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All questions of Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants for NEET Exam

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

 Which tissue is required to be present in between stock and scion during grafting?​

  • A:

    Xylem

  • B:

    Phloem

  • C:

    Meristem

  • D:

    Parenchyma.

The answer is b.

Vijay Bansal answered
Phloem, also called bast, tissues in plants that conduct foods made in the leaves to all other parts of the plant. Phloem is composed of various specialized cells called sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres, and phloem parenchyma cells. Primary phloem is formed by the apical meristems (zones of new cell production) of root and shoot tips; it may be either protophloem, the cells of which are matured before elongation (during growth) of the area in which it lies, or metaphloem, the cells of which mature after elongation. Sieve tubes of protophloem are unable to stretch with the elongating tissues and are torn and destroyed as the plant ages. The other cell types in the phloem may be converted to fibres. The later maturing metaphloem is not destroyed and may function during the rest of the plant’s life in plants such as palms but is replaced by secondary phloem in plants that have a cambium.
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Wind pollination is common in
  • a)
    Lilies
  • b)
    Legumes
  • c)
    Grasses
  • d)
    Orchids
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vijay Bansal answered
Grasses are wind-pollinated, and a single flower head of an average grass can produce ten million pollen grains! Any one of those only has a miniscule chance of landing on the stigma of one of is own kind, so while the pollen may be carried incredible distances, the majority of the grains tend to land within just a few metres of the plant. Therefore wind-pollinated plants usually grow closely together, to increase the likelihood of pollination.

Sporopollenin an organic material is present in
  • a)
    Exine
  • b)
    Intine
  • c)
    Style
  • d)
    Stigma
Correct answer is 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Shraddha Gupta answered
The  exine of  the pollen  grain is made  of sporopollenin.  Sporopollenin is  one  of the  most resistant  organic  compounds.  It  can  withstand  high  temperature, strong acids  and alkalis  and cannot  be  degraded by  any  of  the known  enzymes. Hence, it acts as a shield and protects the pollen grain from getting damaged.

An organic substance that can withstand environmental extremes and cannot be degraded by any enzyme is :[2012]
  • a)
    Cuticle
  • b)
    Sporopollenin
  • c)
    Lignin
  • d)
    Cellulose
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Mehta answered
Sporopollenin is a fatty substance present in the exine of pollen grains. It is resistant to microbial and chemical decomposition and can withstand the extreme environmental conditions. Due to presence of sporopollenin, pollen grains are well preserved during fossilization.

When pollen is transferred from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of the same plant, pollination is referred to:
  • a)
    Geitonogamy
  • b)
    Allogamy
  • c)
    Xenogamy
  • d)
    Siphonogamy
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Shah answered
  • In self-pollinating plants, there is less dependence on external factors to cause pollination.
  • These plants depend on wind or other smaller insects that visit the flower regularly.
  • In self- pollinating flowers, the anthers, and stigma are of similar lengths to facilitate the transfer of pollen.
Self -pollination can be further divided into two types:
  1. Autogamy– In this type of self-pollination, the pollen is transferred from the anthers of one flower to the stigma of the same flower.
  2. Geitonogamy– In this type of self- pollination, the anthers are transferred from the anthers of one flower to the stigma of another flower but on the same plant.
Self Pollination:
Hence, the correct option is A
NCERT Reference: Topic “Pollination” of chapter "Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants" of NCERT

The plant parts which consists of two generation one within the other:         (2020)
(a) Pollen grains inside the anther
(b) Germinated pollen grain with two male gametes
(c) Seed inside the fruit
(d) Embryo sac inside the ovule
  • a)
    (a), (b) and (c)
  • b)
    (c) and (d)
  • c)
    (a) and (d) 
  • d)
    (a) only
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sanjana Reddy answered
The plant parts which consist of two generations, one within the other are:

(d) Embryo sac inside the ovule - The ovule is the female reproductive part of the flower which contains the embryo sac. The embryo sac is the female gametophyte that contains the egg cell and other cells required for fertilization. The ovule develops into a seed after fertilization.

(a) Pollen grains inside the anther - The anther is the male reproductive part of the flower which produces pollen grains. The pollen grains contain the male gametes that are required for fertilization.

Therefore, option (c) (a) and (d) is the correct answer as both the embryo sac and the pollen grains are gametophytes, which are the first generation of plants, whereas the ovule and anther are sporophytes, which are the second generation of plants.

