All questions of The Temperate Grasslands: Prairies for Class 5 Exam

Agriculture

Grasslands in Different Countries

Prairies, Steppes, Downs, Velds, Pampas, and Savannas are the names of the grasslands in different parts of the world.

Prairies:
• Located in North America
• Large, flat areas covered with grass
• Home to bison, coyotes, and prairie dogs

Steppes:
• Located in Russia
• Vast, treeless plains with grasslands
• Home to wolves, foxes, and eagles

Downs:
• Located in Australia
• Wide, open spaces covered in grass
• Home to kangaroos, wallabies, and emus

Velds:
• Located in South Africa
• Rolling grassy plains
• Home to lions, zebras, and giraffes

Pampas:
• Located in South America
• Wide, flat grasslands
• Home to cattle, horses, and capybaras

Savannas:
• Located in Africa
• Large areas with scattered trees and grass
• Home to lions, elephants, and hyenas

Conclusion:
Grasslands are significant biomes that are home to diverse plant and animal species. They cover a significant portion of the earth's surface and are essential for maintaining ecological balance. The different types of grasslands in different countries are unique and have their own characteristics. It is essential to conserve these biomes and protect the flora and fauna that inhabit them.

Common Type of Grass in Temperate Grasslands: Buffalo Grass
Buffalo grass is a common type of grass found in temperate grasslands due to its ability to thrive in the harsh conditions typically present in these regions. Let's explore why buffalo grass is well-suited for temperate grasslands:

Adaptation to Climate:
- Buffalo grass is well-adapted to temperate climates, with the ability to withstand both hot summers and cold winters.
- It has a deep root system that helps it survive periods of drought common in temperate grasslands.

Resilience to Grazing:
- Buffalo grass is a hardy species that can withstand heavy grazing by animals such as bison, which are common in temperate grasslands.
- Its ability to quickly recover from grazing makes it a valuable resource for both wildlife and livestock.

Low Maintenance Requirements:
- Buffalo grass is a low-maintenance grass species, requiring minimal water and fertilizer inputs to thrive.
- This makes it a sustainable choice for temperate grasslands where resources may be limited.

Soil Stability:
- The deep root system of buffalo grass helps prevent soil erosion in temperate grasslands, where wind and water erosion are common challenges.
- Its dense growth habit also helps stabilize the soil and prevent nutrient loss.
In conclusion, buffalo grass is a common and well-adapted grass species found in temperate grasslands, playing a crucial role in supporting the ecosystem and providing valuable resources for wildlife and livestock.

Explanation:

Rainfall on the Eastern and Western Edges of Prairies:
- The level of rainfall on the eastern and western edges of Prairies is significantly different.

Option A: 100 cm on the eastern edge and 30 cm on the western edge
- This option correctly states that the eastern edge of Prairies receives 100 cm of rainfall, while the western edge receives 30 cm of rainfall.
- The eastern edge, with a higher level of rainfall, may have a more lush and fertile environment compared to the drier western edge.
- The variation in rainfall levels between the eastern and western edges can impact the types of vegetation, wildlife, and overall ecosystem of the Prairies.
- This difference in rainfall distribution highlights the diverse and dynamic nature of the Prairies region.

A temperate grassland in North America is called a prairie.

Prairies are vast expanses of grasslands found in the central part of North America, particularly in the United States and Canada. They are characterized by their flat terrain and the dominance of grasses, as well as a lack of trees or shrubs.

Here are some key points about prairies:

1. Location: Prairies are primarily found in the central United States, in states such as Kansas, Nebraska, and Iowa. They also extend into parts of Canada, particularly in the provinces of Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan.

2. Climate: Prairies have a temperate climate, with hot summers and cold winters. They receive moderate rainfall throughout the year, which is sufficient to support the growth of grasses but not enough to sustain large trees.

3. Vegetation: Grasses are the dominant plant species in prairies. They have adapted to the prairie environment by having deep root systems that allow them to access water stored in the soil. Common prairie grasses include buffalo grass, blue grama, and big bluestem.

4. Wildlife: Prairies support a diverse range of wildlife. Many species of herbivores, such as bison, pronghorn, and deer, graze on the grasses. This, in turn, attracts predators like coyotes and birds of prey. Prairies are also important habitats for grassland birds, such as meadowlarks and prairie chickens.

5. Human Impact: Historically, prairies were home to Native American tribes who relied on the grasslands for hunting and gathering. With the arrival of European settlers, however, much of the prairie was converted into agricultural land for farming. Today, only a small fraction of the original prairie ecosystem remains intact.

In conclusion, a temperate grassland in North America is called a prairie. Prairies are characterized by their grassy vegetation, temperate climate, and diverse wildlife. They have been greatly impacted by human activities, but efforts are being made to preserve and restore these valuable ecosystems.

