• Critical Periods There are some periods in the life of a child that are crucial for development and learning. During these periods if the child has favorable experiences, her development will be fostered

A few social skills are described and listed here. These have to be sought after while teaching children along with the other objectives in class. 

Key Points

• Sharing space and equipment with others
• Waiting for one’s turn respecting others practised and achieved along with the teaching/practising motor skills
• Social skills “Follow rules and respect decision” may be practised when students frame the rules or understand them very well.
• Stay on task even in the absence of a teacher.
• Be the first person to congratulate the winners and thank everyone for giving you the game.
• Accept responsibility to bring/return equipment/stores; acts as a leader, follower official/umpire-to play a role.
• Take defeat and victory in a stride with calm.
• Appreciate good performance.
• Act safely but take reasonable risks

Important Points

• Observing how the child interacts with peers in team tasks or others is the most effective way to assess a child's social skills by the teacher.
• Intelligence tests or objective type tests would check the cognitive level of students rather than social skills.
• Observing the child when she solves the problems will give you insight into the child's understanding level or whether the learning objectives have been achieved.

Hence, Observing how the child interacts with peers in team tasks or others is the most effective way to assess a child's social skills by the teacher.

B. F. Skinner experiments on operant conditioning won him worldwide fame. Skinner defined operant conditioning as the process of learning that elicits operant behaviour.  Operant conditioning can be defined as a principle of learning in which behavior is maintained or changed through its positive or negative consequences. The basic principles of operant conditioning are that when a behavior occurs and is followed by reinforcement, it is more likely to occur again in the future. 

Reinforcement is a major condition required for learning to take place. In the process of reinforcement, an organism/learner is presented with a particular stimulus (i.e. reinforcer) before and after it elicits desired responses. The organism will tend to repeat the responses for which reinforcement is given and to discontinue responses for which it is not. 

Reinforcements are broadly into two types:

• Positive and negative reinforcement:

1. As in classical conditioning, reinforcements can be positive and negative in operant conditioning also.
2. Positive reinforcers are those pleasurable consequences of behavior that make the behavior more probable. An example is praise from the teacher after being able to tell the square root of 169.
3. Negative reinforcers are those unpleasurable consequences of not producing the target behavior that makes the behavior more probable. For example, the teacher asks you the square root of 169 and looks with fiery eyes at you. He will continue to do it till you give the correct answer. By producing the desired response, you terminate the look - the negative reinforcer.

• Primary and secondary reinforcement:

1. Reinforcements may be primary – that is concerned with our basic needs. Or it can be secondary or conditioned, acquiring its reinforcement value only through association with the primary reinforcer.
2. Food is a primary reinforcer. But if you make me work for money or sweet words, you are using the secondary or conditioned reinforcer.
3. We can neither eat nor drink nor sleep money, yet we are all reinforced by money because of its symbolic value through association.

From the above, we can conclude that In Skinner’s theory, reinforcement is given to the learner when his response is 100% correct. 

There are three different levels of teaching and teaching takes place at three levels progressively- memory level of teaching, understanding level of teaching, and reflective level of teaching. Teachers must keep in mind the developmental stage of the learners so that desired educational objectives can be achieved.

1. Memory level of teaching (MLT): Least thoughtful teaching

• It is the initial stage of teaching.
• It involves the habit of rote memorization. In such type of act, memory plays a key role.
• The teacher presents factual information before the learner. The learner tries to recall and memorize these facts with the least involvement of his/her thinking and reasoning power. It represents the involvement of the least thoughtful behavior.
• The evaluation includes oral, written, and essay-type examinations.

2. Understanding level of teaching (ULT): thoughtful teaching

• Understanding something is to perceive the meaning, grasp the idea, and comprehend the meaning.
• It focuses on the mastery of the subject.
• The teaching at the understanding level is of a higher quality than the one at the memory level.
• At this level of teaching, the teacher explains the student about the relationship between principles and facts and teaches them how these principles can be applied.
• The learner becomes more capable to think, present the facts in a more logical manner, analyze them properly, drawing inferences.
• The learner and the teacher are actively involved and protect personal interests and attitudes in this level of teaching.
• The evaluation includes both essay and objective type questions.