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

The female gametophyte in angiosperm is

  • A:

    Ovule

  • B:

    Carpel

  • C:

    Embryo sac

  • D:

    Egg

The answer is c.

Aiims New Delhi answered
Embryosacline of ncert in sexual reproduction in flowering plants chapter😀😀😀💯💯💯👍👍👍

 Which of the following statements is not correct?     [2016]
  • a)
    Pollen grains of many species can germinate on the stigma of a flower, but only one pollen tube of the same species grows into the style.
  • b)
    Insects that consume pollen or nectar without bringing about pollination are called pollen/nectar robbers.
  • c)
    Pollen germination and pollen tube growth are regulated by chemical components of pollen interacting with those of the pistil.
  • d)
    Some reptiles have also been reported as pollinators in some plant species. 
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajesh Datta answered
(a) Pollen grains of different species are incompatible, so they fail to germinate. If the pollen-stigma interaction is compatible, the pollen grain hydrates and germinates shortly following landing on the stigma.

Megaspores are produced from the megaspore mother cells after
[NEET Kar. 2013]
  • a)
    Meiotic division
  • b)
    Mitotic division
  • c)
    Formation of a thick wall
  • d)
    Differentiation
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Mehta answered
Single Megaspore Mothe Cell (MMC) with dense cytoplasm aond a prominent nucleus gets differentiated from nucellus near the micropylar region. This Megaspore Mother Cell (MMC) undergoes meiosis to form ‘4’ haploid cells called megaspores and the process of formation of known as megasporogenesis. Hence, correct option is (B).

In which one of the following is pollination autogamous?
  • a)
    Cleistogamy
  • b)
    Geitonogamy
  • c)
    Xenogamy
  • d)
    Chasmogamy
Correct answer is 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Iyer answered
Cleistogamy is autogamous pollinatin. When pollination and fertilization occur in unopened flower bud, it is known as cleistogamy. It ensures self-pollination and prevents cross-pollination.

Eight nucleate embryo sacs are
  • a)
    Always tetrasporic
  • b)
    Sometimes monosporic, bisporic and tetrasporic
  • c)
    Always monosporic
  • d)
    Always bisporic
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Iyer answered
Embryo sacs can be divided into three types: monosporic, bisporic, and tetrasporic. In the monosporic, or Polygonum-type embryo sac, meiosis of the diploid megaspore mother cell in the nucellus produces four haploid megaspores.

Fusion of a male gamete with an egg in the embryo sac is called
  • a)
    Autogamy
  • b)
    Syngamy
  • c)
    Double fertilisation
  • d)
    Triple fusion
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajat Kapoor answered
The two male gametes are discharged within the embryo sac. One of the male gamete fuses with the egg cell to form a diploid zygote. This fusion is known as fertilization or syngamy. The second male gamete fuses with the diploid secondary nucleus and forms the triploid Primary Endosperm Nucleus (PEN).

Assertion: In monosporic development, all four megaspores produced from the megaspore mother cell (MMC) do not contribute to the formation of the female gametophyte.
Reason: Monosporic development results in the formation of four functional megaspores.
  • a)
    Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
  • b)
    Both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
  • c)
    The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
  • d)
    The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vijay Bansal answered
Explanation: In monosporic development, only one megaspore out of the four produced from the megaspore mother cell (MMC) develops into the female gametophyte. The other three megaspores typically degenerate. Therefore, the assertion is correct. However, the reason is incorrect as it states that all four megaspores become functional, which is not the case in monosporic development.

The term used for transfer of pollen grains from anthers of one plant to stigma of a different plant which during pollination, brings genetically different types of pollen grains to stigma, is:    
(2021)
  • a)
    Chasmogamy
  • b)
    Cleistogamy
  • c)
    Xenogamy
  • d)
    Geitonogamy
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Suresh Iyer answered
Xenogamy – Transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma of a different plant. This is the only type of pollination which during pollination brings genetically different types of pollen grains to the stigma.

Even in absence of pollinating agents seed setting is assured in [2012]
  • a)
    Commellina
  • b)
    Zostera
  • c)
    Salvia
  • d)
    Fig
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
Commelina bears aerial, chasmogamous (stigma and anthers exposed to pollinating agents), insect pollinated flowers and underground cleistogamous flowers. Cleistogamous flowers are bisexual flowers which never open. In such flowers, the anther and stigma lie very close to each other. When anther dehisce in the flower buds, pollen grains come in contact with the stigma of the same flower i.e, autogamy occurs. So, these flowers produce an assured seed set, even in the absence of pollinators.

