Geography Mains Revision: Distribution of Natural Resources Across World - Geography, UPSC Main Exam Video Lecture

true now when we come to natural
resources section the resources globally
UPS is not much interested in where doe
coal deposits are just for your sake
excuse me can you see this I don't think
you okay
okay imagine this is I'm North America
South America Africa Europe India
Southeast Asia is somewhere here now UPS
is no more interested in where the
caller phone where the petroleum is it
is as you may already know last year
there was a question about resource rich
Africa and the resource rich Africa and
India's please
there was a man's caution regarding this
means ups see is a little bit concerned
about the regions they are not confined
that is one the second thing is about
North Resources so to say how coal is
from how petroleum is formed but
combining of all the resources means in
a region and need significance to India
that is the type of question the trend
is in is in that direction and there are
some important pointers which I think I
should mention to you while studying
this particular word resources
look before you are preparing for civil
service you might have come across what
is geography all about description of a
place so and so during that time if you
can remember you have also studied the
entire you know domain or the discipline
of geography how it is for example this
is geography
geography is nothing but economic
geology political social so say for
example this is economics string in
geography we have economic geography in
quality here it is completely a public
administration subject quality but in
geography we have political geography
geology we have geomorphology sociology
we have cultural geography and this is
geography means what geography is a
multi Michela of many different other
subjects so there is a thin line when
you go for writing this answer Natural
Resources section because see why I am
saying this suppose if they ask the
interest of India we service South China
Sea suppose if you go on writing the I
our answer you will get zero simple as
that because it is pepper one you are
writing for pepper one geography pepper
so you need to confine yourself in
resources part and the resources
location and significance significant
geological events that are taking place
that will be your geography answer and
if you go on writing about all those
higher answered who knows your answer
might be your answer might fetch very
less money so there is a thin line while
going for resource section of the world
there is a thin line so please always
while letting the answer can find
yourself to the geographical aspect of
it and if there is some recent
activities that are happening on a
recent phenomena be the political
economic or any
directivity mentioned is in a line order
to to where you addition your answer but
the basic Toma domain or the premises of
your answer should confine with
geological factors geological factors
are Natural Resources location and sub
etc so let us start with South China Sea
this caution has been asked in previous
year UPSC means but in pepper to in
higher section but I our answer and
geographical answers are completely
different so now when you look at this
region I have selected a few region
which I find that is very important
because there are disturbances and many
other activities going on just it is
this triangle is guess feel okay one is
active and one is new discoveries just
see you don't need to stress your I see
there is plenty plenty of hydrocarbons
oil resources there are many other
resources also but mainly oil resources
in higher you might have studied about
the ONGC pradesh in this witness out
china supplies are different but you
need to know about this resource
location and when there is a question
about in any geography also please draw
a diagram even a rough diagram will do
but please draw a diagram that will face
you more marks for example Indian map
you can just draw a box it's okay let's
draw it draw it because it's opposed
India the shape of India somewhere
something like this but just you can say
this is India it's okay okay this is
answer it is not like you are doing in
the you know real earth surface okay
this is your the sheet of paper yes
because it last year there was a
question about the opening of more and
more sugar cane on the certain part of
India so you can draw India okay
North India you can say South India you
can use different you know like for
example this is for sugar mills in North
India and this sign will be like sugar
mills in South India and in the figure
itself you can say initially sugar mill
established in this region precept trend
happening in this region safe the
examiner attention will divert in this
location not in what you read and the
second thing is while writing as we all
know we make mistakes so the more
concentration the examiner is in your
figure the more happier he will be mmm
get more marks okay so while asking for
it just draw this it's not anything okay
and your answer script and suppose if
they ask you about South China Sea
the answer is we will go to the Chinese
embassy in there so you don't need to
worry
see
I'll just read through this okay India's
please concentrate because each and
every point is very important you
require only three four points Integra
I've given you more
just remember see we all know there is
no time at all for the examination
examination is just knocking at the door
now no time so don't think like you go
home your device I can unknown finish it
here okay finish it here no get okay now
see South China Sea is a major trade
route and known to be rich in untapped
hydrocarbon resources this is it you
need to start like this if it is asked
in the examination C major major trade
route very important these are
geographical factors other is unfit
hydrocarbons very important economic
interests in the region is driven by its
need of hydrocarbon resources India's
interest can you realize this plutonium
