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All questions of Indus Valley Civilisation for BPSC (Bihar) Exam

Which of the following sites has furnished the proof of the sea faring activity of the Harappan people?
  • a)
    Lothal
  • b)
    Sotka Koh
  • c)
    Kot Diji
  • d)
    Balakot
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Sharma answered
• Lothal was one of the southernmost cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, located in the Bhāl region of the modern state of Gujarāt. Construction of the city began around 2200 BCE.
• Discovered in 1954, Lothal was excavated from 13 February 1955 to 19 May 1960 by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), the official Indian government agency for the preservation of ancient monuments.
• According to the ASI, Lothal had the world's earliest known dock, which connected the city to an ancient course of the Sabarmati river on the trade route between Harappan cities in Sindh and the peninsula of Saurashtra when the surrounding Kutch desert of today was a part of the Arabian Sea.
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Match the following:
  • a)
    1-D, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C
  • b)
    1-B, 2-D, 3-C, 4-A
  • c)
    1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D
  • d)
    1-A, 2-C, 3-D, 4-B
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Prakhya Shrivastava answered
Harappa was discovered in 1920-1921 by Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni Mohanjodaro was discovered in 1922 by R. D. Banerji,  Chanhudaro was discovered by N G Majumdar in 1931, Kot diji was discovered in 1935 by ghumey Above information is true hence option A is correct.

Which of the following statements about the Indus Valley Civilization is incorrect?
    • a)
      The civilization had advanced drainage systems.
    • b)
      It primarily used metal for construction.
    • c)
      It was one of the earliest urban civilizations.
    • d)
      Evidence of trade with Mesopotamia has been found.
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    T.S Academy answered
    • Statement B is incorrect. The Indus Valley Civilization primarily used baked bricks and stone for construction, not metal.
    • Metals like copper, bronze, and gold were used for tools and ornaments, not for building structures.
    • The civilization is famous for its urban planning, including advanced drainage systems and organized city layouts.
    • Evidence of trade with Mesopotamia, such as seals and artifacts, confirms interactions between these ancient societies.

    The Harappans did not know the use of
    • a)
      Copper 
    • b)
      Iron
    • c)
      Bronze
    • d)
      Gold
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Pooja Shah answered
    The Harappans did not know the use of Iron. Iron was not discovered by the Harappan people. Since it was a bronze age civilization, it had made many metallurgical advances in copper and bronze but not in Iron. Harappans procured raw material from other neighboring countries like Silver from Afghanistan, Iran, and Iraq, Lead from Kashmir, Rajasthan, Gold was obtained from Karnataka and Copper from Rajasthan. Iron was actually not known to Indus Valley Civilization people or Harappan people.

    Consider the following statements about the trade practices of the Harappan Civilization:
    1. The Harappan Civilization engaged in extensive trade with Mesopotamia, as evidenced by the discovery of Harappan seals in Mesopotamia.
    2. Trade within the Harappan Civilization was facilitated by the use of metal coins as currency.
    Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
    • a)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.
    • b)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct but Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
    • c)
      Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.
    • d)
      Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Mehul Shah answered
    Analysis of the Statements
    The question presents two statements regarding the trade practices of the Harappan Civilization. Let's evaluate each statement:
    Statement-I: Trade with Mesopotamia
    - The Harappan Civilization indeed engaged in extensive trade with Mesopotamia.
    - Evidence includes the discovery of Harappan seals in Mesopotamia, indicating commercial exchanges.
    - Archaeological findings confirm that goods such as cotton, beads, and semi-precious stones were traded.
    Statement-II: Use of Metal Coins
    - This statement is incorrect. The Harappan Civilization did not use metal coins as currency.
    - Instead, trade was facilitated through barter systems, and the use of weights and measures.
    - Harappan seals may have been used as markers of trade rather than currency.
    Conclusion
    - Given that Statement-I is correct and Statement-II is incorrect, the answer aligns with option 'C':
    - Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.
    This distinction highlights the advanced trade practices of the Harappan Civilization while clarifying misconceptions about their currency system.