3. Reflective level of teaching (ULT): Most thoughtful level

• It is a problem-centric approach to teaching.
• Teaching at the reflective level represents the highest level of the teaching activities that can be carried out in the most thoughtful modes of operation providing the desirable quality of teaching situation and experience to the learner for utilizing and enhancing their cognitive abilities to the maximum.
• At this level, the student is made to face a real problematic situation. The student by understanding the situation and using his critical abilities succeeds in solving the problem.
• At this level, the emphasis is laid on identifying the problem, defining it, and finding a solution to it. The student’s original thinking and creative-abilities develop at this level.
• At this level, the learning environment is child-centric, where the learners have the authority to deal with the problem independently.
• The aim is to develop the reflective power of learners so that they can solve problems of their lives by reasoning, logic, and imagination and lead successful and happy lives.

Hence, At the reflective level of teaching the classroom environment is required to be sufficiently ‘open and independent’.

The correct answer is Memory level

We have different levels of teaching that are

1. Memory level of teaching
2. Understanding level
3. Reflective level.
4. Autonomous development level

Key Points

•  Memory level of teaching
  • It is the first and thoughtless level of teaching. It is concerned with memory or mental ability that exists in all living beings.
  • It is the lowest level of teaching.
  • At this level, the thinking ability does not play any role. students only cram the facts, information, formulas, and laws that are taught to them. the teaching is nothing but learning the subject matter by rote.
  • The main focus is laid on capturing and systematic presentation of ideas and information.

Additional Information

• Understanding level
  • The teaching at the understanding level is of a higher quality than the one at the memory level.
  • It is more useful and thoughtful from the point of view of mental capabilities.
  • At this level of teaching, the teacher explains the student the relationship between principles and facts and teach them how these principles can be applied.
  • The memory level teaching barrier is essential to be crossed for this level of teaching.
• Reflective level
  • The introspective level of teaching is also known as the reflective level.
  • This is the most advanced level of the teaching-learning method.
  • This is because teaching does not end until the students have grasped the idea.
  • This is a more advanced stage in which the learner advances one step further through the concept to comprehend the concept’s multiple dimensions
• Autonomous development level 
  • The is student-centered.
  • It is little or no leadership, direction, coercion, prescription, or imposition of student thought or behavior by a teacher to promote self-feelings leading to a sense of freedom
  • Autonomous learning is also called self-directed learning

​Hence we can conclude that the correct answer is memory level.

The classroom is an established organisation in the society. The instructional process that goes on in the classrooms serves the purpose of cultivating pupils' minds through significant practices accepted by the teachers. 

Key PointsThe aims of the classroom management can be achieved by the teacher as his role is pivotal factor in managing the class more than any other equipment and resources. The role and functions are as follows: -

• The teacher should bear in mind that the plan in handling classroom activities should be adapted to the classroom conditions. Also, it should be directed towards making the students ready for real life situations.
• The size of the class, the arrangement of the classroom equipment, and the materials in teaching must be well considered by the teacher.
• The teacher should bear in mind that regulations on absence and tardiness should be handled according to administrative requirements. 
• The teacher should bear in mind that the handling of the instructional material should be routinised to save time and avoid confusion. Routine has its place only when it contributes to this end. The teacher must decide what rules should be applied in his classroom to achieve this end.
• The nature and needs of the pupils should be borne in mind in making the seating arrangement. Seating should be adjusted to the needs of the pupils and should be arranged in an orderly and efficient way.
• Seats should be of the right size and type to give comfort to the pupils.
• Effective teaching and efficient learning are possible only when the classroom condition is normal. 
• The teacher has to bear in mind that a positive approach to classroom management and control really means looking for favourable constructive conduct and commending pupils on it, and on most occasions ignoring conduct that is not acceptable.
• A positive approach to classroom management and control is based on self-motivation and control. 