companies of India there may be
additional hydrocarbon reserves in
unexplored area of sunshine se
territorial dispute order see in the
earth maritime doctrine which outlines
the importance of protecting the
nation's economic interests India is
also investing in hydro carbon assets
worldwide okay which would have to be
maintained by sea and use of sea land
for repatriation to India okay security
of energy this is a strong maritime
component which will remain a prime
national concern
so this is how significant South
China Sea is and this is a geographical
answer I don't think this is some higher
answer this is a geographical answer
because energy security is also very
important in geography and especially in
the type of question that has been asked
by the UPSC about India's interest
India's interest is basically a security
of energy you can leave
this up to other type of cautions like
for in in other type of paper also rise
to population the level or the per
capita energy consumption of Indian
population we service the Western
countries or the Southeast Asian
countries some like for example the
Asian countries I can say it is very low
India's per capita energy consumption is
very low and there are environmental
issues already very important in more
mental issues that are going on so how
India can be an energy secure so another
very important term what is energy
security there are many definition but
if you are else to write in to life in
the particular moment of the examination
how it will come see I will tell you
energy security is nothing but
uninterrupted supply of power or
uninterrupted supply of energy that is
power at one affordable cost the cost
should be affordable okay only to third
minute I remember uninterrupted supply
of energy at affordable course that is
known as energy security plus that said
convenience is a resource reach area and
India's commitment will be present in
the area brings in the hope of economic
cooperation with this is important
literal states this is important another
important point is fisheries okay
this is very important fishing sector is
very important in India we are not that
famous but it is very important sector
it is a very important sector because if
you see the entire land mass of the
earth as compared to the water bodies
you all know and the resources these
resources is in the water bodies okay
in many countries this is one of the
most important foreign currency earning
India's interest in North Korea North
Korea is become becoming important you
might have started in your higher
section in the n MOS mineral Minister of
State for what extra for Home Kiren
Rijiju at the meeting so see why not
Korea is important because North Korea
is very rich in riyadh metals and this
rare earth metals is very important for
india's electronics industry in this
manufacturing policy making india policy
India's manufacturing policy IT sector
electronics everything depends on rare
earth metal suppose if you in India you
want open why it is called rare earth
metal if it is not in abundance in all
the places see it is this found in very
less location in the world very rare
that's why it is called rare hurt metal
okay one of the men order reach rear end
metal location is North Korea that's why
you can just see there are early sign of
emanating from Western capitals on
reorienting high speed yoga even though
Western countries are shifting their
policy their policy towards North Korea
in spite of them having this one nuclear
chlorophyll flare the relation that is
the key
okay quickly let us go into my honor
these are the resources very resource
rich these are mineral resources but in
this entire Basin you have huge
hydrocarbon reserves how it is important
look in this interesting manual English
national security interest among
emergence of economically strong and
modernized management natural resources
but industrially is still under
development it is important because the
next will follow from this
it needs intermediate level of
technologies to beef W industrial phase
India is in a position to provide in a
liquid a crow tech forest best metal
original oiler case exploration autumn
OS to build this light you will find
very easy just read it communication
development all this IT education and ok
what is this yes this is Mobilier now
look look at this ah can you look this
can you see this what is this what is it
this is gold ah okay I read in the paper
like for it movies Fiesta like the Pony
is 480 grams this is gone see NK you see
you won't find you don't have to stretch
your eye you will because it is in plain
dear say coal coal on everywhere coal
and when you come to this uranium you
will find uranium you see overall the
entire mobile n region it is very rich
in mineral resources as well as energy
reserve but one of the most important
thing is it has less population density
and they have state type of vegetation
on certain part means on was region
steps means it is very good for
agricultural cultivation
if you bring that into you know like for
example if you manage with so that is
one of the potentials for India okay
because in India we are having food food
security issue in India so we are
planning that similar policy towards the
African continent we are buying links
they are cultivating the agriculture
sector has been develop in that region
the same they are determined the scope
in mobile in region second thing is
about coal uranium but let us see in
detail further the implications and
whether the interest of India mineral
discoveries are key to expanding
Mongolians appeal to exploration
companies in fact Mongolia's natural
resources such as uranium coal copper
deposits are mouthwatering but for India
to compete with other stakeholders plus
transporting Mongolia's riches to India
would remain hazardous and an economical
understood call the worth Magi are
making logical apologetic
nevertheless India should explore the
prospect of developing a coal mine in
this region birth quiz here okay India