Cucurbits and coconuts are examples of _______.
  • a)
    Polycious
  • b)
    Dioecious
  • c)
    Trioecious
  • d)
    Monoecious
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Jhanvi Tiwari answered
Cucurbits and coconuts are examples of Monoecious plants.

Explanation:
Monoecious plants are those which have separate male and female flowers on the same plant. The term "monoecious" is derived from two Greek words, "monos" meaning "single" and "oikos" meaning "house". In monoecious plants, both male and female flowers are present in the same "house" or plant.

Cucurbits, which include plants like cucumber, pumpkin, and watermelon, are monoecious. They produce separate male and female flowers on the same plant. The male flowers have long, thin stalks with a single anther, while the female flowers have a swollen base which will eventually develop into the fruit.

Coconuts are also monoecious. The male and female flowers are borne on the same inflorescence, which is a type of flower cluster. The male flowers are small and yellow while the female flowers are larger and green. Once pollinated, the female flowers develop into the coconut fruit.

Endosperm is consumed by developing embryo in the seed of
[2008]
  • a)
    coconut
  • b)
    castor
  • c)
    pea
  • d)
    maize 
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Dipanjan Mehta answered
In pea, endosperm is consumed by developing embryo in the seed. The endosperm is completely absorbed by the growing embryo and the food reserve gets stored in the cotyledons. Such seeds are called non endospermic or exalbuminous.

Filiform apparatus is a characteristic feature of
  • a)
    Synergid
  • b)
    Egg
  • c)
    Suspensor
  • d)
    Zygote
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Vijay Bansal answered
Filiform apparatus are finger-like projections present at the micropylar end of synergids of embryo sac.

Which of the following is an example of false fruit?
  • a)
    Apple
  • b)
    Coconut
  • c)
    Mango
  • d)
    Papaya
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Mehta answered
Apple - An accessory fruit (also called false fruit or spurious fruit) is a fruit in which some of the flesh is derived not from the ovary but from some adjacent tissue exterior to the carpel. Examples of accessory tissue are the receptacle of strawberries, figs, or mulberries, Pomes, such as apples and pears.

Albuminous seeds store their reserve food mainly in
[NEET Kar. 2013]
  • a)
    Perisperm
  • b)
    Endosperm
  • c)
    Cotyledons
  • d)
    Hypocotyl
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Nilotpal Gupta answered
Endosperm is the nutritive tissue which provides nourishment to the embryo in seed plant. Albuminous seeds retain a part of endosperm as it is not completely used up during embryo development (e.g., wheat, maize, barley, castor, sunflower).

Which of the following plant is not pollinated by water?
  • a)
    Hydrilla
  • b)
    Zostera
  • c)
    Lotus
  • d)
    Vallisneria
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Jyoti Sengupta answered
Lotus is an aquatic plant but the flower of lotus is outside and above the water surface. So, it cannot be pollinated by water. It is generally pollinated by insects.

Embryo sac represents: 
  • a)
    Megagametophyte
  • b)
    Megasporangium
  • c)
    Microgametophyte
  • d)
    Microsporangium
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Vijay Bansal answered
The female gametophyte specifically termed a megagametophyte is also called the embryo sac in angiosperms. The megagametophyte produces an egg cell (or several in some groups) for the purpose of fertilization.

Function of filiform apparatus is to:                [2014]
  • a)
    Recognize the suitable pollen at stigma
  • b)
    Stimulate division of generative cell
  • c)
    Produce nectar
  • d)
    Guide the entry of pollen tube 
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Jatin Chakraborty answered
(d) Filiform apparatus helps in the entry of pollen tube into a synergid in ovule. Filiform apparatus is in form of finger like projection comprising a core of micro fibrils enclosed in a sheath. It resembles transfer cells meant for short distance movement of metabolites. It is responsible for the absorption of food from the nucleus.

A bilobed dithecous anther had 100 microspore mother cells per microsporangium. How many male gametes this anther can produce?  
  • a)
    400
  • b)
    1600
  • c)
    100
  • d)
    200
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Swara Desai answered
Each microsporangium has 100 microspore mother cells which by meiosis form 400 microspores ( 100 × 4). In an anther there are four microsporangia , so, total number of microspores will be 4 × 400 = 1600 4 × 400 = 1600 . As each microspore forms one male gametophyte, hence , 1600 male gametophytes can be produced.

