Software Development Exam > Software Development Videos > Python- Mastering Development in Python > Quickly with Python - 07 - Files and Inputs
Quickly with Python - 07 - Files and Inputs Video Lecture | Python- Mastering Development in Python - Software Development
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FAQs on Quickly with Python - 07 - Files and Inputs Video Lecture - Python- Mastering Development in Python - Software Development
| 1. What is the purpose of the "Files and Inputs" topic in Python? |  |
Ans. The purpose of the "Files and Inputs" topic in Python is to understand how to read from and write to files, as well as how to handle user inputs in a program.
| 2. How can I read data from a file in Python? | |
Ans. To read data from a file in Python, you can use the built-in `open()` function to open a file and then use the `read()` or `readlines()` method to retrieve the contents of the file.
| 3. How can I write data to a file in Python? | |
Ans. To write data to a file in Python, you can use the `open()` function with the "w" mode to open a file for writing. Then, you can use the `write()` method to write data to the file. Remember to close the file using the `close()` method when you are done.
| 4. How can I handle user inputs in Python? | |
Ans. In Python, you can use the `input()` function to prompt the user for input. The `input()` function waits for the user to enter a value and returns it as a string. You can store this input in a variable and use it in your program as needed.
| 5. How can I handle errors while working with files and inputs in Python? | |
Ans. To handle errors while working with files and inputs in Python, you can use exception handling. You can use a `try-except` block to catch any potential errors that may occur, such as file not found errors or invalid user inputs. By handling these errors gracefully, you can prevent your program from crashing and provide a better user experience.
Text Transcript from Video
all right thank you so much for joining
me I'm t-pain and welcome to let's learn
feel free to use the skip ahead feature
on the right side to jump to any
specific sections or examples that you'd
like to go to boo boo boo boo yeah today
we'll be using Python 2.7 point 4 you
can download it from python org slash
get it
so today's focus is going to be Python
files and user input this will build
heavily on past lessons so feel free to
click on the right side to jump back to
a previous video if anything is unclear
all right Python files what are they
they're files that end in dot P Y dot py
w or dot py c the dot py c is a compiled
Python the other two are writable in
other words you can change them so why
do we use Python files why don't we just
push everything into the shell because
if you've noticed in the past we've had
to re-type and retype stuff over and
over again this allows us to save it all
in one location and edit it if we had
need to make any changes rather than
having to retype it so it's very
flexible save our work for future use we
don't have to type things over and over
and we can run whenever we're ready so
how do we create them well it's very
simple
first let's strip to our desktop and go
ahead and create a folder and we're
gonna go ahead and name this folder
Python testing enter enter to jump into
the folder and now we have a nice clean
folder right-click on the inside in here
if you're using Mac I'm not sure but how
you're gonna do this but you're gonna go
ahead and create a text document where
you can edit the whole text name so
you're gonna name this test dot py and
you're going to change the change the
file extension to py so that we can
actually run it in python so yes we want
to change it we've now created our first
python file so we're going to right
click and we can go edit with idle enter
so for a very first python file we're
gonna go ahead and punch in just two
lines the first one is going to be print
space super ham because i love ham so
much second line
type in raw underscore input open
parentheses quotations press ENTER to
end this awesome
script in quotations in parentheses and
then we're going to go ahead and save
the file there and then close it and now
what will happen is when we double click
this file it'll run and it'll bring up a
command prompt or terminal if you're on
Mac and it'll spit out exactly what it
does so just double click on it and now
we see super ham is printed at the top
and then we see our misspelled awesome
that's bummer we see print and press
enter 2 in this awesome script press
ENTER and it ends perfect alright so I'm
going to go ahead and right click to
enter this file again and I'm going to
shrink it down note that if you double
clicked and it did nothing it could be
because you don't have python connected
to Python files and that's pretty easy
to do you just right click and then you
go open with and then you choose Python
to exe or or you can always go to your
programs directory in your C Drive C
Drive and then python typically installs
on the top of the c drive so you're
going to go right here under python 27
and then right here python dot exe
you're gonna go ahead and drag that file
right under there and it'll run
beautiful
