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All questions of Introduction for Computer Science Engineering (CSE) Exam

Name a volatile memory.
  • a)
    RAM
  • b)
    EPROM
  • c)
    ROM
  • d)
    EEPROM
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Safal Shrestha answered
RAM is the volatile memory because it saved your file temporarily and can be erased upon you closed your computer.

 Which is the concatenated register of MC68HC11?
  • a)
    D
  • b)
    X
  • c)
    IP
  • d)
    DI
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The concatenated register of MC68HC11 is the D register. The MC68HC11 is a microcontroller unit (MCU) developed by Motorola. It is widely used in embedded systems and has a wide range of applications.

- The MC68HC11 has a total of 16-bit data registers, which are divided into four 8-bit registers called D0, D1, D2, and D3.
- These four registers can be concatenated to form a 16-bit register called the D register.
- The D register allows for easy manipulation of 16-bit data. It is particularly useful for arithmetic and logical operations that involve 16-bit values.
- The D register can be accessed as a whole or can be split into its constituent 8-bit parts (D0-D3).
- The D register is commonly used for storing temporary variables, intermediate results, and data that requires 16-bit precision.
- The D register is also used for transferring data between memory and peripheral devices.
- In addition to the D register, the MC68HC11 also has other registers such as the X register, the Y register, the program counter (PC), and the data index register (D).

In summary, the concatenated register of MC68HC11 is the D register. It is a 16-bit register formed by concatenating the four 8-bit data registers (D0-D3). The D register is commonly used for arithmetic and logical operations involving 16-bit data and for transferring data between memory and peripheral devices.

By which instruction does the switching of registers take place?
  • a)
    Instruction opcodes
  • b)
    AXX instruction
  • c)
    EXX instruction
  • d)
    Register instruction
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: Only one set of registers can be used at one time and the switching of registers and data transfer is performed by the EXX instruction.

 What kind of visual panel is used for seven segmented display?
  • a)
    LED
  • b)
    LCD
  • c)
    Binary output
  • d)
    Analogue output
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajeev Menon answered
A seven-segment display (SSD), or seven-segment indicator, is a form of electronic display device for displaying decimal numerals that is an alternative to the more complex dot matrix displays.

How the input terminals are associated with the external environments?
  • a)
    Actuators
  • b)
    Sensors
  • c)
    Inputs
  • d)
    Outputs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Preethi Iyer answered
Explanation: Sensors measures the physical quantity and convert it into electrical means whereas actuators convert electrical quantity into physical quantity.

Which of the following microprocessor is designed by Zilog?
  • a)
    Z80
  • b)
    Zigbee
  • c)
    80386
  • d)
    8087
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Gargi Menon answered
Explanation: Designed by Zilog in 1976. 80386 and 8087 are the processors designed by Intel and Zigbee is IEEE based which is used for high-level communication protocol.

Which is the single device capable of providing prototyping support for a range of microcontroller?
  • a)
    ROM
  • b)
    Umbrella device
  • c)
    OTP
  • d)
    RAM
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Vandana Desai answered
The Umbrella device is the single device capable of providing prototyping support for a range of microcontrollers. Let's understand why.

What is an Umbrella device?
An Umbrella device is a device that supports the prototyping of a range of microcontrollers by providing a common interface for programming, debugging, and testing.

Advantages of an Umbrella device:
- Saves cost and time: Instead of buying separate devices for each microcontroller, an Umbrella device can be used, which saves cost and time.
- Easy to use: An Umbrella device provides a common interface for programming, debugging, and testing, which makes it easy to use.
- Flexibility: An Umbrella device supports a range of microcontrollers, which provides flexibility to the user.

Disadvantages of an Umbrella device:
- Limited functionality: Since an Umbrella device supports a range of microcontrollers, it may not provide all the functionality that is available in a dedicated device.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, an Umbrella device is the single device capable of providing prototyping support for a range of microcontrollers. It provides a common interface for programming, debugging, and testing, which saves cost and time and makes it easy to use. However, it may not provide all the functionality that is available in a dedicated device.

Name a nonvolatile memory.
  • a)
    ROM
  • b)
    RAM
  • c)
    SRAM
  • d)
    DRAM
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: Non-volatile memory is the one which retains its content even when the power is removed. This is done by an on-chip read only memory (ROM) or an external EPROM. The software that it contains the program which is capable of obtaining the full software from another source within or outside of the system. This initialisation routine is also referred to as bootstrap program or routine.

Which of the following possesses a CISC architecture?
  • a)
    MC68020
  • b)
    ARC
  • c)
    Atmel AVR
  • d)
    Blackfin
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

MC68020 is having a CISC architecture. CISC architecture is used for code efficiency whereas RISC architecture is used for speeding up the processor. ARC, Atmel AVR, and Blackfin are RISC architectures.

