All Exams >
UPSC >
Lucent for GK >
All Questions
All questions of Atomic Structure for UPSC CSE Exam
The present concept of the structure of an atom is given by which scientist?
- a)Rutherford
- b)Niels Bohr
- c)Goldstein
- d)J.J. Thomson
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The present concept of the structure of an atom is given by which scientist?
a)
Rutherford
b)
Niels Bohr
c)
Goldstein
d)
J.J. Thomson
|
Kavita Shah answered |
The present concept of the structure of an atom is given by Niels Bohr, not Goldstein. Niels Bohr proposed the Bohr model of the atom in 1913, which described electrons orbiting around a central nucleus in discrete energy levels or shells. This model accounted for the stability of atoms and explained phenomena such as the emission and absorption of light. On the other hand, Goldstein's contributions to atomic theory were related to the discovery of the proton and the canal rays, but his work did not provide the current understanding of the structure of an atom. Therefore, the correct answer is C: Niels Bohr.
Who had discovered electron?- a)Niels Bohr
- b)E. Goldstein
- c)J.J.Thomson
- d)James Chadwick
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Who had discovered electron?
a)
Niels Bohr
b)
E. Goldstein
c)
J.J.Thomson
d)
James Chadwick
|
Catalyst Learningacademy answered |
Thomson conducted a series of experiments in which he used a cathode ray tube to study 'cathode rays'. He discovered that these rays were composed of negatively charged particles, which were later named electrons. His work marked the discovery of the first subatomic particle, revolutionizing the study of atomic structure.
Name an atom in which the nucleus of that atom does not contain any neutrons?- a)Oxygen
- b)Hydrogen
- c)Phosphorous
- d)Sodium
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Name an atom in which the nucleus of that atom does not contain any neutrons?
a)
Oxygen
b)
Hydrogen
c)
Phosphorous
d)
Sodium
|
Shruti Desai answered |
Understanding Hydrogen's Unique Nucleus
Hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant element in the universe. Its atomic structure is quite distinct compared to other elements.
Structure of Hydrogen
- Atomic Number: Hydrogen has an atomic number of 1, which means it has one proton in its nucleus.
- Neutrons: The most common isotope of hydrogen, known as protium, has no neutrons. This is a rare occurrence since most other elements have one or more neutrons in their nuclei.
Comparison with Other Elements
- Oxygen: Oxygen has an atomic number of 8, meaning it contains 8 protons and typically 8 neutrons in its most abundant isotope.
- Phosphorus: Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15, with 15 protons and usually 16 neutrons.
- Sodium: Sodium has an atomic number of 11, resulting in 11 protons and typically 12 neutrons.
Conclusion
- Unique Characteristic: Hydrogen's lack of neutrons in its most common form sets it apart from these other elements.
- Significance: This unique feature contributes to hydrogen's role in various chemical reactions and its fundamental importance in forming molecules, including water and organic compounds.
In summary, hydrogen is the only atom among the options provided that has a nucleus containing no neutrons, making it a fascinating subject in atomic theory and chemistry.
Hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant element in the universe. Its atomic structure is quite distinct compared to other elements.
Structure of Hydrogen
- Atomic Number: Hydrogen has an atomic number of 1, which means it has one proton in its nucleus.
- Neutrons: The most common isotope of hydrogen, known as protium, has no neutrons. This is a rare occurrence since most other elements have one or more neutrons in their nuclei.
Comparison with Other Elements
- Oxygen: Oxygen has an atomic number of 8, meaning it contains 8 protons and typically 8 neutrons in its most abundant isotope.
- Phosphorus: Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15, with 15 protons and usually 16 neutrons.
- Sodium: Sodium has an atomic number of 11, resulting in 11 protons and typically 12 neutrons.
Conclusion
- Unique Characteristic: Hydrogen's lack of neutrons in its most common form sets it apart from these other elements.
- Significance: This unique feature contributes to hydrogen's role in various chemical reactions and its fundamental importance in forming molecules, including water and organic compounds.
In summary, hydrogen is the only atom among the options provided that has a nucleus containing no neutrons, making it a fascinating subject in atomic theory and chemistry.
Which model describes that there is no change in the energy of electrons as long as they keep revolving in the same energy level and atoms remains stable.- a)Bohr’s Model
- b)Rutherford Model
- c)J.J Thomson Model
- d)None of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which model describes that there is no change in the energy of electrons as long as they keep revolving in the same energy level and atoms remains stable.
a)
Bohr’s Model
b)
Rutherford Model
c)
J.J Thomson Model
d)
None of the above
|
Paradigm Institute answered |
Bohr’s model describes that there is no change in the energy of electrons as long as they keep revolving in the same energy level and atoms remain stable. This model was proposed by Niels Bohr in 1913. According to his model, electrons revolve in certain stable orbits around the nucleus without the emission of radiant energy. These orbits or shells are associated with definite energies and are also called energy levels. Hence, as long as an electron remains in the same energy level, its energy remains constant and the atom remains stable.