    Post-Harappan culture has been found in
    • a)
      Amri and Kot Diji
    • b)
      Kalibangan and Banwali
    • c)
      Rangpur and Rojdi
    • d)
      Chanhudaro and Surkotada
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Kiran Mehta answered
    • Banawali, earlier known as Vanavali is a village and archaeological site situated around 15 km from Fatehabad district of Haryana, India. It belongs to the Indus Valley Civilization period which got settled on the left banks of dried river Saraswati.It was built on the upper middle valley compared to Kalibangan town which was on the lower part.
    • Kalibangan, ancient site of the Indus valley civilization, in northern Rajasthan state, northwestern India.

    The evidence of Indian ships and a piece of woven cloth has been discovered from the seals of which of the following sites?
    • a)
      Lothal
    • b)
      Chanhudaro
    • c)
      Mohenjodaro
    • d)
      Kalibangan
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Abhijeet Gupta answered
    Evidence of Indian ships and a piece of woven cloth has been discovered from the seals of the Mohenjodaro site.

    Explanation:
    Mohenjodaro is an ancient Indus Valley Civilization site located in present-day Pakistan. It was one of the largest and most advanced cities of its time, with well-planned streets, buildings, and drainage systems. Archaeologists have discovered many artifacts from this site, including seals that provide information about the trade and commerce of the period.

    Some of the seals found at Mohenjodaro depict images of ships and sea creatures, suggesting that the people of the Indus Valley Civilization engaged in maritime trade. The seals also depict images of animals like bulls and elephants, which were likely traded for their meat, hides, and ivory.

    In addition to the seals, archaeologists have also found a piece of woven cloth at Mohenjodaro. This suggests that the people of the Indus Valley Civilization were skilled in weaving and textiles.

    Overall, the discoveries made at Mohenjodaro provide valuable insights into the economic, social, and cultural practices of the Indus Valley Civilization.

    Consider the following statements:
    1. The town planning of Indus Valley Civilization was based on the division of towns into two main parts: citadel/acropolis and lower town.
    2. The use of burnt bricks in the Harappan cities was a standard practice which was also observed in the contemporary buildings of Egypt.
    3. Kalibangan is known for its houses that had individual wells.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • a)
      1 Only
    • b)
      1 and 3 Only
    • c)
      1 and 2 Only
    • d)
      1, 2 and 3
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Maitri Desai answered
    Analysis of Statements
    To determine the correctness of the statements regarding the Indus Valley Civilization, let's break them down individually.
    Statement 1: Town Planning
    - The town planning of the Indus Valley Civilization indeed featured a division into two main parts: the citadel (or acropolis) and the lower town.
    - The citadel was typically elevated and served as the administrative and religious center, while the lower town housed the majority of the population and was more residential and industrial in nature.
    - This statement is correct.
    Statement 2: Use of Burnt Bricks
    - The use of burnt bricks was prevalent in Harappan cities, but it is important to note that while they were used in ancient Egypt, the techniques and quality of bricks differed significantly.
    - The standard practice of using burnt bricks was distinctive to the Harappan civilization, and while the Egyptians did use them, the context and technology were not exactly the same.
    - Therefore, this statement is not entirely correct.
    Statement 3: Kalibangan's Wells
    - Kalibangan is indeed renowned for its well-planned houses that included individual wells, showcasing advanced urban planning and water management.
    - This statement is correct.
    Conclusion
    - Given the analysis:
    - Statement 1 is correct.
    - Statement 2 is not correct.
    - Statement 3 is correct.
    Thus, the correct answer is option b) 1 and 3 Only.

    Consider the following statements regarding the religious practices of the Harappan Civilization:
    Statement -I: The Harappans worshipped a male deity who is often identified with modern Hindu god Shiva.
    Statement -II: Evidence of temple structures has been found in Harappan cities, indicating a space dedicated to religious rituals.
    Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
    • a)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.
    • b)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct but Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
    • c)
      Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.
    • d)
      Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Valor Academy answered
    • Statement-I is correct because archaeological finds like the Pashupati seal depict a male figure in a yogic posture surrounded by animals, which many scholars interpret as a proto-Shiva figure. This suggests that the Harappans may have worshipped a male deity similar to the Hindu god Shiva.
    • Statement-II is incorrect because there is no evidence of temple structures in Harappan cities. Unlike civilizations such as Egypt and Mesopotamia, the Harappan Civilization does not show any unmistakable remains of temples. Religious activities were likely conducted in homes or at small altars, not in dedicated temple complexes.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option C: Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