Therefore, it can eb said that the Implications of Aims for Classrooms Practices is a conscious effort for preparing children for action in real life would also be valuable

Classroom management is the organizational function that requires teachers to perform various tasks like planning, organizing, coordinating, directing, controlling, etc. Seeking the cooperation of students is the best tool for effective classroom management.

Key Points

•  Maintaining students' attention, motivation, and involvement is the goal of good classroom management.
• As a result, the emphasis is on activities that foster a positive, productive and enabling learning environment.
• Here, the students always create a problem in the class so it's better to assign them small projects to keep them engaged and try to learn new things.
• This will boost their creativity and thinking skills.
• The teacher will continuously monitor them for better learning.

Thus, it is concluded that Observe them continuously by assigning them small projects is a good effort.

Social capital is generally defined And measured at the entire personal community institutional or societal levels in terms of networks or bridging and norms of reciprocity and trust bonding within those networks. 

Societal-level examples of social capital include when someone opens a door for someone, returns a lost item to a stranger, gives someone directions, loans something without a contract, and on any other beneficial interest between people, even if they don't know each other.

Key Points

•  Social capital involves the effective functioning of social groups through interpersonal relationships, assured sense of identity, assured understanding, shared norms, shared values, trust, cooperation, and reciprocity.,
• Social capital is created by engagement in groups or associations. As a product of social involvement inside and outside of the family, people trust others more.
• Social commitment leads to activism while expanding social trust and cooperation for mutual benefit.

Additional Information

• Family is a basic unit of society and is a link between the individual the and community. The multifaceted functions performed by it make it a much-needed institution in society.
• Some of the important functions performed by the family include the reproduction of new members socializing, raising them, and provision of emotional and physical care for older persons and young.
• Socialization is influenced primarily by the family, through which children first learn and then explore.

Hence, the family and community resources that children can draw upon are collectively called "social capital". 

Carol Tomlinson coined the phrase differentiated instruction in the late 1990s.

Key Points

• Tomlinson defines it as "a way of thinking about teaching that proposes that... we teach with an eye on the learner."
• Progressive differentiation is a method of meaningful learning in which students increase the degree of elaboration of an idea as their knowledge of it grows. 
• Individual students are given specific steps to take in order to take control of their learning experience through differentiated instruction.
• The role of the teacher is to introduce the subject and then increase the depth and specificity. 
• According to research, Differentiated instruction appears to be helpful for students who are academic achievers as well as those who have learning issues or even substantial disabilities. 

Therefore, a teacher presents the most general ideas of the discipline first, followed by a gradual increase in detail and specificity, it is known as Progressive differentiation.

Additional Information

• Differentiated instruction is the process of gaining a better knowledge of how each student learns best and then adjusting training to fit those requirements.
• Cooperative learning is the process of dividing a class of students into small groups so that they can work together to learn a new idea.

Instructional leadership developed during the effective schools' movement of the 1980s. Conventionally understood, the headteacher was viewed as the source of educational expertise.

• Her role was to manage all the functions directly related to teaching and learning. Management discussions mostly related to regular school routines and activities with bearing on instruction which constituted the core of the headteacher's tasks.

Key Points

Leithwood and Duke (1999) examining research on the roles and responsibilities of school leaders identified the following distinct areas:

• Instructional: influencing the work of teachers in a way that will improve student achievement.
• Transformational: increasing the commitments and capacities of the school staff.
• Moral: influencing others by appealing to notions of right and wrong.
• Participative: involving other members of the school community.
• Contingent: adapting their behavior to fit the situation.

Hence, it is clear that 'It influences the work of teachers in a way that will improve student achievement.' is true in the context of instructional leadership.

