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Plate Tectonics Video Lecture | Geography for UPSC CSE
FAQs on Plate Tectonics Video Lecture - Geography for UPSC CSE
| 1. What is plate tectonics and how does it work? |  |
Ans.Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that describes the large-scale movement of the Earth's lithosphere, which is divided into several tectonic plates. These plates float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath them and interact at their boundaries. The movements are driven by forces such as mantle convection, slab pull, and ridge push, resulting in geological phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains.
| 2. What are the different types of plate boundaries? | |
Ans.There are three main types of plate boundaries: convergent, divergent, and transform. Convergent boundaries occur where plates collide, often forming mountains or causing subduction. Divergent boundaries happen when plates move apart, leading to the formation of new crust, like mid-ocean ridges. Transform boundaries are where plates slide past each other horizontally, which can cause earthquakes.
| 3. How do plate tectonics affect earthquakes and volcanic activity? | |
Ans.Plate tectonics is closely linked to earthquakes and volcanic activity. Most earthquakes occur along plate boundaries where stress builds up and is released suddenly. Similarly, many volcanoes are found at convergent and divergent boundaries, where magma can rise to the surface due to the movement of tectonic plates. This dynamic interaction results in significant geological events.
| 4. What evidence supports the theory of plate tectonics? | |
Ans.Evidence for the theory of plate tectonics includes the fit of the continents (like South America and Africa), the distribution of fossils across continents, the matching geological formations, and the patterns of earthquakes and volcanoes along plate boundaries. Additionally, paleomagnetic data shows how continents have moved over geologic time.
| 5. How does plate tectonics relate to continental drift? | |
Ans.Continental drift is a component of the plate tectonics theory, originally proposed by Alfred Wegener in the early 20th century. It suggests that continents were once joined together in a supercontinent called Pangaea and have since drifted apart due to the movement of tectonic plates. The modern understanding of plate tectonics provides the mechanism for this drift, explaining how and why continents move.
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