    What is the primary architectural feature of the Great Granary in Harappa ?
    • a)
      Large columns supporting the structure
    • b)
      Wooden superstructure on top of the brick foundation
    • c)
      Two rows of six rooms along a central passageway
    • d)
      Small triangular openings serving as air ducts
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Capstone Ias Learning answered
    The primary architectural feature of the Great Granary in Harappa is the arrangement of two rows of six rooms along a central passageway. This layout, with each room measuring 15.2 by 6.1 meters and having three sleeper walls with air space between them, indicates a systematic design for storage or other purposes in the ancient Harappan civilization.
     Therefore Correct Answer : Option C

    Consider the following statements:
    Statement-I:
    The Indus Valley Civilization had entered a mature stage by 2600 BC with the establishment of large urban centers like Harappa and Mohenjodaro.
    Statement-II:
    The signs of a gradual decline of the Indus River Valley Civilization started around 1800 BC.
    Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
    • a)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
    • b)
       Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
    • c)
      Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
    • d)
      Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Aspire Academy answered
    Statement-I: The Indus Valley Civilization reached its mature phase around 2600 BC with urban centers like Harappa and Mohenjodaro. This is historically accurate as these cities exemplified urban planning, architecture, and social organization.
    Statement-II: The decline of the Indus Valley Civilization is observed around 1800 BC. Archaeological evidence suggests signs of decline, such as reduced urban quality and changes in settlement patterns.
     Both statements are correct, but Statement-II about the decline does not explain the mature stage described in Statement-I. Thus, option A is correct.

    What does the presence of small settling pools and traps in the drainage system of Harappa primarily indicate?
    • a)
      Importance attached to social and personal hygiene
    • b)
      Advancement in Municipal system
    • c)
      Proper agricultural technique
    • d)
      Good knowledge of brick mortar construction
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Bhaskar Datta answered
    Significance of Small Settling Pools and Traps
    The presence of small settling pools and traps in the drainage system of Harappa reflects a sophisticated municipal system rather than merely indicating hygiene, agriculture, or construction techniques.
    1. Advanced Urban Planning
    - The design of small settling pools demonstrates careful planning and foresight in urban infrastructure.
    - Settling pools were likely used to manage wastewater, allowing solids to settle before water was released into larger drainage systems.
    2. Efficient Waste Management
    - The presence of traps indicates an understanding of waste management, crucial for maintaining public health in densely populated urban centers.
    - This system minimized unpleasant odors and the spread of disease by controlling effluent flow.
    3. Integration of Systems
    - The drainage system in Harappa was interconnected, with pools and traps being integral components that worked together to enhance the overall efficiency of water management.
    - This integration showcases an advanced level of civic engineering and public administration.
    4. Implications for Society
    - A well-planned drainage system indicates a society that valued cleanliness, public health, and efficient resource management.
    - It reflects an advanced level of civic responsibility and governance, essential for managing urban life.
    Conclusion
    The drainage system of Harappa, characterized by small settling pools and traps, primarily indicates the advancement in the municipal system. This complex infrastructure not only showcases the technological prowess of the Harappan civilization but also emphasizes their commitment to maintaining a healthy and organized urban environment.

    Consider the following statements regarding Old Stone Age sites.
    1. The Old Stone age sites were generally located away from water sources to avoid flooding.
    2. Most of these Old stone age sites are concentrated in Southern India with the exception of Adamgarh hill and Bhimbetka.
    Which of the above statements is/are correct?
    • a)
      1 only
    • b)
      2 only
    • c)
      Both 1 and 2
    • d)
      Neither 1 nor 2
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Kavya Shah answered
    Old Stone Age Sites in India

    Introduction:
    The Old Stone Age, also known as the Paleolithic period, is the earliest and longest period of human history. The archaeological sites of this period provide us with a glimpse of the life and culture of our ancestors. In India, Old Stone Age sites are found in various parts of the country.

    Statement 1: The Old Stone age sites were generally located away from water sources to avoid flooding.
    This statement is incorrect. Old Stone Age sites were generally located near water sources such as rivers, lakes, and springs. This is because water was essential for the survival of early humans as it provided them with drinking water and also helped in hunting and gathering activities.