Key PointsVarious factors affecting learning:

• Learning Environment: For education in school to be effective, the environment needs to be conducive to learning, allowing the pupils' space and time to interact with the learning and teaching process. Creating and maintaining stimulating learning environments can be achieved through effective classroom organisation, interactive and whole school displays and a climate of innovation.
• Learning and maturation: Maturation is related to the process of growth. It describes changes that are relatively independent of the environmental influence and are assumed to be closely related to the influence of heredity. Learning on the other hand is shaped primarily by an individual’s interaction with the immediate environment. For example, beginning to walk depends on the maturation of certain muscle groups and on increasing control over their movements (maturational developments).
• Readiness to learn: Mental readiness of the pupil is essential for learning. For example, in the case of language learning, it is not expected from a child to learn difficult words and sentences at an early stage of learning. Similarly for physical activities like typewriting, dancing etc. requires physical readiness of the pupil. Effective learning takes place when the pupil is ready to learn. Hence, to determine readiness, you need to have some knowledge of children’s emotional and intellectual development.
• Learning and Motivation: Motivation refers to the force originated or generated in the individual which sustains, directs and controls the activities of the pupil till the goal is achieved. There are two types of motivation- intrinsic motivation (motivation from inside) and extrinsic motivation (motivation from external rewards). 

Hence, stimulating learning environment can be created in the above-mentioned ways.

The curriculum is derived from the Latin word currere which means to run away.

• According to Crow and Crow, "The curriculum includes all the learners' experience in or outside school that is included in a program which has been devised to help him developmentally, emotionally, socially, spiritually and morally”.

Key Points Benefits of parents and community in the curriculum are:

• When parents and the community are involved in the development of the curriculum, the same curriculum becomes easy and interesting.
• When there is communication between parents and teachers, the rate of students absent in class decreases.
• The performance of students in academics is increasing.
• It helps to improve and regulate the behavior of children in the classroom.
• Community and parent involvement helps in creating curriculum and learning materials that reflect the daily lives of children in society.
• A good connection with the school lets parents understands the curriculum better.
• Parents' involvement leads to the success of the students.
• It helps to increase the confidence of students.
• Community participation in the curriculum helps to identify the problems and address them.
• Participation in the community leads to ensuring sustainability and helps to promote the education of girls.

Thus, it is concluded that both statements are correct.         

Every organization needs a defined mission - that is its stated purpose - and a vision that looks into the future and describes an ideal state for the organization which it will achieve when it reaches the character for which the leader has committed his energies and enthusiasm.

• Such a vision combines analysis and understanding of the past history, traditions and culture of the organization; a recognition of the possible need to change; an analysis of the present situation and the key factors likely to affect the chances of success or failure; a forecast of the future and factors which could bring success; and outlines later to be developed, of the first steps to be taken and thereafter of tactical (short term) and strategic (long term) goals.

Key PointsCommunicating the Vision:

• A private vision has no organizational significance.
• Sharing the vision perceptively with those whose work will help to achieve it, and with an open-ness to change, should lead to cooperative teamwork, the creation of targets, and the constructive handling of any conflicts arising.
• But for this to be so, the vision must be fully shared, concisely expressed, and work must proceed in a learning atmosphere. Constant cross-referral must take place between existing and new activities to ensure that all move the organization towards its goals.

Hence, it is clear that the above-mentioned statement emphasizes that a vision must be fully shared and concisely expressed.

The School Calendar is a timetable of another kind. Preparing and organizing a school calendar is one of the most important tasks of a school Head. It is a well-planned school calendar that brings in the School Head's vision, knowledge, experience, and capability to make the entire school pulsating with life.

Key Points

• In a school calendar, there need not be all dates. In addition to the dates a programme is charted against dates. e.g. 17th Jan. to 25th Jan: Sports festival will be celebrated, 6th Jan: Prize distribution ceremony.
• Dates for special lectures, workshops, seminars, funfairs, sports festivals, cultural activities, parent-teacher association meetings, camps, staff meetings, science fairs, exhibitions, projects to be taken up during the year, etc. are also mentioned.
• In a school calendar, dates for probable examinations, curricular and co-curricular activities of the year are mentioned, which helps teachers as well as students to preplan the activities in advance. 