Economic Activities in Prairies

Farming and animal rearing are the main economic activities in the Prairies region. The Prairies, also known as the Great Plains, are a vast area of flat, grassy lands located in the central part of North America, covering parts of Canada and the United States. The region is characterized by its fertile soil, which makes it ideal for agricultural activities.

1. Farming:
- The Prairies region is known for its extensive agricultural production. The fertile soil and favorable climatic conditions allow for the cultivation of a variety of crops such as wheat, barley, canola, corn, and oats.
- Farmers in the Prairies utilize modern farming techniques and machinery to maximize their crop yields. They also use advanced irrigation systems to ensure consistent water supply for their crops.
- The agricultural sector in the Prairies contributes significantly to the overall economy of the region. It provides employment opportunities for thousands of people and generates substantial income through the export of agricultural products.

2. Animal Rearing:
- The Prairies region is also known for its livestock production. Cattle ranching is a prominent economic activity in this area. The vast grasslands provide ample grazing areas for livestock.
- Cattle ranchers in the Prairies raise beef cattle, which are later sold for meat production. The cattle industry contributes to the economy by providing employment opportunities and generating revenue through the sale of beef and other livestock products.
- The Prairies region is also home to other types of livestock, including sheep, pigs, and poultry. These animals are raised for meat, dairy, and egg production, further contributing to the agricultural sector.

Overall, farming and animal rearing are the main economic activities in the Prairies region due to its fertile soil, favorable climate, and extensive grasslands. These activities support the livelihoods of many people and contribute significantly to the economy by providing food, employment, and income.

B) 23.5

Wheat is the main crop grown in the Prairies region.

The Prairies region, located in central Canada, is known for its vast grasslands and fertile soil. This region experiences a continental climate, with hot summers and cold winters. These climatic conditions, combined with the rich soil, make it ideal for the cultivation of various crops.

Here is a detailed explanation of why wheat is the main crop grown in the Prairies:

1. Importance of Wheat:
- Wheat is one of the most important staple crops worldwide and is a crucial component of the human diet.
- It is a versatile grain that can be milled into flour for baking bread, making pasta, and producing other food products.
- Wheat also serves as a feed grain for livestock, contributing to the meat and dairy industries.

2. Adaptability to Prairie Climate:
- Wheat is well-suited to the Prairies' climate, which experiences hot summers and cold winters.
- It is a cool-season crop that can withstand the region's temperature fluctuations and short growing season.
- Wheat has a relatively high tolerance for drought, making it resilient in the Prairies' semi-arid conditions.

3. Nutrient Requirements:
- Wheat has moderate nutrient requirements, making it suitable for the Prairies' soil conditions.
- The region's fertile soil, known as Chernozem, is rich in organic matter and nutrients, providing an excellent base for wheat cultivation.

4. Economic Importance:
- Wheat production plays a significant role in the Prairies' economy.
- The Prairies region accounts for a substantial portion of Canada's wheat production, making it an essential agricultural industry in the country.
- Wheat exports contribute to Canada's international trade and economy.

In conclusion, wheat is the main crop grown in the Prairies due to its importance as a staple food, adaptability to the Prairie climate, nutrient requirements, and economic significance. Its cultivation contributes to the region's agricultural productivity and plays a vital role in the local and national economy.

The name for the traditional homes of indigenous people on the North American prairies is Teepees.

Teepees, also known as tipis, are iconic structures that were commonly used by indigenous people living on the North American prairies. These cone-shaped dwellings were designed to be easily assembled and disassembled, making them highly adaptable to the nomadic lifestyle of the indigenous tribes.

Key Features of Teepees:
- Shape: Teepees are conical in shape, with a large circular base and a pointed top. The shape allows for stability and efficient use of space.
- Structure: The frame of a teepee is made from long poles, traditionally made from wood or sometimes bone. These poles are tied together at the top and spread out to form the base of the structure.
- Covering: The outer covering of a teepee is typically made from animal hides, such as buffalo or elk, which provide insulation and protection from the elements. The hides are sewn together and draped over the frame, leaving an opening at the top for smoke to escape.
- Ventilation: The opening at the top of the teepee, known as the smoke hole, serves as a chimney for the fire inside and allows for ventilation.
- Mobility: One of the key advantages of teepees is their portability. The structure can be easily disassembled and carried to a new location, allowing the indigenous tribes to move with the seasons and follow the migration patterns of the animals they relied on for sustenance.
- Interior: The interior of a teepee is typically a large open space, with a central fire pit for cooking and heating. The walls are often adorned with artwork and decorations that hold cultural and spiritual significance for the tribe.

Significance of Teepees:
- Cultural Significance: Teepees hold great cultural significance for the indigenous tribes of North America. They are not just physical structures but also represent a connection to their history, traditions, and way of life.
- Practicality: The design of teepees was well-suited to the nomadic lifestyle of the indigenous tribes. They provided a comfortable and portable shelter that could be easily adapted to different environments and weather conditions.
- Sustainability: Teepees were constructed using natural materials that were readily available in the prairie regions. This made them a sustainable and environmentally-friendly housing option for the indigenous people.