so in our script we use this command raw
underscore input what does it do this is
a way of getting user input I'm here I
was just using it to stop the script
from running and so that when we press
entered it would just close out so how
do we use raw input well for starters
you want to typically store your values
that's going to be returned from the
user into a variable so here I've typed
D equals raw input and this basically
will store whatever the user inputs are
into the variable D raw underscore input
is the function and then within the
parentheses of raw input you're going to
punch in whatever string you want to be
output to the user
to prompt them to enter something so in
this case we preset press enter to in
this awesome script
gosh that's misspellings following me
okay and what happens is once the user
presses enter then it continues on the
script since there is nothing else after
the script it closes out the file all
right so let's try another example
that's our first ever Python game we're
gonna go ahead and create another text
file right click and we're gonna go
ahead and create text document and we're
gonna punch in guessing game if I can
spell that py enter yes we want to
change the file for file extension okay
and right click to enter with idle to
edit with idle little air ok so this is
going to be a few more lines than the
last one we're going to start out by
typing highest is equal to 10 enter
answer is equal to 7 enter guess is
equal to raw underscore input open
parenthesis quotations guess a number
from 0 to % d :
space in quotations and then we're going
to punch in % space highest so for a
quick second I'm going to break up this
line but what what we're doing is the
highest number is equal to 10 and we
want that to be plugged in to where that
% D is because it's an integer so that's
all next we're gonna type in while open
parentheses int open parentheses guess
close parentheses is not equal to answer
:
so it's basically saying while the
integer value of the guess or whatever
the user inputs is not equal to the
answer then we're going to keep running
this script enter if open parentheses in
open parentheses guests close
parentheses is less than answer :
so as long as they're guests when it's
converted from string into an integer is
less than the answer enter print space
answer is higher close parentheses enter
and then we're going to do else
enter print answer is lower so this is
basically saying hey if there guess is
higher than the answer then print answer
is higher otherwise print the answer is
lower perfect and after this we're going
to close off the loop by copying this
line right here and I'm holding shift
and typing and pressing the enter key on
the keyboard and control C and then I'm
going to press tab once to indent and
then paste it right there so this way
the user is constantly being prompted
because we have the condition of the
while loop right here as long as the
answer or that our guess is not equal to
the answer we're going to keep asking
them to input more and more and finally
if they've exited the loop then we're
going to go type in raw underscore input
open parenthesis you are a winner face
exclamation points close quotations and
close parentheses and this is merely to
stop our program I'm at the very end so
it doesn't just exit and we don't know
what happened perfect save it okay so
we're now ready to run our script and
this time we're going to run it within
idle so the way we do that is go run and
then in the drop-down click run module
or f5 the keyboard shortcut ok and now
we've got it working so says guess a
number from because I didn't put a dang
space in there Oh guessing number from 0
to 10 I'm gonna type in mm 4 enter and
is higher perfect so let's guess eight
and I'm guessing purposely the wrong
answer here so now we type in seven and
it should end our scripts perfect it
says you are a winter face enter and
then it closes out our script and now
it's done perfect our script works
beautifully alright so now we're going
to talk about importing modules and this
is a way of getting functions classes
and variables from other files so why do
we use this it's a way of accessing
other libraries for stuff that you may
need so the way we do this is we use the
keyword import and then we name the file
or library that we wish to import from
you can also use from module import some
specific thing
there'll be an example of that later on
so for now the reason that we're going
to be using this is because our script
if we open it up again is very bland
because the game we already know the
answer to so we're gonna go ahead and
fix this so it's actually a much more
interesting game so when you import
files or libraries it's important to
place them at the beginning of the file
so we're gonna go ahead and go to the
very beginning and type enter enter to
get a couple spaces in there and then
we're gonna type in import random and
then right here we're going to edit this
to where it says seven we're gonna
delete that and then stet type random
dot R and R a and E range all one word
and then we're gonna punch in highest
variable that we just declared above so
what this is saying is that from the
module random which we imported above