 How many bits does MC68HC05 possess?
  • a)
    4
  • b)
    8
  • c)
    16
  • d)
    32
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

MC68HC05 is a microcontroller unit (MCU) that belongs to the HC05 family of 8-bit microcontrollers developed by Motorola. The number "68" in the name represents the architecture of the microcontroller.

The MC68HC05 possesses 8 bits.

Explanation:
1. MC68HC05 Architecture:
- The MC68HC05 is an 8-bit microcontroller, which means it can process data in chunks of 8 bits at a time.
- It uses an 8-bit data bus and has 8-bit internal and external data registers.
- The 8-bit architecture allows the microcontroller to handle data and perform arithmetic and logical operations on 8-bit operands.

2. Bit Size:
- A bit is the basic unit of information in computing and can have two possible values - 0 or 1.
- The bit size of a microcontroller refers to the number of bits it uses to represent data and perform operations.
- In the case of the MC68HC05, it uses 8 bits, which means it can represent values from 0 to 255 (2^8 - 1) and perform operations on 8-bit data.

3. Benefits of 8-bit Microcontrollers:
- 8-bit microcontrollers like the MC68HC05 are commonly used in embedded systems and low-end applications.
- They are cost-effective and require fewer resources compared to higher bit microcontrollers.
- The 8-bit architecture is sufficient for many simple applications where the processing requirements are not very demanding.

Conclusion:
The MC68HC05 possesses 8 bits, making it an 8-bit microcontroller. The 8-bit architecture allows it to handle data and perform operations on 8-bit operands, making it suitable for low-end applications and embedded systems.

 Which one of the following is board based system?
  • a)
    Data bus
  • b)
    Address bus
  • c)
    VMEbus
  • d)
    DMA bus
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: VMEbus is Versa module Europa Bus which is used as board based system for easy manipulation. VMEbus is a computer bus standard developed for Motorola MC6800 family and is mainly based on Eurocard sizes.

What kind of socket does an external EPROM to plugged in for prototyping?
  • a)
    Piggyback
  • b)
    Single socket
  • c)
    Multi-socket
  • d)
    Piggyback reset socket
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Preethi Iyer answered
Explanation: Some controllers use a special package called piggyback socket on the top of the package to allow the EPROM for prototyping.

 Which of the following is an RISC architecture?
  • a)
    80286
  • b)
    MIPS
  • c)
    Zilog Z80
  • d)
    80386
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Saikat Basu answered
Explanation: MIPS possess an RISC architecture whereas 80386, 80286 and Zilog Z80 are CISC architectures.

Which is the first microcontroller?
  • a)
    8051
  • b)
    Arm
  • c)
    TMS1000
  • d)
    Intel 4004
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The correct answer is option 'C', TMS1000.

TMS1000 was the first microcontroller introduced in the market. It was developed by Texas Instruments (TI) in 1971.

Microcontrollers are integrated circuits that contain a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. They are designed to perform specific tasks and are widely used in various electronic devices and systems.

Below are the reasons why TMS1000 is considered the first microcontroller:

1. Introduction of TMS1000:
- Texas Instruments introduced the TMS1000 microcontroller in 1971, marking the beginning of microcontroller technology.
- The TMS1000 was a 4-bit microcontroller with an 8-bit program memory and 256 bytes of RAM.
- It was designed for applications such as calculators, digital watches, and other small electronic devices.

2. Features of TMS1000:
- The TMS1000 had an on-chip program ROM (Read-Only Memory) that stored the program instructions.
- It also had on-chip RAM (Random Access Memory) for data storage during program execution.
- The microcontroller had a built-in clock generator and I/O ports for interfacing with external devices.
- It supported a wide range of input/output functions and had a low power consumption.

3. Impact and Influence:
- The introduction of the TMS1000 revolutionized the field of embedded systems.
- It provided a complete solution in a single chip, eliminating the need for separate components and reducing the overall system cost.
- The success of the TMS1000 paved the way for further advancements in microcontroller technology.
- It inspired other companies to develop their own microcontrollers, leading to the rapid growth and widespread use of microcontrollers in various industries.

In conclusion, the TMS1000 microcontroller developed by Texas Instruments in 1971 is considered the first microcontroller. Its introduction marked the beginning of a new era in embedded systems and laid the foundation for the development of more advanced microcontrollers in the future.

What is the purpose of memory refresh register of Z80?
  • a)
    To control on-chip DRAM
  • b)
    To control on-chip SRAM
  • c)
    To control ROM
  • d)
    To clear cache
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: In addition to the general purpose registers, a stack pointer, program counter, and two index registers are included in Z80. It was also used in many embedded designs because of its high-quality performance and for its in-built refresh circuitry for DRAMs.

Which type of memory is suitable for low volume production of embedded systems?
  • a)
    ROM
  • b)
    Volatile
  • c)
    Non-volatile
  • d)
    RAM
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Preethi Iyer answered
Explanation: The devices which use non-volatile memory allow the software to download and returned in the device. UV erasable EPROM is favorable but EEPROM is also a gaining favor. Therefore, this type of memory is used in low volume production.