In 1903 who had proposed the model of an atom, due to which electrons and protons were known to us?- a)Dalton
- b)J.J. Thomson
- c)Rutherford
- d)Goldstein
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
In 1903 who had proposed the model of an atom, due to which electrons and protons were known to us?
a)
Dalton
b)
J.J. Thomson
c)
Rutherford
d)
Goldstein
|
|
Kavita Shah answered |
J.J. Thomson proposed the model of an atom in 1903, which helped in the understanding of electrons and protons. His model, known as the "plum pudding model," suggested that atoms were made up of a positively charged mass with negatively charged electrons embedded within it. This model was based on Thomson's discovery of electrons and his experiments with cathode rays. Thomson's work laid the foundation for further discoveries about the structure of the atom, leading to the later experiments conducted by Ernest Rutherford and his colleagues.
The correct electronic configuration of sodium is:- a)2,8,1
- b)8,2,1
- c)2,1,8
- d)2,8,2
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
The correct electronic configuration of sodium is:
a)
2,8,1
b)
8,2,1
c)
2,1,8
d)
2,8,2
|
|
Catalyst Learningacademy answered |
The correct electronic configuration of sodium is 2,8,1 (option A).
This means that sodium has 11 electrons. The first energy level can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the second energy level can hold a maximum of 8 electrons, and the third energy level can hold a maximum of 8 electrons as well.
Therefore, the electronic configuration of sodium is 2 electrons in the first energy level (written as 2), 8 electrons in the second energy level (written as 8), and 1 electron in the third energy level (written as 1).
In 1932 who had discovered neutron?- a)J.J Thomson
- b)James Chadwick
- c)Goldstein
- d)Rutherford
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
In 1932 who had discovered neutron?
a)
J.J Thomson
b)
James Chadwick
c)
Goldstein
d)
Rutherford
|
|
Paradigm Institute answered |
In 1932, James Chadwick, an English physicist, discovered the neutron. He conducted a series of experiments involving the bombardment of beryllium with alpha particles, which led to the discovery of a neutral particle with a mass similar to that of a proton. This discovery provided crucial evidence for the existence of a neutral subatomic particle, the neutron, and contributed significantly to our understanding of atomic structure and nuclear reactions.
Which model does not able to explain the stability of an atom?- a)Bohr’s Model
- b)Rutherford’s Model
- c)Thomson’s Model
- d)None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which model does not able to explain the stability of an atom?
a)
Bohr’s Model
b)
Rutherford’s Model
c)
Thomson’s Model
d)
None of the above
|
|
Paradigm Institute answered |
Rutherford's Model is the model that does not explain the stability of an atom. Rutherford's model was proposed in 1911 and described the atom as a small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons. However, this model failed to explain why the negatively charged electrons did not simply fall into the positively charged nucleus due to the attractive electrostatic force between them. It was later modified by Niels Bohr with his Bohr's Model, which introduced the concept of quantized energy levels and explained the stability of atoms.
Which model of an atom is similar to a Christmas pudding?- a)Thomson’s model
- b)Rutherford model
- c)Dalton’s Model
- d)None of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which model of an atom is similar to a Christmas pudding?
a)
Thomson’s model
b)
Rutherford model
c)
Dalton’s Model
d)
None of the above
|
|
Catalyst Learningacademy answered |
Thomson's model of the atom, also known as the plum pudding model or Christmas pudding model, was proposed by J.J. Thomson in 1904. According to this model, the atom is composed of a positively charged "pudding" or sphere, with negatively charged electrons embedded within it like "plums" in a Christmas pudding. This model was later disproven by Rutherford's gold foil experiment, which led to the development of the modern atomic model known as the Rutherford model
According to Goldstein’s experiment, on passing high voltage electricity through gases at very low pressure resulted in the discovery of:- a)Electron
- b)Proton
- c)Nucleus
- d)Neutron
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
According to Goldstein’s experiment, on passing high voltage electricity through gases at very low pressure resulted in the discovery of:
a)
Electron
b)
Proton
c)
Nucleus
d)
Neutron
|
|
Catalyst Learningacademy answered |
According to Goldstein's experiment, which was conducted in the late 19th century, the discovery made was actually related to the existence of positively charged particles in a gas discharge tube. Wilhelm Wien later named these particles "protons."
Chapter doubts & questions for Atomic Structure - Lucent for GK 2025 is part of UPSC CSE exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the UPSC CSE exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for UPSC CSE 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.
Chapter doubts & questions of Atomic Structure - Lucent for GK in English & Hindi are available as part of UPSC CSE exam.
Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for UPSC CSE Exam by signing up for free.
Lucent for GK
643 videos|791 docs|420 tests
|
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days!
Study with 1000+ FREE Docs, Videos & Tests
10M+ students study on EduRev
|
© EduRev
|
Education Revolution
|
|
Signup to see your scores
go up within 7 days!
Access 1000+ FREE Docs, Videos and Tests
Takes less than 10 seconds to signup