The cotyledon of maize grain is technically called as?  
  • a)
    Funicle
  • b)
    Dicots
  • c)
    Scutellum
  • d)
    Testa
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anand Jain answered
The cotyledons are known as seed leaves, they are attached to the embryonic axis. Dicotyledons typically have two cotyledons and monocotyledons have oly one cotyledon. The single shield-shaped cotyledon in grains known as scutellum. Cotyledon of maize grain is called scutellum.

Male gametes in angiosperms are formed by the division of
[2007]
  • a)
    generative cell
  • b)
    vegetative cell
  • c)
    microspore mother cell
  • d)
    microspore.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushant Goyal answered
Generative cell which is a  cell of the male gametophyte or pollen grain in seed plants that divides to give rise directly or indirectly two sperms.

Which of the following are the important floral rewards to the animal pollinators? [2015 RS]
  • a)
    Nectar and pollen grains.
  • b)
    Floral fragrance and calcium crystals.
  • c)
    Protein pellicle and stigmatic exudates.
  • d)
    Colour and large size flower .
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Mahesh Saini answered
Nectar and pollen grains are the usual floral rewards which the animal pollinators get. 
Additional Information:
  • Flowering plants need to get pollen from one flower to another, either within a plant for self-pollination or between plants of the same species for cross-pollination to occur.
  • However, pollen  can't move on its own, so animals or the wind (and water in rare cases) move the pollen for plants.Many flowers use colours to attract insects, sometimes helped by coloured guiding marks. Some have ultraviolet marks that can be seen by insects but are invisible to human eyes.
  • Flowers are often shaped to provide a landing platform for visiting insects or to force them to brush against anthers and stigmas.
  • Some flowers have a scent to attract insects. Many of these scents are pleasing to humans too, but not all some flowers attract flies with a smell of rotting meat.
  • Colours can't be seen in the dark, so scent is important for flowers that are pollinated by night-flying insects such as moths.
  • Most bird-pollinated flowers have lots of nectar, often at the bottom of a tube of petals.
  • Birds need to brush against anthers and stigmas when reaching for the sugary reward with their long beaks. Some birds, such as stitchbirds and bellbirds, have special brush-like tips to their tongues to help them soak up the nectar.
Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 30 of topic “Agents of Pollination” of chapter 2.

The meiocyte of an onion plant contains 32 chromosomes. Calculate the number of chromosomes found in its endosperm?
  • a)
    96 chromosomes
  • b)
    32 chromosomes
  • c)
    16 chromosomes
  • d)
    48 chromosomes
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Pankaj Kulkarni answered
If the number of chromosomes in meiocytes of onion is 32, then the number of chromosomes in gamete cells will be 16. Furthermore, as endosperm is formed after fusion of one sperm nucleus with two egg nucleus called triple fusion, then its chromosome number will be 48.

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

Starting from the innermost part, the correct sequence of parts in an ovule are

  • A:

    Egg, integument, embryo sac and nucellus.

  • B:

    Egg, embryo sac, nucellus and integument.

  • C:

    Embryo sac, nucellus, integument and egg.

  • D:

    Egg, nucellus, embryo sac and integument.

The answer is b.

Preethi Saha answered
The correct sequence of parts in an ovule starting from the innermost part is:

Egg, embryo sac, nucellus and integument.

Explanation:

• An ovule is a structure present in the ovary of a flower that contains the female reproductive cells.

• The ovule is composed of different parts, each playing a specific role in pollination and fertilization.

• The innermost part of the ovule is the egg cell, which is the female gamete.

• The egg cell is surrounded by the embryo sac, which is a structure that contains the synergids, antipodal cells, and the central cell.

• The central cell contains two nuclei, which will fuse with the sperm nuclei during fertilization to form the endosperm.

• The embryo sac is surrounded by the nucellus, which is the tissue that supplies nutrients to the developing embryo.

• The nucellus is surrounded by the integuments, which are two layers of tissue that form the outer covering of the ovule.

• The integuments develop into the seed coat after fertilization.

Therefore, the correct sequence of parts in an ovule starting from the innermost part is egg, embryo sac, nucellus and integument.