    Statement 2: Most of these Old stone age sites are concentrated in Southern India with the exception of Adamgarh hill and Bhimbetka.
    This statement is also incorrect. Old Stone Age sites are found all over India, from the foothills of the Himalayas to the Deccan Plateau. Some of the important Old Stone Age sites in India are:

    - Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh
    - Adamgarh hill in Madhya Pradesh
    - Hunsgi in Karnataka
    - Kurnool caves in Andhra Pradesh
    - Narmada valley in Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat
    - Soan valley in Punjab and Haryana
    - Bori in Maharashtra

    Conclusion:
    In conclusion, both the statements given in the question are incorrect. Old Stone Age sites in India were generally located near water sources and are found all over the country. These sites provide valuable insights into the life and culture of our ancestors and are an important part of our heritage.

    Which of the following showed the greatest uniformity in Indus Valley Civilization settlement?
    • a)
       Town planning    
    • b)
      Bricks     
    • c)
       Religious practices
    • d)
      Building   
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Prasad Basu answered
    Great Uniformity in Indus Valley Civilization Settlement
    The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) is renowned for its advanced urban planning and uniformity across various settlements. Among the options provided, town planning stands out as the aspect that exhibited the greatest uniformity. Here’s why:
    1. Standardized Urban Layout
    - The cities in the IVC, such as Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, were systematically laid out with a grid pattern.
    - Streets were often wide and straight, intersecting at right angles, indicating meticulous planning.
    2. Uniformity in Infrastructure
    - Public buildings, including granaries and baths, were consistently incorporated into the urban landscape.
    - The presence of drainage systems was remarkable, showcasing a standardized approach to public health and sanitation.
    3. Similarities Across Different Sites
    - Archaeological studies reveal that multiple sites across the IVC share similar architectural styles and urban planning principles.
    - The uniformity suggests that these cities were planned with a common set of guidelines, reflecting a cohesive societal structure.
    4. Impact on Society and Economy
    - The organized nature of these settlements facilitated trade and social interaction, contributing to the economic stability of the civilization.
    - Efficient town planning allowed for effective governance and resource management.
    Conclusion
    While bricks, religious practices, and buildings were also significant, they did not exhibit the same level of consistency across the vast geographical area of the Indus Valley as town planning did. The unique and organized layout of cities is a hallmark of the IVC, highlighting its advanced understanding of urban development.

    Match the following:
    • a)
      [A-II], [B-I], [C-IV], [D-III]
    • b)
      [A-I], [B-II], [C-III], [D-IV]  
    • c)
      [A-III], [B-II], [C-I], [D-IV]
    • d)
      [A-II], [B-I], [C-III], [D-IV]
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Rutuja Ainapure answered
    1) The Mesolithic or middle stone age is an archaeological term used to describe specific cultures that fall between the paleolithic and neolithic periods. Mesolithic identified as a prehistoric period. Some Mesolithic people continued with intensive hunting, while others practiced the initial stages of domestication. Some Mesolithic settlements were villages of huts, others walled cities.
    2) Advanced Neolithic is the final division of stone age. In these, sedentary villages had been established. As the Natufians had become dependent on wild cereals in their diet and a sedentary way of life had begun among them, the climatic changes associated with the Younger Dryas (about 10000 BC) are thought to have forced people to develop farming. In other words, farming communities had arisen in this period.
    3) Early Neolithic is the initiation to age of chipped stone tools and preceded the bronze age or early period of metal tools. There was incipient means beginning.
    So according to me,
    1-B;. 2-A;. 3- D; 4- C.

    Which archaeological site of the Indus Valley Civilization also known as Parasaram-ka-khera?
    • a)
      Alamgirpur 
    • b)
      Lothal 
    • c)
       Harappa
    • d)
       Mohenjodaro 
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Learnpro Institute answered
    The archaeological site known as Parasaram-ka-khera is identified as Alamgirpur. This site is significant for its connection to the Indus Valley Civilization.
    • Alamgirpur is located in the present-day state of Uttar Pradesh, India.
    • It is one of the earliest sites of the Indus Valley Civilization.
    • Excavations have revealed various artefacts that provide insights into the culture and lifestyle of its inhabitants.

