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All questions of English for CDS Exam

Improve the bracketed part of the sentence. 
Q. The people of Japan are (wiser than America.) 
  • a)
    wiser than that of America. 
  • b)
    wiser than those of America. 
  • c)
    wiser to that of America. 
  • d)
    No improvement
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Here the people of japan are compared to the people of America. Japan is not compare to America, thus for the ‘people’ we need to use ‘those’. 
“The people of Japan are wiser than people of America”. 
“The people of Japan are wiser than those of America”. 

Improve the bracketed part of the sentence.
The equipment is (adapted to) cotton industries.
  • a)
    Adapted from
  • b)
    Adapted for
  • c)
    Adapted of
  • d)
    No improvement
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
adapt to:
"Adapted to" generally means that something has changed to fit its own environment. For example, "People have adapted to the difficult living conditions in the Arctic."
"Adapted for" suggests changes made to something by someone else. For example, "The vehicle was adapted for off-road travel by the engineering students at University X."
Thus, an equipment cannot adapt to something on its own.
An equipment is adapted for cotton industries (by us).

Select the antonym
whirl
  • a)
    swirl
  • b)
    peace
  • c)
    flurry
  • d)
    surge
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Whirl means move or cause to move rapidly round and round and peace means mental or emotional calm.

Select the antonym 
vibrant 
  • a)
    drab
  • b)
    gaudy 
  • c)
    jazzy
  • d)
    vivid
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Vibrant means full of energy and life and drab means lacking brightness or interest; drearily dull.

Improve the bracketed part of the sentence.
Q. Read in order (become) wise.
  • a)
    to have to be
  • b)
    to have become
  • c)
    to become
  • d)
    no improvement
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
“in order” is a preposition where “to” is a part of infinitive, thus after “to” only bare infinitive should be used.Thus option (c)

Select the antonym
intrinsic
  • a)
    elemental
  • b)
    innate
  • c)
    connate
  • d)
    acquired
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Intrinsic means belonging naturally; essential and acquired means to come into possession or ownership of; get as one's own.

Select the antonym
castigated
  • a)
    approve
  • b)
    rate
  • c)
    flay
  • d)
    drub
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
castigate: reprimand (someone) severely.Approve: officially agree to or accept as satisfactory.Flay: strip the skin off (a corpse or carcass).Drub: hit or beat (someone) repeatedly.

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which is the best substitute of the phrase.
Q. A person who applies for a job or is nominated for election
  • a)
    Candidate
  • b)
    Elect
  • c)
    Volunteer
  • d)
    Nominator
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Elect means choose (someone) to hold public office or some other position by voting.Volunteer means a person who freely offers to take part in an enterprise or undertake a task.Nominator means someone who officially suggests that a person should be considered to do a particular job, take part in an election, receive an honour, etc

Select the synonym 
Perseverance 
  • a)
    Endurance
  • b)
    Cowardice 
  • c)
    Lethargy
  • d)
    Indolence
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Perseverance means persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success and Endurance means the ability to endure an unpleasant or difficult process or situation without giving way.

Select the antonym 
deep-seated 
  • a)
    chronic
  • b)
    temporary 
  • c)
    inbred
  • d)
    subconscious
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajesh Ghosh answered
Antonym: Temporary

Explanation:
To find the antonym of "deep-seated", we need to identify a word that has the opposite meaning or concept.

Definition of "deep-seated":
Deep-seated refers to something that is firmly established or deeply rooted. It typically describes beliefs, emotions, or attitudes that have become ingrained over a long period of time.

Definition of "temporary":
Temporary refers to something that is not permanent or long-lasting. It is something that is intended to last for a short period of time and is subject to change or termination.

Comparison and Contrast:
1. Deep-seated implies something that is firmly established or deeply rooted, while temporary implies something that is not permanent or long-lasting.
2. Deep-seated suggests a sense of permanence and stability, while temporary suggests a sense of impermanence and transience.
3. Deep-seated indicates something that is enduring and difficult to change, while temporary indicates something that is fleeting and can be easily altered or replaced.

Example:
To further illustrate the difference between deep-seated and temporary, consider the following example:

Imagine a person who has a deep-seated fear of heights. This fear has been present since childhood and has persisted throughout their life. It is deeply ingrained in their psyche and causes significant distress in situations involving heights.

In contrast, a person who experiences temporary discomfort in high places may feel anxious or uneasy when exposed to heights, but their discomfort is not deeply rooted or long-lasting. It may be a temporary reaction that subsides once they are no longer in the high place.

