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India & Organizations: SAARC Video Lecture | UPSC Mains: International Relations

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1. What is SAARC and what is its purpose?
SAARC, or the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, is an intergovernmental organization established in 1985. Its purpose is to promote regional cooperation and economic integration among its member countries in South Asia. The organization aims to enhance the welfare of the people in the region, improve their quality of life, and accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development.
2. Which countries are members of SAARC?
SAARC consists of eight member countries, namely Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. These countries collectively represent more than 1.8 billion people, making SAARC one of the largest regional organizations in the world.
3. What are the main areas of cooperation within SAARC?
SAARC focuses on various areas of cooperation, including agriculture, rural development, health, education, culture, science and technology, tourism, and transport. The organization also addresses issues related to trade, investment, poverty alleviation, environment, and climate change. The member countries collaborate through summits, ministerial meetings, and specialized bodies to discuss and implement initiatives in these areas.
4. How does SAARC contribute to regional integration in South Asia?
SAARC plays a crucial role in promoting regional integration in South Asia by fostering closer ties and cooperation among its member countries. It facilitates dialogue, negotiation, and consensus-building among the nations, leading to the formulation and implementation of regional agreements, initiatives, and programs. SAARC also provides a platform for addressing common challenges, resolving disputes, and promoting peace and stability in the region.
5. What are the challenges faced by SAARC in achieving its objectives?
SAARC faces several challenges in achieving its objectives, including political tensions, historical conflicts, and bilateral disputes among member countries. These issues often hinder the progress of regional cooperation and integration. Additionally, economic disparities, lack of connectivity, and inadequate infrastructure pose significant challenges to the effective implementation of SAARC's initiatives. Efforts are continuously being made to address these challenges and strengthen the organization's effectiveness.
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