    Consider the following statements about the Harappan Civilization:
    1. The Harappan Civilization was discovered first in the modern site of Mohenjo-Daro in Sindh, Pakistan.
    2. The civilization extended from Jammu in the north to the Daimabad in the south.
    3. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were connected by the Ganges River.
    How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • a)
      Only two
    • b)
      Only one
    • c)
      All three
    • d)
      None
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Hrishikesh Iyer answered
    Analysis of Statements on Harappan Civilization
    The Harappan Civilization, one of the earliest urban cultures in South Asia, is often studied for its significant contributions to history. Let's evaluate the given statements:
    Statement 1: The Harappan Civilization was discovered first in the modern site of Mohenjo-Daro in Sindh, Pakistan.
    - This statement is correct. Mohenjo-Daro, located in present-day Sindh, was one of the first sites to be excavated and identified as part of the Harappan Civilization, which emerged around 2500 BCE.
    Statement 2: The civilization extended from Jammu in the north to the Daimabad in the south.
    - This statement is correct but requires clarification. The Harappan Civilization indeed extended across a vast area, including regions in modern-day Pakistan and northwest India. While Jammu is in the northern part, Daimabad is located in Maharashtra, which is somewhat south of the core Harappan sites. Thus, the statement is true in terms of geographical span but can be misleading in terms of direct connectivity.
    Statement 3: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were connected by the Ganges River.
    - This statement is incorrect. Harappa is situated in the Punjab region, while the Ganges River flows much farther east in India and does not connect these two major sites. Instead, they were part of the same civilization but not connected by this river.
    Conclusion
    - Out of the three statements, only two statements are correct: the first and the second (with clarification). Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B': Only one statement is explicitly true without qualifiers.

    Consider the following statements about the agricultural practices of the Harappan Civilization:
    1. The Harappans were among the first to cultivate rice and cotton.
    2. Barley and wheat were the main crops, but rice cultivation was unknown to the Harappans.
    Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
    • a)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.
    • b)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct but Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
    • c)
      Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.
    • d)
      Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Abhay Mukherjee answered
    Understanding the Statements
    The two statements about the agricultural practices of the Harappan Civilization present contrasting views regarding their crop cultivation.
    Statement I: Cultivation of Rice and Cotton
    - This statement claims that the Harappans were among the first to cultivate rice and cotton.
    - Archaeological evidence suggests that while cotton was indeed cultivated, rice was not a staple crop in the Harappan Civilization.
    Statement II: Main Crops of Barley and Wheat
    - This statement asserts that barley and wheat were the primary crops of the Harappans.
    - Historical data indicates that barley and wheat were indeed the main crops, while rice was less prominent or possibly absent in their agricultural practices.
    Analysis of Correctness
    - Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect:
    - The Harappans did cultivate cotton, but rice cultivation was not a significant part of their agriculture, contradicting Statement I.
    - Conversely, Statement II is accurate in stating that barley and wheat were the main crops.
    Conclusion
    Hence, the correct option is C: "Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect." This analysis clarifies the agricultural practices of the Harappan Civilization, emphasizing their reliance on barley and wheat while acknowledging their cultivation of cotton without significant rice farming.

    Consider the following statements:
    Statement I: The Great Granary in Mohenjodaro was built on a massive brick foundation and featured a central passageway.
    Statement II: The design of the Great Granary allowed for air circulation beneath the floor to keep the stored grain cool and dry.
    Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
    • a)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I
    • b)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I 
    • c)
      Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
    • d)
      Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Future Foundation Institute answered
    Statement I: The Great Granary in Mohenjo-Daro was built on a massive brick foundation and featured a central passageway: This is correct. The Great Granary, a significant structure in Mohenjo-Daro, was constructed on a large platform made of baked bricks to protect it from flooding. Archaeological evidence suggests it had a central passageway or aisles, likely for loading and unloading grain or for ventilation purposes.
    Statement II: The design of the Great Granary allowed for air circulation beneath the floor to keep the stored grain cool and dry.: This is also correct. The granary's design included raised platforms with air ducts or channels beneath the floor, which facilitated air circulation. This helped keep the stored grain cool and dry, preventing spoilage.
    However, Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I. While the air circulation system was an important feature, it was not the reason why the foundation was massive or why there was a central passageway. The passageway was more likely related to the design for storage and movement of goods rather than the ventilation system itself.
    Hence, the correct answer - Option A