In this example, "deep-seated" describes a long-standing and firmly established fear of heights, while "temporary" describes a short-lived and transient feeling of discomfort in high places.

Therefore, the antonym of "deep-seated" is "temporary" because it represents the opposite concept of something that is not firmly established or deeply rooted, but rather short-lived and subject to change.

In the following question, the sentence given with blank to be filled in with an appropriate word. Select the correct alternative out of the four and indicate it by selecting the appropriate option.
Q. John as well as his friends always _____ the permission of his mother before going for a rugby match.
  • a)
    asks
  • b)
    receives
  • c)
    seeks
  • d)
    soughts
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Pranavi Shah answered
Answer:

To understand the correct answer, let's analyze the given sentence:

"John as well as his friends always _____ the permission of his mother before going for a rugby match."

The sentence is talking about John and his friends seeking permission from John's mother before going for a rugby match. We need to select the appropriate word that fits grammatically and contextually in the blank space.

The given options are:
a) asks
b) receives
c) seeks
d) sought

Explanation:

Option A: asks
The word "asks" is in the present tense and does not match the verb tense used in the sentence. The sentence is in the present tense, so the past tense form "asked" would be more appropriate.

Option B: receives
The word "receives" implies that John and his friends are receiving permission from John's mother without actively seeking it. However, the sentence indicates that they actively seek permission, so this option is not suitable.

Option C: seeks
The word "seeks" is in the present tense and matches the verb tense used in the sentence. It means to actively look for or search for something, which fits the context of the sentence. Therefore, this option is the correct answer.

Option D: sought
The word "sought" is in the past tense and does not match the verb tense used in the sentence. The sentence is in the present tense, so the correct form of the verb should also be in the present tense.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the correct answer is option C: seeks. This option fits grammatically and contextually in the given sentence, indicating that John and his friends actively seek the permission of his mother before going for a rugby match.

In the following question, the sentence given with blank to be filled in with an appropriate word. Select the correct alternative out of the four and indicate it by selecting the appropriate option.
Q. He _____ to the problem of air pollution in his speech.
  • a)
    averted
  • b)
    adverted
  • c)
    exclaimed
  • d)
    mentioned
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anand Rane answered
Explanation:
- Adverted means to turn one's attention to something or to mention something.
- In the given sentence, the word "adverted" fits appropriately as it implies that he directed his attention to the problem of air pollution in his speech.
- The other options such as averted, exclaimed, and mentioned do not convey the exact meaning as the word "adverted" does in this context.
- Therefore, the correct answer is option B, "adverted".

Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives
Culture is defined as people's way of life. It entails how they dress, how they speak, the type of food they eat, the manner in which they worship, and their art among many other things.
Indian culture, therefore, is the Indians' way of life. Because of the population diversity, there is immense variety in Indian culture. The Indian culture is a blend of various cultures belonging to diverse religion, castes; regions follow their own tradition and culture.
Indian Culture is one of the oldest cultures in the world. India had an urban civilization even during the Bronze age. The Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan Civilization) dates back to 3300 BC – 1300 BC.
Distinct cultures different from each other co-exist together in a single country. Thus, in India, there is unity amidst vast cultural diversity. The way people live in India is reflected in their culture.
Unity in Diversity: India is a land of unity in diversity where people of different sects, caste and religion live together. India is also called the land of unity in diversity as different groups of people co-operate with each other to live in a single society. Unity in diversity has also become the strength of India.
Secularism: The word secularism means equality, impartiality, etc. towards all religion. India is a secular country, which means, equal treatment of all the religions present in India.
Traditions: traditional cultural values Gestures
Touching feet of elders: Indian tradition has rich cultural values. In India, younger show great respect to their elders. They touch the feet of their elders daily after waking up and especially on the festive occasions or before starting an important work.
Namaste: The gesture of the Namaste greeting is also part of the Indian culture. People greet each other by saying "Namaste" while joining their hands. "Namaste" means "Hello". (Also read, the meaning of Namaste here.)
Most Indians have a habit of shaking their heads while talking.
Q. Based on the above passage, which of the following is NOT true about Indian culture?
  • a)
    Indian culture dates back to 3300 BC – 1300 BC.
  • b)
    Envy religion follows their own tradition and customs.
  • c)
    Every religion is treated equally in India.
  • d)
    In India there is unity in diversity.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Defence Exams answered
Refer to, “The word secularism means equality, impartiality, etc. towards all religion. India is a secular country, which means, equal treatment of all the religions present in India.
Traditions: traditional cultural values Gestures.”

Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
Everyone expected Mary Zophres to win for her retro-revival Technicolor clothes in La La Land — the eventual winner, Colleen Atwood for Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, seemed surprised too. But as other awards began to slip away from the well-reviewed musical, a theme could be teased out. What are Fantastic Beasts if not a plea for equal treatment of people, magical or otherwise? Then, Arrival, a film about the inherent benignity of aliens (read immigrants) won for Best Sound Editing. Hacksaw Ridge, which is, in a way, an anti-guns movie, won in two categories. Fences, about an African-American father who fears racial discrimination, took home the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress. Earlier, Moonlight, featuring two minority communities (black and gay), won for Best Supporting Actor. This turned out to be one of those years the Oscar voter was underestimated. As a majority of voters are actors, there was the tendency to think they'd reward La La Land, a celebration of creation: the heroine wants to make movies, the hero wants to make jazz. It looked like the year of The Artist all over again.
Q. What does the lead female actor in La La Land want to do?
  • a)
    Make jazz
  • b)
    Make movies
  • c)
    Make music
  • d)
    Make magic
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Refer to, “As a majority of voters are actors, there was the tendency to think they'd reward La La Land, a celebration of creation: the heroine wants to make movies.”

In the following question, the sentence given with blank to be filled in with an appropriate word. Select the correct alternative out of the four and indicate it by selecting the appropriate option.
Q. Only when _____ failed, the army resorted to force.
  • a)
    efforts
  • b)
    arrests
  • c)
    persuasions
  • d)
    manipulations
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Krish Yadav answered
Explanation:
The sentence given implies that the army resorted to the use of force only after all other options had failed. The word that best fits the blank in this context is "persuasions".

Reasoning:
- Efforts may not necessarily imply peaceful or non-violent means, so it is not the most appropriate choice in this context.
- Arrests are a form of force, so it would not make sense to say the army resorted to force only after arrests failed.
- Manipulations suggest deceitful or underhanded tactics, which may not be relevant in this scenario.
- Persuasions, however, imply attempts to convince or influence without using physical force, making it the most suitable option in the given sentence.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C) persuasions.

In the following question, some part of the sentence may have errors. Find out which part of the sentence has an error and select the appropriate option. If a sentence is free from error, select 'No Error'.
Q. That summer, elections were(A)/held at many a place(B)/without any untoward incident.(C)/No error (D)
  • a)
    A
  • b)
    B
  • c)
    C
  • d)
    D
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Shanaya Sen answered
Explanation:
The error in the given sentence is in part B: "held at many a place." The phrase "many a place" is incorrect and should be corrected to "many places."

Correction:
The correct sentence would be: That summer, elections were held at many places without any untoward incident.

The explanation of the error and the correction is as follows:

Error Analysis:
The phrase "many a place" is grammatically incorrect. It is a colloquial expression that is not used in standard English. The correct form of the phrase is "many places," which means multiple locations.

Correction:
The correct phrase should be "many places" instead of "many a place." This correction maintains the intended meaning of the sentence and follows the grammatical rules of standard English.

Revised Sentence:
That summer, elections were held at many places without any untoward incident.

The revised sentence is grammatically correct and conveys the intended meaning. It states that elections took place at multiple locations during the summer without any negative incidents.

Improve the bracketed part of the sentence.
Q. He proposed (meets) me at the temple.
  • a)
    for meeting
  • b)
    to meet
  • c)
    meeting with
  • d)
    no improvement
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pranab Roy answered
Understanding the Correct Option
The sentence “He proposed (meets) me at the temple” requires an appropriate verb form to convey the intended meaning. The correct option, 'to meet', fits grammatically and contextually.

Analysis of Options
- a) for meeting
- This phrase is grammatically awkward in this context. It suggests a purpose but does not align with how we typically express proposals.
- b) to meet
- This is the correct choice. The structure “proposed to” is commonly used to indicate a suggestion or plan. It implies that he is suggesting or planning to meet at the temple.
- c) meeting with
- While “meeting with” could work in a different context, it doesn't fit with “proposed”. It sounds more like a description of a current action rather than a suggestion.
- d) no improvement
- This implies that the original phrasing is correct, which it is not. The verb “meets” does not logically follow “proposed”.

Conclusion
Using “to meet” clarifies the intent of the proposal. The sentence correctly reads: “He proposed to meet me at the temple,” indicating a future plan rather than a current action. This grammatical structure ensures clear communication and aligns with standard English usage.

