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Summary: Buddhism & Jainism Video Lecture | Famous Books for UPSC Exam (Summary & Tests)

FAQs on Summary: Buddhism & Jainism Video Lecture - Famous Books for UPSC Exam (Summary & Tests)

1. What are the main similarities between Buddhism and Jainism?

Ans. Both Buddhism and Jainism are ancient religions that originated in India and share some similarities. Both reject the authority of the Vedas and the caste system, emphasize non-violence, and follow the path of self-realization. However, Buddhism focuses more on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) and the Four Noble Truths, while Jainism places a strong emphasis on non-violence towards all living beings and the concept of ahimsa.

2. How do Buddhism and Jainism differ in their approach to non-violence?

Ans. While both Buddhism and Jainism advocate for non-violence, they differ in their approach. Buddhism promotes non-violence as part of the Eightfold Path to end suffering, where one must refrain from harming others. Jainism, on the other hand, takes non-violence to an extreme level by practicing ahimsa towards all living beings, including insects and microorganisms. Jains believe in the strictest form of non-violence, even avoiding harm to plants and wearing masks to prevent accidentally inhaling insects.

3. What role does meditation play in Buddhism and Jainism?

Ans. Meditation holds a significant role in both Buddhism and Jainism as a means to achieve spiritual enlightenment and self-realization. In Buddhism, meditation is a fundamental practice to calm the mind, develop mindfulness, and gain insight into the true nature of reality. It is an integral part of the Noble Eightfold Path. In Jainism, meditation is considered a pathway to attain a pure and tranquil state of mind, leading to spiritual liberation or moksha.

4. How do Buddhism and Jainism view the concept of karma?

Ans. Both Buddhism and Jainism believe in the concept of karma, which states that actions have consequences that affect future lives or rebirths. However, they differ in their understanding of karma. Buddhism views karma as a natural law of cause and effect, emphasizing that one's actions can lead to positive or negative outcomes in this life and future lives. Jainism, on the other hand, considers karma as physical particles that bind to the soul and create bondage, leading to the cycle of birth and death.

5. What are the main differences between the religious scriptures of Buddhism and Jainism?

Ans. The religious scriptures of Buddhism and Jainism differ in their content and teachings. Buddhism primarily follows the Tripitaka, also known as the "Three Baskets," which consist of the Vinaya Pitaka (rules for monastic discipline), Sutta Pitaka (discourses of the Buddha), and Abhidhamma Pitaka (philosophical analysis). Jainism's main religious scriptures are known as Agamas, which contain the teachings of the Jain Tirthankaras (spiritual leaders) and focus on ethics, meditation, and the path to liberation.

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