    Consider the following statements regarding the town planning of the Harappan Civilization:
    1. The grid system was a hallmark of Harappan urban design, with roads cutting across each other almost at right angles.
    2. The Harappan cities lacked any form of drainage system, reflecting a minimal concern for public health and hygiene.
    Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
    • a)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.
    • b)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct but Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
    • c)
      Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.
    • d)
      Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Sneha Sen answered
    Understanding the Harappan Civilization's Town Planning
    The Harappan Civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, is renowned for its advanced urban planning. Let's analyze the two statements regarding this civilization's town planning.
    Statement-I: Grid System in Urban Design
    - The Harappan cities were characterized by a sophisticated grid system.
    - Roads were laid out in a precise manner, often intersecting at right angles, which facilitated organized movement and zoning.
    - Key cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro exemplify this planning style, with streets that were wide and straight.
    Statement-II: Lack of Drainage System
    - Contrary to the assertion in Statement-II, the Harappan cities had an advanced drainage system.
    - They implemented covered drains along major streets, with individual homes often connected to these drainage systems.
    - This infrastructure indicates a significant concern for public health and hygiene, contrary to what Statement-II suggests.
    Conclusion
    - The evaluation reveals that Statement-I is correct as it accurately describes the grid system.
    - Statement-II is incorrect because the Harappan civilization had an effective drainage system, demonstrating their awareness of public health.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C': Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect. The Harappan Civilization's urban planning reflects remarkable foresight in health and hygiene, marking it as one of the most advanced of its time.

    Consider the following pairs:

    How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
    • a)
      Only one pair
    • b)
      Only two pairs
    • c)
      All three pairs
    • d)
      None of the pairs
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Master Training Institute answered
    • Rice remains have been discovered at Lothal, indicating its cultivation.
    • Cotton, known to the Greeks as "sindon," was indeed produced in the region, with evidence found in areas like Mohenjo-Daro.
    • Wheat was a staple crop of the Harappan Civilization, with evidence of its cultivation found in various sites, including Harappa. Thus, all pairs are correctly matched.
    Old NCERT

    Consider the following statements:
    Statement-I: The Indus Valley civilization is known for its highly developed town planning, featuring planned cities with a scientific drainage system.
    Statement-II: The lower town in Indus cities was primarily inhabited by the working class, while the citadel was reserved for the ruling elite and administrative buildings.
    Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
    • a)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
    • b)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
    • c)
      Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
    • d)
      Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Arya Das answered
    Explanation of the Statements
    The two statements provided pertain to the characteristics of the Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan Civilization.
    Statement-I: Town Planning
    - The Indus Valley civilization is indeed celebrated for its advanced town planning.
    - This civilization featured well-organized cities such as Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro.
    - Key aspects included grid-pattern layouts, standardized brick sizes, and sophisticated drainage systems that demonstrate a high level of urban planning and civil engineering.
    Statement-II: Social Structure
    - The statement accurately reflects the social stratification in Indus cities.
    - The lower town was generally associated with the working class, where artisans, laborers, and merchants lived.
    - The citadel was likely reserved for the ruling elite and housed important administrative and religious buildings, indicating a clear division of space based on social hierarchy.
    Conclusion
    - Both statements are correct in their descriptions of the Indus Valley civilization.
    - However, Statement-II does not explain Statement-I. While Statement-I describes the overall urban planning and architectural achievements, Statement-II focuses on the social structure of the population in those cities.
    - Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B': Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I.

    Consider the following statements about the architectural features of the Indus Valley Civilization:
    1. The streets of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were oriented from east to west only
    2. Burnt bricks were used in construction in Harappan cities, unlike the contemporary buildings of Egypt which used mainly dried bricks.
    3. The Great Bath of Mohenjo-Daro served a ritualistic purpose in addition to being an ancient public water tank.
    How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • a)
      Only one
    • b)
      Only two
    • c)
      All three
    • d)
      None
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Goel UPSC Coaching Center answered
    • The streets of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro followed a grid pattern and were oriented north-south and east-west, making statement 1 incorrect.
    • The use of burnt bricks for construction is a notable advancement in the architecture of the Indus Valley Civilization, contrasting with the use of mainly dried bricks in contemporary Egyptian buildings, making statement 2 correct.
    • The Great Bath is indeed believed to have served a ritualistic purpose, showcasing the civilization's emphasis on cleanliness and possibly religious ceremonies, making statement 3 correct.

