All questions of Understanding Our Criminal Justice System (Old Syllabus) for Class 8 Exam

All people are equal before law as no one can be a ove it & control it...,not even cm or pm

Civil law

The correct answer for the given question is option 'B', which is "Acquit".

Yes! B is correct option,,,because right to food states that food is the basis need of life,,it should be provided to all...

And C
First high court was established at Calcutta under the regulating act of 1973, infact it was established as supreme court of British India,later on it was made high court of Calcutta.

C) 24

Article 21- Protection of life and Personal Liberty. No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to produce established by law. Article 21 of the consitution deals with prevention of encroachment upon personal liberty or deprivation of life of a person.

Punjab and Haryana High Court is the common High Court for the Indian states of Punjab and Haryana and the Union Territory of Chandigarh based in Chandigarh, India.

B

 Compensation refers to money given to make amends for an injury or loss.

Correct answer is option c

First information received after a Crime has been committed. It is the very first knowledge given to the Police after an incident has taken place and holds an important value as it sets the law into motion. Important to note, CrPC nowhere has used the word FIR.

Court

The Supreme Court in New Delhi

The correct answer to this question is option 'B', which is the Supreme Court. Here's why:

Explanation:
- The Supreme Court is the highest court in India and is located in New Delhi. It was established on January 26, 1950, and is the final court of appeal in the country.
- The Supreme Court hears appeals from lower courts and resolves disputes between states and the central government. It also has the power of judicial review, which allows it to strike down laws passed by the parliament if they are unconstitutional.
- The Supreme Court is headed by the Chief Justice of India and has a maximum strength of 34 judges. They are appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of a collegium of judges and senior lawyers.
- The Supreme Court also has the power to issue writs, such as habeas corpus, mandamus, and certiorari, to protect the fundamental rights of citizens and enforce the rule of law.
- In addition to its judicial functions, the Supreme Court also has administrative responsibilities, such as managing the court's budget and appointing judges to lower courts.

Conclusion:
In summary, the Supreme Court is the highest court in India and is located in New Delhi. It has the power of judicial review, hears appeals from lower courts, and protects the fundamental rights of citizens. It is headed by the Chief Justice of India and has administrative responsibilities in addition to its judicial functions.

B) Meerut. Hashimpura is a neighborhood located in the city of Meerut, in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Meerut is a large city located in the western part of Uttar Pradesh, about 70 kilometers northeast of Delhi. Hashimpura is known for a tragic incident that occurred in May 1987, when a group of police personnel from the Provincial Armed Constabulary (PAC) rounded up a group of young Muslim men from the neighborhood and later killed them in cold blood. The incident, which came to be known as the Hashimpura Massacre, led to widespread outrage and condemnation, and it remains a dark chapter in the history of Meerut and the state of Uttar Pradesh.

A

The correct answer is option 'D' - the judiciary is independent. Here's an explanation of why this is the correct answer:

Introduction:
The judiciary is an essential part of a democratic system and plays a crucial role in upholding the rule of law. It acts as a guardian of the Constitution and ensures that justice is delivered impartially. The independence of the judiciary is a fundamental principle that ensures its effectiveness and credibility.

What does it mean for the judiciary to be independent?
The independence of the judiciary means that it is free from any interference or influence from the other branches of government, such as the executive or legislative branches. This independence allows judges to make decisions based on the law and facts presented before them, without any external pressure or bias.

Reasons why the judiciary needs to be independent:
1. Checks and balances: The judiciary acts as a check on the other branches of government. It ensures that their actions are in line with the Constitution and that they do not exceed their powers. An independent judiciary is crucial to maintain this balance of power.

2. Impartiality and fairness: Independence ensures that judges are not influenced by political or personal considerations while delivering judgments. They can interpret and apply the law objectively, without any bias towards any individual or group.

3. Protection of individual rights: An independent judiciary safeguards the rights and liberties of individuals. It acts as a safeguard against any potential abuse of power by the government, ensuring that the rights of citizens are protected.

4. Public trust and confidence: An independent judiciary enhances public trust and confidence in the legal system. When people believe that their cases will be heard fairly and impartially, they are more likely to have faith in the judiciary and the rule of law.

Conclusion:
The independence of the judiciary is a critical aspect of a democratic system. It ensures that justice is delivered fairly and impartially, protects individual rights, and maintains the balance of power in the government. An independent judiciary is a cornerstone of a functioning democracy and upholds the principles of justice and the rule of law.

It is with the registration of an FIR that the police can begin their investigations into a crime. The law states that it is compulsory for an officer in charge of a police station to register an FIR whenever a person gives information about a cognizable offense. This information can be given to the police either orally or in writing. The FIR usually mentions the date, time, and place of the offence, details the basic facts of the offence, including a description of the events. If known, the identity of the accused persons and witnesses is also mentioned. The FIR also states the name and address of the complainant. There is a prescribed form in which the police register an FIR and it is signed by the complainant. The complainant also has a legal right to get a free copy of the FIR from the police.

D. K. Basu guidelines includes:-
1. The police officials carrying out the arrest and handling the interrogation of the arrestee should bear accurate, visible and clear identification and name tags with their designations.
2. The police officer carrying out the arrest shall prepare a memo of arrest at the time of arrest and attested by at least one witness.
3. The time, place of arrest and venue of custody of an arrestee must be notified by the police to any friend or relative of the arrestee.
4. Copies of all the documents including the memo of arrest should be sent to the Magistrate for his record.

Article 21 of the Constitution, that guarantees the Right to Life, states that a person’s life or liberty can be taken away only by following a reasonable and just legal procedure. A fair trial ensures that Article 21 of the Constitution is upheld. The Constitution and the law both state that all of the persons should carry out their roles in a proper manner. What this means is that they all need to work to ensure that every citizen, irrespective of their class, caste, gender, religious and ideological backgrounds gets a fair trial when accused. The rule of law which says that everyone is equal before the law would not make much sense if every citizen were not guaranteed a fair trial by the Constitution.