we're gonna access the function called R
and range and what this function does is
it gets a number from zero to whatever
the highest value we punch in here in
this case it's ten so we're gonna get a
random number and stick it in our answer
now let's go ahead and save the file and
go ahead and run it go and run run
module enter okay so now I have no idea
what the numbers gonna be so I'm gonna
start out by pressing five enter and
answer is lower alright so maybe three
enter I'm away
very cool all right so now we're gonna
discuss how to break up your code into
separate files modules or chunks based
on what they do this will prevent you
from having to scroll up and down
forever in your code it makes it much
more manageable reusable recyclable and
just all-around it's a great practice to
get into alright so we've got two
separate files and we want to import
from one of them how do we do that you
do this just as before with the import
and then the file name at the top of the
script now note that the file that
you're importing from must be in the
same directory as the other file so
going back to our folder we have two
files here test and guess guessing game
if I wanted to access any functions were
from test file it has to be right next
to it in the same directory all right so
let's go ahead and try another example
we're gonna right-click and create
another file and go new text file this
one we're gonna call PHP why enter yes I
want to change it edit with idle this
point we're getting pretty good at this
huh and this is going to be a really
short function we're just kind of type
def print ham with the H uppercase open
closed parenthesis and then put a colon
enter print space ham good I love ham so
much save it and now we're done with
this file so go ahead and close it we're
gonna go ahead and right-click and
create another text file but this one
we're gonna name main dot py so a good
habit to get into is to name your main
file that's gonna be executing all your
main actions that all the classes are
gonna be imported into whatever it
should be named main or something
similar so that you know very clearly
which one you should start with when
you're coding and stuff this is merely
my practice this is not everybody else's
but it's something I'd strongly
recommend for beginners all right so
I've got my main file open I'm going to
start out by typing import space capital
P H because I named it P H up here
enter enter and now I'm going to create
a simple loop that just executes the
function within pH over and over again
and pH stands for print ham in case
you're wondering so for I in range 10 I
can type 10 : enter pH dot print ham
open closed parentheses because we
didn't have any arguments within it
enter and then I'm just gonna backspace
to type in raw underscore input and in
the quotations I'm gonna put end of line
a reference to Tron if any of you guys
catch that one okay go ahead and save
the file and let's go ahead and run it
perfect and notice here that it punched
in ham ten different times perfect and
then it printed end of line at the end
and then we can just press ENTER and it
ends beautiful alright guys thank you so
much for watching great job keeping up
today definitely take a few minutes to
investigate these final examples after
they really do have some
thought-provoking concepts within them
please leave me a comment below if any
of this helped you and please do me a
huge favor and subscribe to my channel
it would really mean a lot to me and
thank you so much for your support and
keep the dream life
[Music]
me I'm t-pain and welcome to let's learn
feel free to use the skip ahead feature
on the right side to jump to any
specific sections or examples that you'd
like to go to boo boo boo boo yeah today
we'll be using Python 2.7 point 4 you
can download it from python org slash
get it
so today's focus is going to be Python
files and user input this will build
heavily on past lessons so feel free to
click on the right side to jump back to
a previous video if anything is unclear
all right Python files what are they
they're files that end in dot P Y dot py
w or dot py c the dot py c is a compiled
Python the other two are writable in
other words you can change them so why
do we use Python files why don't we just
push everything into the shell because
if you've noticed in the past we've had
to re-type and retype stuff over and
over again this allows us to save it all
in one location and edit it if we had
need to make any changes rather than
having to retype it so it's very
flexible save our work for future use we
don't have to type things over and over
and we can run whenever we're ready so
how do we create them well it's very
simple
first let's strip to our desktop and go
ahead and create a folder and we're
gonna go ahead and name this folder
Python testing enter enter to jump into
the folder and now we have a nice clean
folder right-click on the inside in here
if you're using Mac I'm not sure but how
you're gonna do this but you're gonna go
ahead and create a text document where
you can edit the whole text name so
you're gonna name this test dot py and
you're going to change the change the
file extension to py so that we can
actually run it in python so yes we want