should consider Mongolia as a green zone
of economic development observed SciTech
feature and production of skills in
mortal ization process India should
invest in a grow farming in the worst
Mongolia States Mongolia plays a very
important role energy transportation as
it falls on the close Frodo
major energy supply routes this is very
important this is important you are
graphically at the same time
strategically this is very important
because on the western side is Russia
Easter site is China and if you can link
up a little bit with one belt one road
project then the entire picture will
become much clearer and it will be a
complete answer in itself okay
India also needs a needs to factor more
: is Russia policy else
for some safeguarding interests
asia-pacific region okay these are just
for a writer no no this is important
this is important
resource-rich trans-siberia and far is
in the world map if you see there is if
this is Russia
this is Mongolia Eastern Central Asia
this is China if this is Siberia region
all these are Siberia
now Siberia is considered very rich in
natural resources mineral resources now
in a point in the future suppose if
there is a possibility or technology
level has developed to such an extent it
is possible to go for a resource mining
in this particular location if suppose
it needs to be brought to India you
cannot without Mongolia it has to pass
through memory so it big so mobula
becomes geographically very important
for will transportation as well as the
development of the resources in the
mammalian region itself this is latin
america i have clubbed the two lady neg
america as well as the south africa
copper will fight
petroleum resources this is Vinnie's
Yuliya okay very resources neck reserves
our model Saudi Arabian Sea territorial
Xboxes of course is six times the size
of India these are very important
natural resources and now with seemingly
in exhausted arable land freshwater sea
because of Palm City of them we will be
able to discuss over this month I think
you already know sea water issue is as
important as the issue of oil okay and
it is oil the importance of oil will
come down everything then the
intellectuals are saying like that all
the experts are saying like that but the
importance of water will go up will rise
fresh water so see the same thing
suppose if you are analyzing the
Mongolian region or the South China Sea
or any other location if you can bring
some angle about fresh water angle the
value of your answer will just go on
okay massive deposits of coal iron ore
coal and hydrocarbons india imports
copper from chile india imports eatable
oil from Argentina Peru is becoming an
important exporter of coals to India
okay these are some important countries
Brazil is equally important I have just
clubbed everything in a very broad
manner please go accordingly some
important countries say for example
Brazil Argentina one of one or two many
important aspects you don't have to
remember everything because geography is
not a subject to maca
okay little bit of understanding and
connection of things will suffice the
material that you need to go in
producing the examination in this energy
security there are we some is the South
Latin America and some am
country there are several hydrocarbon
burning zones onshore and offshore see
Missoula has higher reserves of wealth
and Saudi Arabia in UPSC the geography
optional paper they have asked about
this question so who lost it has the
chances of coming in your GES paper
awesome fresh discoveries in Brazil and
Colombia whole log exciting prospect or
oil resources on uranium and coal
deposit uranium is becoming very
important for India India's agreement
with the Australian control Australia
India with Kazakhstan India with Canada
everything to do with this even though
we don't like the other person or the
other country we smile and just wish
them this and that because we want this
sparsely populated South American land
mass it meets the demarcation of
agricultural zones or cultivation of
sugar cane okay come on biodiesel
prospect for renewable energy
significant port reason concentrate in
this region this is Central American
region Caspian Sea this is Central
American region which country is this
this will be study anyway oil coal
energy product aluminum very rich entire
Central Asian country I will just read
and if you find any difficulty please
stop me and clarify you're not an
important area for India in Central
Asian region is the oil and gas sector
this is because energy security is a
basic requirement today
this region is thought to contain key
global reserves the main oil and gas
deposits in Central American regions are
Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan
whereas kurkistan
and Tajikistan have enormous heightened
resources hydropower resources increase
please Tajikistan and Krishna please
this is very important okay sometimes we
tend to divert our attention only with
the carbon hydrocarbons and we miss out
such important aspects see the same
principle we are following in good time
Bhutan is a hiatal power reach vital
part in German English benefiting
tremendously from Bhutan the same thing
can be done in Tajikistan because
geographically also it is one of the
nearest let's compare to the other
countries a free culture and food
processing is another promising area see
when he talks about agriculture food
processing this is a geography etc this
can be an economic answer also so it
might help you in your economic part of
I I the countries of the region have
huge tract of arable lands available and
the farmers particularly generally do
not use it means organic farming
potential of organic coming that can be
a one point besides agriculture
cooperation can also happen India's food
security means energy security food
security okay second UPC who knows they
might ask about saffron see there was a
recent issue of saffron saffron
cultivation in Kashmir of your came
across that in newspaper so you can link