Hence, it is clear that a school calendar doesn't include information about rooms and playgrounds being used in certain periods, and classes engaged in games.

Hint

• The school timetable is a chart that indicates all the activities undertaken in a school. It shows hours of work, rooms being used in certain periods, class engaged in games, playground being used, etc.

ECCE stands for Early Childhood Care and Education. ECCE aims to develop and enhance social, emotional, and physical development in children and help them reach their full potential.

Key Points

• Kindergarten, Pre-primary sections, and nurseries are private unaided ECCE centres.
• In order to meet the educational demands and contribute in the development of children, Early Childhood Care and Education is provided by-

1. Government organizations
2. Non-government organizations (NGOs)
3. Private educational institutes

• Private educational institutes are not observed or contributed by governmental agencies but aims to provide care and proper education to developing children.
• Education that is given in kindergarden, pre-primary classes, nursery class, or upper-secondary class in private institutes or schools are looked after by institutes only.
• They are unaided by government.
• ECCE is applicable to young children
• it provides holistic development to children.
• With proper care and guidance, children's social and emotional skills are nurtured and developed.
• ECCE ensures the lifelong well-being of individuals.
• ECCE makes sure that future citizens are capable of necessary skills

Thus, it can be concluded that all the above are correct.

The correct answer is 'between he', i.e. the error lies in this part of the sentence.

Key Points

• The error lies in the incorrect usage of the subjective pronoun 'he'.
• In the given sentence, 'between' is used as a preposition, and a preposition is always followed by an objective case pronoun.
• Example:
  • It is between him and me.
  • Everyone but him attended the meeting.
• ​Thus, 'him' will be used in place of 'he'.
  

Correct sentence: A misunderstanding has crept between him and his sister.

Additional Information

• Pronouns: a word that can function by itself as a noun phrase and that refers either to the participants in the discourse or to someone or something mentioned elsewhere in the discourse.
• Subjective case pronoun: The subjective (or nominative) pronouns are I, you (singular), he/she/it, we, you (plural), they and who. A subjective pronoun acts as a subject in a sentence.
• Objective case pronoun: The objective (or accusative) case pronouns are me, you (singular), him/her/it, us, you (plural), them and whom. The objective case is used when something is being done to (or given to, etc.) someone.

सही उत्तर लोक-परलोक है।

Key Points

• लोक-परलोक शब्द- विशेषण का युग्म नहीं है।
• विशेषण - जो शब्द संज्ञा या सर्वनाम शब्दों की अच्छी या बुरी विशेषता बताते हैं, वे विशेषण कहलाते हैं। जैसे- सफ़ेद, सुन्दर, अत्याचारी आदि

अन्य विकल्प-

लोक-परलोक - विलोम शब्द युग्म है।

'राजा ने ब्राह्मण को धन दिया' वाक्य के रेखांकित पद में संप्रदान कारक है।

• देने के अर्थ में हमेशा सम्प्रदान कारक का प्रयोग होता है। भले ही वहाँ को यह परसर्ग हो।
  जैसे - वह गाँव को जाता है। - कर्म कारक
  - विकास ने तुषार को गाड़ी दी। - सम्प्रदान कारक

Key Points

Additional Information

संज्ञा के आधार पर समूह से भिन्न शब्द है - 'स्त्रीत्व'|

• यहाँ पर 'स्त्रीत्व' शब्द से किसी भाव, अवस्था, गुण, दोष, दशा आदि का पता चल रहा है, अतः स्त्रीत्व शब्द भाववाचक संज्ञा है।
• जबकि 'लड़का, ज्वालामुखी, वकील' से संपूर्ण जाति का पता चल रहा है, अतः यहाँ शब्द जातिवाचक संज्ञा है।

