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Peasant Movements in late 19th Century Video Lecture | History for UPSC CSE
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| 1. What were the main causes of peasant movements in the late 19th century? |  |
Ans. The main causes of peasant movements in the late 19th century included economic hardships such as rising land rents, heavy taxation, and the impact of industrialization which marginalized rural communities. Additionally, social factors such as the desire for land reform and better working conditions fueled these movements.
| 2. How did peasant movements impact social and political structures during the late 19th century? | |
Ans. Peasant movements during the late 19th century significantly challenged existing social and political structures. They often led to demands for land reform, influenced political parties, and sometimes resulted in uprisings that prompted governments to reconsider policies regarding agriculture and rural rights.
| 3. What were some notable peasant movements in different countries during the late 19th century? | |
Ans. Notable peasant movements during the late 19th century included the Russian Peasant Reform of 1861, the Indian Kisan Sabha movement, and the Mexican agrarian movements. Each of these movements sought to address grievances related to land ownership, taxation, and labor conditions.
| 4. How did government responses to peasant movements vary across different regions in the late 19th century? | |
Ans. Government responses varied widely; some regimes implemented reforms to address peasant grievances, while others resorted to repression and military force to quell uprisings. For instance, in Russia, the government introduced land reforms after the 1861 uprising, whereas in India, colonial authorities often suppressed movements harshly.
| 5. What role did ideology play in the organization of peasant movements in the late 19th century? | |
Ans. Ideology played a crucial role in organizing peasant movements by providing a framework for collective action. Socialism, agrarianism, and nationalism were prevalent ideologies that motivated peasants to organize, demand rights, and challenge the status quo, leading to broader social and political changes.
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