Overall, teepees were an integral part of the indigenous culture on the North American prairies, providing a practical and sustainable solution for shelter while also embodying the rich traditions and history of the indigenous tribes.

Lignite coal and mineral oil are the minerals found in Prairies.

Prairies are vast, flat grasslands that are found in the central part of North America. They cover a significant portion of the United States, particularly in the Midwest, as well as parts of Canada. These regions have a unique geology that has resulted in the presence of certain minerals.

Explanation:
1. Lignite Coal:
Lignite coal is a type of coal that is formed from compressed peat. It is the lowest rank of coal and is often referred to as brown coal. Prairies have extensive deposits of lignite coal, which is primarily used as a fuel for electricity generation and industrial processes. The coal deposits in the Prairies were formed millions of years ago from the accumulation of plant material in swampy areas.

2. Mineral Oil:
Mineral oil, also known as petroleum, is another important mineral found in the Prairies. It is a naturally occurring liquid that is extracted from underground reservoirs. The Prairies have significant reserves of oil, particularly in the Alberta region of Canada. Oil extraction and production are major industries in this area, contributing to the economic development of the region.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the minerals found in Prairies are lignite coal and mineral oil. These resources have played a significant role in the development of the region's economy and energy sector. The presence of these minerals has attracted industries and investment, contributing to the growth and prosperity of the Prairies.

The Bison: A Symbol of the North American Prairies

The correct answer to the question is option 'C' - Bison. The bison, also known as the American buffalo, is often associated with the North American prairies. Let's explore why the bison is closely linked to this ecosystem.

1. Habitat and Range
- The North American prairies are vast grasslands that stretch across the central part of the continent, covering parts of the United States and Canada.
- Bison historically inhabited these prairies in large numbers, roaming freely across the grasslands.

2. Importance to Native American Cultures
- The bison holds great cultural and historical significance for many Native American tribes who lived on the prairies.
- These tribes relied on the bison for their survival, using their meat for food, hides for clothing and shelter, bones for tools, and other parts for various purposes.
- The bison was not only a source of sustenance but also played a central role in their spiritual beliefs and ceremonies.

3. Keystone Species
- The bison is considered a keystone species, meaning it has a significant impact on its ecosystem.
- As grazers, bison help shape the prairie landscape by consuming grasses and promoting the growth of diverse plant species.
- Their grazing habits also create open areas that allow other prairie wildlife, such as birds and small mammals, to thrive.

4. Conservation Efforts
- Due to overhunting and habitat loss, the bison population drastically declined in the late 19th century.
- However, conservation efforts have been successful in preserving and restoring the bison population.
- Today, there are protected areas and national parks where bison roam freely, including Yellowstone National Park and Badlands National Park.

5. Symbol of the North American Prairie
- The bison's association with the North American prairies is deeply rooted in history and cultural significance.
- Its image is often used to represent the vast grasslands and the unique ecosystem found in this region.
- The bison has become an iconic symbol of the prairies, representing the resilience and interconnectedness of the natural world.

In conclusion, the bison is the animal often associated with the North American prairies due to its historical and cultural importance, its role as a keystone species, and its symbolic representation of the region's unique ecosystem.

The correct answer is option 'B', the Mississippi River. The Mississippi River is an important river in the United States that complements the natural rainfall in the Prairies and provides irrigation facilities. Let's explore why this is the correct answer in more detail.

The Prairies and their Climate:
The Prairies are a region in North America known for their flat grasslands and fertile soils. They are located in the central part of the continent, primarily in the United States and Canada. The climate in the Prairies is characterized by hot summers and cold winters, with moderate precipitation.

The Importance of Rainfall in Agriculture:
Rainfall is crucial for agriculture as it provides water for crops to grow. However, the natural rainfall in the Prairies may not always be sufficient for the agricultural needs of the region. This is especially true during dry periods or droughts when the amount of rainfall is significantly reduced.

The Role of the Mississippi River:
The Mississippi River, one of the longest rivers in North America, plays a vital role in complementing the natural rainfall in the Prairies. Here's how it provides irrigation facilities:

- Water Source: The Mississippi River acts as a major water source for the Prairies. It supplies water to the region, especially during periods of low rainfall.

- Irrigation: The river provides irrigation facilities to farmers in the Prairies. Irrigation involves supplying water to crops through artificial means, such as canals, ditches, or sprinklers. This helps to ensure that crops receive sufficient water for growth and development, even when natural rainfall is limited.

- Transportation: The Mississippi River also serves as a transportation route, allowing farmers to transport their agricultural products to markets and consumers. This transportation network contributes to the economic development of the region.

In conclusion, the Mississippi River complements the natural rainfall in the Prairies and provides irrigation facilities. Its water supply and irrigation capabilities are essential for agriculture in the region, helping to ensure the growth and productivity of crops even during periods of low rainfall.