It retains its content when power is removed. What type of memory is this?
  • a)
    Volatile memory
  • b)
    Nonvolatile memory
  • c)
    RAM
  • d)
    SRAM
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Preethi Iyer answered
Explanation: Nonvolatile devices are those which always retains it content even when any abrupt change occurs and nonvolatile memory are a kind of such devices. But RAM is a volatile memory which is a primary storage that can only access its data only when the device is powered and SRAM is a type of RAM which is called Static RAM.

The initial routine is often referred to as
  • a)
    Initial program
  • b)
    Bootstrap program
  • c)
    Final program
  • d)
    Initial embedded program
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: ROM contains the program which is capable of obtaining the full software from another source within or outside of the system. This initialisation routine is also referred to as bootstrap program or routine.

What type of memory is suitable for high volume production?
  • a)
    RAM
  • b)
    ROM
  • c)
    EPROM
  • d)
    EEPROM
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Preethi Iyer answered
Explanation: Read Only Memory is suitable for high volume production since it is a nonvolatile memory.

Which one of the following is UV erasable?
  • a)
    Flash memory
  • b)
    SRAM
  • c)
    EPROM
  • d)
    DRAM
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Preethi Iyer answered
Explanation: EPROM is an erasable program and it can be erased by ultraviolet radiations. SRAM and DRAM are volatile memories. Flash memory to is a volatile memory but it is not UV erasable.

Which of the following is a 4-bit architecture?
  • a)
    MC6800
  • b)
    8086
  • c)
    80386
  • d)
    National COP series
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: National COP series is a 4-bit processor whereas MC6800 is an 8-bit processor, 8086 is a 16-bit processor and 80386 is a 32-bit processor.

What type of memory is suitable for medium volume production?
  • a)
    Umbrella devices
  • b)
    OTP
  • c)
    ROM
  • d)
    RAM
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: One-time programmable memory is also a nonvolatile memory so it is used for medium volume production.

Which are the two additional registers of Z80?
  • a)
    Interrupt and NMI
  • b)
    NMI and PSW
  • c)
    Interrupt vector and memory refresh
  • d)
    NMI and memory refresh
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Gargi Menon answered
Explanation: The Interrupt vector(IV) register is used in the interrupt handling. Mode 2 is used to point the required software routine to process the interrupt. In mode 1, the interrupt vector is supplied via the external data bus.

Which one of the following is a microcontroller from Motorola?
  • a)
    MC68HC05
  • b)
    4004
  • c)
    MIPS
  • d)
    8080
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ishaan Saini answered
Explanation: MC68HC05 is designed by Motorola but 4004 and 8080 are designed by Intel. MIPS is designed by MIPS technology.

 VME bus stands for
  • a)
    Versa module Europa bus
  • b)
    Versa module embedded bus
  • c)
    Vertical module embedded bus
  • d)
    Vertical module Europa bus
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: A computer bus standard in Eurocard sizes mainly developed for Motorola MC6800 family and later on used in many applications and approved by IEEE.

Z80 is mainly based on
  • a)
    Intel 8080
  • b)
    MIPS
  • c)
    TIMS
  • d)
    8051
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: Its architecture is based on Intel 8080 but has an extended instruction set and hardware improvement.

 Which one of the following is an asynchronous communication channel?
  • a)
    SPI
  • b)
    MUDs
  • c)
    MOO
  • d)
    VOIP
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ankit Mehta answered
Explanation: MOO, MUDs, and VOIP are apps for the online conference which is synchronous but SPI is an asynchronous communication channel.

Which of the following microcontroller is used in engine management system?
  • a)
    MC68HC05
  • b)
    MC68HC11
  • c)
    Intel 80286
  • d)
    Intel 8086
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Ishaan Saini answered
Explanation: MC68HC11 was originally designed in conjunction with General Motors for use within engine management systems. As a result, its initial versions had built-in EEPROM/OTP ROM, RAM, digital I/O, timers,8 channel 8 bit A/D converter, PWM generator, and synchronous and asynchronous communications channels (RS232 and SPI).

 Which of the following can be a paired set of 16-bit register?
  • a)
    CD
  • b)
    HL
  • c)
    AB
  • d)
    EH
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: Registers B, C, D,E, H and L are 8-bit general-purpose registers that can be concatenated to produce 16 registers known as BC, DE, and HL.

How many bytes of EPROM does MC68HC7054A possess?
  • a)
    176 bytes
  • b)
    240 bytes
  • c)
    4144 bytes
  • d)
    1024 bytes
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Ishaan Saini answered
Explanation: There are defined memory size for different processors and controllers. The MC68HC705A has 4144 bytes of EPROM.

What kind of memory does an OTP have?
  • a)
    SRAM
  • b)
    RAM
  • c)
    EPROM
  • d)
    DRAM
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation: OTP is one-time programming so it should possess a nonvolatile memory and EPROM is a nonvolatile memory whereas SRAM, DRAM and RAM are volatile memories.

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