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New Zealand- Physiography, Climate, Economy - World Geography, UPSC Mains Exam Video Lecture

FAQs on New Zealand- Physiography, Climate, Economy - World Geography, UPSC Mains Exam Video Lecture

1. What is the physiography of New Zealand?

Ans. New Zealand has a diverse physiography characterized by mountain ranges, volcanic activity, coastal plains, and fjords. The North Island is dominated by volcanic activity, with active volcanoes and geothermal areas. The South Island is known for its Southern Alps, which include the highest peak, Mount Cook. The country also has numerous lakes, rivers, and fjords, such as Milford Sound.

2. What is the climate of New Zealand?

Ans. New Zealand has a temperate maritime climate, with mild temperatures and relatively high rainfall throughout the year. However, the climate varies across the country due to its diverse topography. The North Island generally experiences warmer and more humid weather, while the South Island is cooler. The west coast of both islands receives more rainfall than the east coast, and the mountainous regions have alpine climates with snowfall in winter.

3. What is the economy of New Zealand like?

Ans. The economy of New Zealand is primarily based on agriculture, tourism, and services. The country is known for its dairy and meat exports, with agriculture playing a significant role in the economy. Tourism also contributes significantly, with visitors attracted to the country's natural beauty and adventure activities. New Zealand has a well-developed financial sector, and technology and creative industries are growing sectors as well.

4. What are the main challenges faced by New Zealand's economy?

Ans. Some of the main challenges faced by New Zealand's economy include its geographical isolation, limited domestic market, and vulnerability to external shocks. The country's isolation makes trade and transportation costly, affecting the competitiveness of its exports. Additionally, New Zealand heavily relies on foreign markets, making it susceptible to global economic fluctuations. Other challenges include infrastructure development, skill shortages, and environmental sustainability.

5. How does New Zealand promote sustainable economic growth?

Ans. New Zealand promotes sustainable economic growth through various measures. The country has a strong focus on renewable energy sources, with a significant portion of its electricity coming from renewable sources such as hydro, wind, and geothermal power. New Zealand also emphasizes conservation and sustainable management of its natural resources, including forests and marine ecosystems. Additionally, policies promoting innovation, research, and development contribute to long-term economic sustainability.

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Sep 03, 2025 Last updated

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