up this that saffron issue with the
saffron collaboration with this Central
Asian countries
okay just go through you know just
understand challenges of course one of
the most important challenges about
direct link means we talk about top you
project we talk about many other oil in
case pipeline but we all know the
geopolitical issue involving we have the
country's so those are one of the basic
limitation so but in geography answer
you just say connectivity conductivity
be the road connectivity be the energy
connectivity pipeline connectivity all
those will be your geography ins this is
Australia there's no of Canada in Canada
there are many resources but we will be
concentrating on uranium on HC this
region is very reaching uranium and in
this interest in Canada Canada is the
world's second largest producer of your
name 15 percent of global output it will
help greater energy diversification for
Indians in Canada is very far away
that's compared to India but you know
the issue of oil crisis Middle East oil
crisis you are you might have studied in
India after independence or many other
books see one region when other some
political turmoil some geopolitical
activity it affected the India
perilously and in 90s it has you know
completely shuttered take a the economy
of India we went baking into IMF about
our POV mismatch
that is the significance so
diversification of energy from one
region to the other is very important
and Canada is one of those country where
India can diversify because it in
Central Asian region also in Kazakhstan
in Australia there is a uranium then why
do Co for Canada first there are many
huge reserves but one of the most
important point is diversification of
energy dependence of India let's go
through this one other very important
point is Canada has a rich forest yes
coniferous forests huge huge and huge
loking industry is one of the most
important one of the most important
industry in Canada because population
density is slow and there are lots of
opportunities so see India these days in
advertisement or in other you know
television advertisement on Holdings you
will find lot of furniture companies see
so markets are opening up ok markets are
opening up there is a chances of
collaboration also any media logging is
one of the most important issue in or
mobility relation forest degradation and
all so and also we will skull we will
discuss later in Indian section but the
see pepper mill in India is a sick
industry it is considered as it is not
healthy the pepper industry in here why
one is the availability of raw material
the pulp why because the normal
delicious deforestation so in that area
Canada can you know really help to
supply the raw material for our new
spring and for pepper industry that is
how you can write the essay this is
articulation okay just got to this it is
very rich considered this is a very rich
with natural resources in these
entrances of course you know natural for
energy energy security is one of the
most important thing but along with that
if it will do this shrinking of I cover
will make the Arctic quadrant navigable
potential sea routes true which
navigation will be carried out our
northern sea route not wasteful there
are two routes that has already been
committed you can say people are using
see suppose you are going from Rotterdam
to San Francisco presently or till now
what we did was we travel along the
Atlantic Ocean first through this
Caribbean pass through the Panama Canal
go to the Norton type of numbering that
but with the opening above this region
because glaciers are melting
so ship can be coat through this so not
with Norway's passage from here you can
straight away go to San Francisco and it
is half moon this distance is less than
this half even less than half the second
rose is northern sea route suppose you
are going from Rotterdam to Yokohama in
Japan the existing route was
what is this yes actually you should
come in this Swiss can melaka the melaka
strip but now it reduces by room 14 to
15 days so why is this important
there is a see study of this changes
means study of changes this changes
means the changes in the melting of I
okay
and opening up of the through the sea
routes okay study of this changes is
pertinent for the economy in order to
understand this slightly effect on the
Indian monsoon so can you appreciate how
melting of I is directly related to the
moon sold in India please try to
establish the core relationship and
understands and linkages between the
monsoon and the climatic condition of
the Arctic region in there scientists
believe that the melting of I may hinder
the absorption of carbon dioxide and as
a consequence speed up global warming so
against global warming so see there are
many dimensions and the second thing is
let me tell you this by you all know the
principle of buoyancy while we'll talk
this in detail when you go for sea level
but what happens in buoyancy the sea
level does not rise that much because
the amount of the water you displace
okay there is a adjustment that takes
place so if something is floating then
it doesn't change the sea level much so
by melting of the Arctic region the
level of the sea might not rise that
much means the environmental effect will
be very less but when you talk about the
global warming for example this is an
eye cover
sunrays will hit him it will reflect I
has a high albedo reflectivity so it
will reflect very close when it reflects
efficiently less heat will be written so
less warming suppose for example this
surface is completely melted now in
spite of heating the eye it will hit the
surface surface albedo is much less than
the eye
so more heat will be captured less
deficient reflection with x-play so more
in to be captured so this is one of the
main reason why melting of the eye is
important let's read through okay this
one okay
this is the yellow one physical
geography in brief you want me to
continue with India or you want to take
a break for five minutes let us take
effect