to change it we've now created our first
python file so we're going to right
click and we can go edit with idle enter
so for a very first python file we're
gonna go ahead and punch in just two
lines the first one is going to be print
space super ham because i love ham so
much second line
type in raw underscore input open
parentheses quotations press ENTER to
end this awesome
script in quotations in parentheses and
then we're going to go ahead and save
the file there and then close it and now
what will happen is when we double click
this file it'll run and it'll bring up a
command prompt or terminal if you're on
Mac and it'll spit out exactly what it
does so just double click on it and now
we see super ham is printed at the top
and then we see our misspelled awesome
that's bummer we see print and press
enter 2 in this awesome script press
ENTER and it ends perfect alright so I'm
going to go ahead and right click to
enter this file again and I'm going to
shrink it down note that if you double
clicked and it did nothing it could be
because you don't have python connected
to Python files and that's pretty easy
to do you just right click and then you
go open with and then you choose Python
to exe or or you can always go to your
programs directory in your C Drive C
Drive and then python typically installs
on the top of the c drive so you're
going to go right here under python 27
and then right here python dot exe
you're gonna go ahead and drag that file
right under there and it'll run
beautiful
so in our script we use this command raw
underscore input what does it do this is
a way of getting user input I'm here I
was just using it to stop the script
from running and so that when we press
entered it would just close out so how
do we use raw input well for starters
you want to typically store your values
that's going to be returned from the
user into a variable so here I've typed
D equals raw input and this basically
will store whatever the user inputs are
into the variable D raw underscore input
is the function and then within the
parentheses of raw input you're going to
punch in whatever string you want to be
output to the user
to prompt them to enter something so in
this case we preset press enter to in
this awesome script
gosh that's misspellings following me
okay and what happens is once the user
presses enter then it continues on the
script since there is nothing else after
the script it closes out the file all
right so let's try another example
that's our first ever Python game we're
gonna go ahead and create another text
file right click and we're gonna go
ahead and create text document and we're
gonna punch in guessing game if I can
spell that py enter yes we want to
change the file for file extension okay
and right click to enter with idle to
edit with idle little air ok so this is
going to be a few more lines than the
last one we're going to start out by
typing highest is equal to 10 enter
answer is equal to 7 enter guess is
equal to raw underscore input open
parenthesis quotations guess a number
from 0 to % d :
space in quotations and then we're going
to punch in % space highest so for a
quick second I'm going to break up this
line but what what we're doing is the
highest number is equal to 10 and we
want that to be plugged in to where that
% D is because it's an integer so that's
all next we're gonna type in while open
parentheses int open parentheses guess
close parentheses is not equal to answer
:
so it's basically saying while the
integer value of the guess or whatever
the user inputs is not equal to the
answer then we're going to keep running
this script enter if open parentheses in
open parentheses guests close
parentheses is less than answer :
so as long as they're guests when it's
converted from string into an integer is
less than the answer enter print space
answer is higher close parentheses enter
and then we're going to do else
enter print answer is lower so this is
basically saying hey if there guess is
higher than the answer then print answer
is higher otherwise print the answer is
lower perfect and after this we're going
to close off the loop by copying this
line right here and I'm holding shift
and typing and pressing the enter key on
the keyboard and control C and then I'm
going to press tab once to indent and
then paste it right there so this way
the user is constantly being prompted
because we have the condition of the
while loop right here as long as the
answer or that our guess is not equal to
the answer we're going to keep asking
them to input more and more and finally
if they've exited the loop then we're
going to go type in raw underscore input
open parenthesis you are a winner face
exclamation points close quotations and
close parentheses and this is merely to
stop our program I'm at the very end so
it doesn't just exit and we don't know
what happened perfect save it okay so
we're now ready to run our script and
this time we're going to run it within
idle so the way we do that is go run and
then in the drop-down click run module
or f5 the keyboard shortcut ok and now
we've got it working so says guess a
number from because I didn't put a dang
space in there Oh guessing number from 0