Improve the bracketed part of the sentence.
Q. That must (being) really difficult for you.
  • a)
    has been
  • b)
    have been
  • c)
    been
  • d)
    no improvement
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
“must” is a modal which will take base form of verb, thus “have” need to be used, and have takes 3rd form of verb thus “must have been” is the correct term to be used.

Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
A pioneering scheme has been started recently in Southampton on England's south coast to educate motorists who have been convicted of drunken driving.
The penalty for drunken driving might be the loss of a driving licence and a heavy fine. But under the new scheme, convicted drivers do not pay the fine. Instead, they have to attend eight training sessions—one a week organized by the local authority probation service.
Designed to demonstrate the damage alcohol can do, the scheme was devised by Senior probation officer John Cook. He said about a quarter of the people who came him had a drinking problem but had not realized how much they were drinking.
One way of getting the message across was to make the drivers pour out their usual ration of alcohol and then measure it. Almost everyone pours out not a single measure but a double at least an example of how easy it is to have more than just one drink and to encourage other people to do the same.
The instructors on the course are giving clinical evidence of the effects of alcohol on the body and brain. The sober truth is that drinking badly affects driving skills, although the drinker might like to believe otherwise.
Q. The problem with a quarter of the people who went to John Cook was that they
    • a)
      did not want to stop drinking
    • b)
      were unaware of the fact that they could get drunk
    • c)
      would not admit that they had a drinking problem
    • d)
      did not know how much they were drinking
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Janani Sarkar answered
    Problem with a quarter of the people:
    - Answer: The problem with a quarter of the people who went to John Cook was that they did not know how much they were drinking.
    Explanation:
    - Lack of Awareness: John Cook mentioned that about a quarter of the individuals he encountered had a drinking problem but were unaware of the quantity of alcohol they were consuming.
    - Hidden Consumption: These individuals may have been consuming alcohol regularly without realizing the extent of their intake, leading to potential issues with alcohol misuse.
    - Identification: By making the drivers pour out their usual ration of alcohol and measuring it during the training sessions, it became evident that many were consuming more than they realized.
    - Awareness and Education: The scheme aimed to raise awareness about the actual amount of alcohol being consumed and the potential impact on driving skills, highlighting the importance of recognizing and addressing drinking problems.

    Rearrange the parts of the sentence in correct order. 
    P-As difficult as it may be to recognize what it is inside us that is making us respond with negativity, that is the path towards forgiveness. 
    Q-This will automatically change your relationship with the other person and you will feel much better. 
    R-We need to recognize our reaction to the other person as a mirror of something in ourselves. 
    S-Whatever, the issues might be, once you have discovered them, you can work on forgiving yourself.
    • a)
      RPSQ   
    • b)
      SRQP 
    • c)
      RQPS
    • d)
      SQRP
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Gayatri Iyer answered
    Correct answer: option 'A'

    Explanation:

    Recognizing our own negativity
    - We need to recognize our reaction to the other person as a mirror of something in ourselves.
    - As difficult as it may be to recognize what it is inside us that is making us respond with negativity, that is the path towards forgiveness.

    Changing our relationship with others
    - This will automatically change your relationship with the other person and you will feel much better.

    Working on forgiveness
    - Whatever the issues might be, once you have discovered them, you can work on forgiving yourself.
    Therefore, the correct order of the sentence parts is RPSQ.

    Improve the bracketed part of the sentence. 
    Q. He (promised to mend) his ways. 
    • a)
      had a promised to mending 
    • b)
      promised for mending 
    • c)
      was promised of mending 
    • d)
      No improvement
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Prisha Nambiar answered
    Improvement Explanation:
    He (promised to mend) his ways.
    Explanation:
    The bracketed part of the sentence "promised to mend" is already correct and does not require any improvement. The verb "promised" is followed by the infinitive verb "to mend," which correctly indicates the action that he promised to do.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D' - No improvement.
    In English grammar, when the verb "promise" is used, it is typically followed by an infinitive verb to indicate what action is being promised. In this case, "to mend" is the infinitive form of the verb "mend," which correctly conveys the intended meaning of the sentence.
    Ultimately, the sentence is grammatically correct as it is, and no changes are needed in the bracketed part "promised to mend."

    Improve the bracketed part of the sentence.
    Q. What would you like (to do it) for your birthday?
    • a)
      to do
    • b)
      doing
    • c)
      does
    • d)
      no improvement
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Advait Singh answered
    “you like to do it” is an assertive statement however as the given statement is an interrogative statement thus “it” should not be used after “to do” otherwise this statement will be an assertive and interrogative at the same time which will be incorrect.

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