Pollen grain of large number of species can be stored in:  
  • a)
    Liquid oxygen
  • b)
    Liquid carbon dioxide
  • c)
    Liquid sulphur dioxide
  • d)
    Liquid nitrogen
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Preeti Iyer answered
Pollen grain consists of hard covering of exine but their viability may lost with time. For Hybridisation pollen grains are collected and stored in liquid nitrogen below -196 degree Celsius temperature.

Endosperm type in which first division of primary endosperm nucleus and few subsequent division are not accompanied by wall formation is called?
  • a)
    Cellular type
  • b)
    Micropylar type
  • c)
    Free nuclear type
  • d)
    Helobial type
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Jayant Mishra answered
Nuclear type:
In nuclear type of endosperm the first division of primary endosperm nucleus and few subsequent nuclear divisions are not accompanied by wall formation. The nuclei produced are free in the cytoplasm of the embryo sac and they may remain free indefinitely or wall formation takes place later. In the coconut, cell wall formation of endosperm is never found complete. In Areca and Phoenix the endosperm becomes very hard .

Triploid tissue in angiosperms is
  • a)
    Endothecium
  • b)
    Tapetum
  • c)
    Endosperm
  • d)
    Nucellus
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Abhilasa Mohapatra answered
In angiosperms sperm cell fuses with egg to form zygote and another sperm cell fuses with 2 polar nuclei to form endosperm nucleus...so sperm(n)+1 polar nuclei (n)+ 1 polar nuclei (n)=3n

Inside the ovary the ovule is attached to placenta by means of- 
  • a)
    Chalaza
  • b)
    Micropyle
  • c)
    Hilum
  • d)
    Funicle
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Patel answered
The ovule is the female reproductive structure of the flower and it is located inside the ovary. The ovule contains the female gametophyte and is attached to the placenta by means of the funicle.

Explanation:

- The ovary is the part of the flower that contains the ovules. It is the female reproductive organ of the flower.
- The ovule is a structure that contains the female gametophyte, the egg cell, and the surrounding protective layers.
- The placenta is the tissue inside the ovary that provides nutrients and support to the developing ovules.
- The funicle is the stalk-like structure that attaches the ovule to the placenta. It is also known as the stalk or the seed stalk.
- The funicle is responsible for transporting nutrients and water from the placenta to the developing ovule.
- The funicle also provides the pathway for the sperm cells to reach the egg cell during fertilization.
- The funicle is usually located at the base of the ovule and is often visible as a small, thin stalk.

In summary, the funicle is the structure that attaches the ovule to the placenta inside the ovary. It plays a vital role in the development and fertilization of the female reproductive structure in the flower.

Chiropterophily means
  • a)
    Pollination by bats
  • b)
    Pollination by snails
  • c)
    Pollination by insects
  • d)
    Pollination by wind
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Mehta answered
Bat pollination (chiropterophily) Bat-pollinated flowers tend to be large and showy, white or light coloured, open at night and have strong musty odours. They are often large and bell-shaped or a ball of stamens. Flowers are typically borne away from the trunk or other obstructions.

Dormancy is the____.
  • a)
    State of hyperactivity
  • b)
    Condition of senescence
  • c)
    State of maturity
  • d)
    State of inactivity
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Sandy Naaz answered
Dormancy is a period in an organism's life cycle when growth, development, and (in animals) physical activity are temporarily stopped. This minimizes metabolic activity and therefore helps an organism to conserve energy. Dormancy tends to be closely associated with environmental conditions

Megasporangium is equivalent to :
[NEET 2013]
  • a)
    Fruit
  • b)
    Nucellus
  • c)
    Ovule
  • d)
    Embryo sac
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sonal Kulkarni answered
Ovule is also called integumented megasporangium. It develops into seed after fertilisation in spermatophytes. It occurs singly or in a cluster inside ovary with parenchymatous cushions called placenta.

Unisexuality of flowers prevents
[2008]
  • a)
    autogamy, but not geitonogamy
  • b)
    both geitonogamy and xenogamy
  • c)
    geitonogamy, but not xenogamy
  • d)
    autogamy and geitonogamy
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Yash Saha answered
Unisexuality of flowers prevents. autogamy, but not geitonogamy. In self fertilisation , the male and female gametes are derived from the same individual. Among plants, self fertilization also called autogamy is common in many cultivated species, eg., wheat and oats. However, self fertilization is a form of inbreeding and does not allow for the mixing of genetic material; if it occurs over a number of generations it will result in offspring being less vigorous and productive than those resulting from cross fertilization. 

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