to 10 I'm gonna type in mm 4 enter and
is higher perfect so let's guess eight
and I'm guessing purposely the wrong
answer here so now we type in seven and
it should end our scripts perfect it
says you are a winter face enter and
then it closes out our script and now
it's done perfect our script works
beautifully alright so now we're going
to talk about importing modules and this
is a way of getting functions classes
and variables from other files so why do
we use this it's a way of accessing
other libraries for stuff that you may
need so the way we do this is we use the
keyword import and then we name the file
or library that we wish to import from
you can also use from module import some
specific thing
there'll be an example of that later on
so for now the reason that we're going
to be using this is because our script
if we open it up again is very bland
because the game we already know the
answer to so we're gonna go ahead and
fix this so it's actually a much more
interesting game so when you import
files or libraries it's important to
place them at the beginning of the file
so we're gonna go ahead and go to the
very beginning and type enter enter to
get a couple spaces in there and then
we're gonna type in import random and
then right here we're going to edit this
to where it says seven we're gonna
delete that and then stet type random
dot R and R a and E range all one word
and then we're gonna punch in highest
variable that we just declared above so
what this is saying is that from the
module random which we imported above
we're gonna access the function called R
and range and what this function does is
it gets a number from zero to whatever
the highest value we punch in here in
this case it's ten so we're gonna get a
random number and stick it in our answer
now let's go ahead and save the file and
go ahead and run it go and run run
module enter okay so now I have no idea
what the numbers gonna be so I'm gonna
start out by pressing five enter and
answer is lower alright so maybe three
enter I'm away
very cool all right so now we're gonna
discuss how to break up your code into
separate files modules or chunks based
on what they do this will prevent you
from having to scroll up and down
forever in your code it makes it much
more manageable reusable recyclable and
just all-around it's a great practice to
get into alright so we've got two
separate files and we want to import
from one of them how do we do that you
do this just as before with the import
and then the file name at the top of the
script now note that the file that
you're importing from must be in the
same directory as the other file so
going back to our folder we have two
files here test and guess guessing game
if I wanted to access any functions were
from test file it has to be right next
to it in the same directory all right so
let's go ahead and try another example
we're gonna right-click and create
another file and go new text file this
one we're gonna call PHP why enter yes I
want to change it edit with idle this
point we're getting pretty good at this
huh and this is going to be a really
short function we're just kind of type
def print ham with the H uppercase open
closed parenthesis and then put a colon
enter print space ham good I love ham so
much save it and now we're done with
this file so go ahead and close it we're
gonna go ahead and right-click and
create another text file but this one
we're gonna name main dot py so a good
habit to get into is to name your main
file that's gonna be executing all your
main actions that all the classes are
gonna be imported into whatever it
should be named main or something
similar so that you know very clearly
which one you should start with when
you're coding and stuff this is merely
my practice this is not everybody else's
but it's something I'd strongly
recommend for beginners all right so
I've got my main file open I'm going to
start out by typing import space capital
P H because I named it P H up here
enter enter and now I'm going to create
a simple loop that just executes the
function within pH over and over again
and pH stands for print ham in case
you're wondering so for I in range 10 I
can type 10 : enter pH dot print ham
open closed parentheses because we
didn't have any arguments within it
enter and then I'm just gonna backspace
to type in raw underscore input and in
the quotations I'm gonna put end of line
a reference to Tron if any of you guys
catch that one okay go ahead and save
the file and let's go ahead and run it
perfect and notice here that it punched
in ham ten different times perfect and
then it printed end of line at the end
and then we can just press ENTER and it
ends beautiful alright guys thank you so
much for watching great job keeping up
today definitely take a few minutes to
investigate these final examples after
they really do have some
thought-provoking concepts within them
please leave me a comment below if any
of this helped you and please do me a
huge favor and subscribe to my channel
it would really mean a lot to me and
thank you so much for your support and
keep the dream life
[Music]
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Dec 23, 2024 Last updated |
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