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Birth of Jainism Video Lecture - UPSC

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1. What is the significance of the birth of Jainism in the context of Indian history?

Ans. The birth of Jainism holds great significance in Indian history as it is one of the oldest religions in the world. It emerged as a reform movement in the 6th century BCE, challenging the existing religious and social norms of that time. Jainism emphasized non-violence, truth, and non-attachment, and its teachings had a profound impact on the philosophy, culture, and ethics of ancient India.

2. Who was the founder of Jainism and what were his teachings?

Ans. Jainism was founded by Lord Mahavira, who was born in the 6th century BCE in present-day Bihar, India. He was the 24th and last Tirthankara (spiritual teacher) of Jainism. Mahavira preached the importance of ahimsa (non-violence) as the fundamental principle of Jainism. He also emphasized the concept of karma, believing that all actions have consequences, and the pursuit of moksha (liberation) through self-discipline and penance.

3. How did Jainism influence the social structure of ancient India?

Ans. Jainism had a significant influence on the social structure of ancient India. Its teachings promoted equality and non-discrimination among all individuals, regardless of their social status or birth. Jainism rejected the caste system and emphasized the importance of self-discipline, truthfulness, and non-violence in one's actions. This egalitarian approach challenged the prevailing hierarchical structure and promoted a more inclusive and compassionate society.

4. What are the key principles and practices of Jainism?

Ans. Jainism is guided by three main principles: ahimsa (non-violence), anekantavada (non-absolutism), and aparigraha (non-attachment). Ahimsa is the cornerstone of Jainism and promotes non-violence towards all living beings. Anekantavada emphasizes the acceptance of multiple viewpoints and the understanding that truth can be perceived differently by different individuals. Aparigraha teaches the importance of non-attachment to material possessions and desires.

5. How did Jainism influence art and architecture in ancient India?

Ans. Jainism had a significant influence on art and architecture in ancient India. Jain temples, known as Jain derasars or Jain basadis, are known for their intricate carvings and architectural grandeur. Jain art often depicts Tirthankaras and other revered figures, showcasing the artistic skills and devotion of Jain followers. Jain influence can also be seen in the development of cave temples, especially in regions like Maharashtra and Gujarat, where Jainism flourished.

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Jan 15, 2025 Last updated

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