Key Points​ भाववाचक संज्ञा:-

• जिन संज्ञा शब्दों से पदार्थों की अवस्था, गुण, दोष, धर्म, दशा, आदि का बोध हो वह भाववाचक संज्ञा कहलाता है।
• जैसे - बचपन, बुढ़ापा, मोटापा, मिठास, उमंग, चढाई, थकावट, मानवता, चतुराई, जवानी, लम्बाई, मित्रता, मुस्कुराहट, अपनापन, प्यास, चोरी, क्रोध, सुन्दरता आदि।
• विकास की आवाज़ में बहुत मिठास है।

जातिवाचक संज्ञा:-

• जो शब्द किसी व्यक्ति, वस्तु या स्थान की संपूर्ण जाति का बोध कराते हैं, उन शब्दों को जातिवाचक संज्ञा कहते हैं।
• जैसे- ​आदमी, जानवर, पशु, पक्षी, गाँव, स्कूल, शहर, मोबाइल, बगीचा, नदी आदि।
  • पेड़ों पर पक्षी बैठे हैं।

Additional Informationसंज्ञा:-

• किसी व्यक्ति, जाति, द्रव्य, गुण, भाव, और स्थान आदि के नाम को संज्ञा कहते हैं।

  • जैसे - मोहन (व्यक्ति), पशु (जाति), सुन्दरता (गुण), व्यथा (भाव), दिल्ली (स्थान)।

सही उत्तर है - 3 (A - IV, B - II, C - III, D - I)

Key Points

Additional Information

सही उत्तर है - ‘अत्यंत’।

• ‘उर्वशी अत्यंत सुंदर है।’ इसमें ‘अत्यंत’ शब्द प्रविशेषण है।
• यहाँ ‘अत्यंत’ शब्द विशेषण शब्द की विशेषता बता रहा है।
• सुंदर शब्द विशेषण है।

Key Points

• प्रविशेषण : विशेषण की विशेषता बताने वाले शब्द को प्रविशेषण कहते हैं।

जैसे:-

• ​भोजन बड़ा स्वादिष्ट है।
• राम बहुत अच्छा लड़का है।

Additional Information

विशेषण की परिभाषा:

• विशेषण संज्ञा या सर्वनाम के रूप गुण, संख्या, मात्रा, परिमाण, आदि के विशेषता बताते हैं।

उदाहरण :

• सविता बहुत सुंदर लड़की है।
  शंकर बहुत मेहनती कार्यकर्ता है।

हिंदी में विशेषण 4 प्रकार के होते हैं :-

• गुणवाचक विशेषण
• परिमाणवाचक विशेषण
• संख्यावाचक विशेषण
• सार्वनामिक विशेषण

त्र्यम्बकेश्वर का अर्थ 'तीन लोकों का ईश्वर' है जो द्विगु समास का उदाहरण है।Key Points

• द्विगु समास - जिसका पहला पद संख्यावाची हो।
• उदाहरण - चौराहा - चार राहों का समूह।

Additional Informationअन्य उदाहरण -

सही उत्तर ग्राम्य है।

Key Points

• ग्राम्य शब्द का अर्थ - गाँव से संबंधित गाँव का (जैसे - ग्राम्य सुधार, ग्राम्य अर्थ व्यवस्था)।

Confusion Points

• खरा विशेषण से खरापन यह भाववाचक संज्ञा बनी है।
• तेजस्वी विशेषण से तेजस्विता यह भाववाचक संज्ञा रूप बना है।
• चिकना विशेषण से चिकनाई यह भाववाचक संज्ञा रूप बना है।

Additional Information

Given:

Speed 1 = 18km/h = 5m/sec

Speed 2 = 72km/h = 20m/sec

Formula used:

Hypotenuse² = side₁² + side₂²

Solution:

Distance travelled in 6 seconds

side₁ = 5 x 6 = 30m

side₂ = 20 x 6 = 120m

Distance between them =

Hence, the correct option is 2.

Calculation:

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10

2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 14

3 + 4 + ___ + 6 = ___

4 + 5 + 6 + 7 = 22

By observing the above pattern

3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 18

∴ The correct answer is option 3