    Consider the following statements:
    1. The Harappan Civilization is older than the chalcolithic cultures found in the region.
    2. The area covered by the Harappan Civilization was approximately 1,299,600 square kilometers.
    3. The Harappan Civilization used metal money for trade.
    How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • a)
      Only one
    • b)
      Only two
    • c)
      All three
    • d)
      None
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Jaya Nambiar answered
    Correct Statements:
    - The Harappan Civilization is older than the chalcolithic cultures found in the region.
    - Only two

    Explanation:
    The first statement is correct as the Harappan Civilization is considered to be one of the oldest urban civilizations in the world, dating back to around 2600 BCE, while the chalcolithic cultures in the region emerged later.
    The second statement is incorrect. The area covered by the Harappan Civilization was estimated to be around 1,260,000 square kilometers, not 1,299,600 square kilometers as mentioned.
    The third statement is also incorrect. The Harappan Civilization did not use metal money for trade. Instead, they used a system of weights and measures to facilitate trade and commerce.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B' - Only two.

    When did settlements begin in the Indus Valley Civilization, marking the first signs of urbanization?
    • a)
      4000 BCE
    • b)
      3500 BCE
    • c)
      3000 BCE
    • d)
      2500 BCE
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Akanksha Patel answered
    Settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization
    The settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization began around 3000 BCE, marking the first signs of urbanization in the region.

    Key Points:
    - The Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan Civilization, was one of the world's earliest urban civilizations.
    - The major urban centers of this civilization included Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, and Dholavira.
    - These settlements were characterized by well-planned streets, advanced drainage systems, and standardized brick sizes, indicating a high level of urban development.
    - The people of the Indus Valley Civilization were skilled in crafts such as pottery, metalworking, and bead-making.
    - Agriculture was the main economic activity, with the Indus River providing fertile land for farming.
    - Trade networks extended to regions such as Mesopotamia, Oman, and Afghanistan, showcasing the civilization's economic prosperity.
    - The decline of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1900 BCE remains a topic of debate among historians, with theories ranging from environmental factors to invasions.
    In conclusion, the settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization that began around 3000 BCE represented a significant step towards urbanization, with well-developed cities and advanced infrastructure setting the stage for a flourishing civilization.

    Consider the following pairs:
    1. Mesopotamian Civilization - Basin of Nile river
    2. Egyptian Civilization - Nile river valley
    3. Indus Valley Civilization - Indus river and its tributaries
    4. Chinese Civilization - Hwang Ho river basin
    How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
    • a)
      Only one pair
    • b)
      Only two pairs
    • c)
      Only three pairs
    • d)
      All four pairs
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Rutuja Gupta answered
    Explanation:
    Indus Valley Civilization - Indus river and its tributaries:
    - The Indus Valley Civilization was located in the basin of the Indus River and its tributaries in present-day Pakistan and northwest India. This civilization flourished around 2600-1900 BCE.
    Chinese Civilization - Hwang Ho river basin:
    - The Chinese Civilization developed in the Hwang Ho (Yellow River) basin in China. The Yellow River played a crucial role in the development of Chinese civilization, providing fertile land for agriculture.

    Conclusion:
    - Based on the information provided, three out of the four pairs are correctly matched. Mesopotamian Civilization is associated with the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, not the Nile river as mentioned in the first pair. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - Only three pairs.

    Consider the following statements:
    1. The Harappans were the earliest people to produce cotton.
    2. The Great Bath at Mohenjo-Daro is surrounded by a paved courtyard.
    3. Stone implements were largely used by the Indus people.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • a)
      1 Only
    • b)
      1, 2 and 3
    • c)
      1 and 3 Only
    • d)
      1 and 2 Only
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Target Study Academy answered
    1. The Harappans were the earliest people to produce cotton: This statement is correct. The Indus Valley Civilisation is known to have been among the earliest cultures to cultivate and use cotton, as evidenced by archaeological findings.
    2. The Great Bath at Mohenjo-Daro is surrounded by a paved courtyard: This statement is correct. The Great Bath, one of the most famous structures at Mohenjo-Daro, is indeed surrounded by a paved courtyard, indicating advanced engineering and architectural skills.
    3. Stone implements were largely used by the Indus people: This statement is Incorrect. The Indus people primarily used bronze and copper tools rather than stone implements. The civilisation belongs to the Bronze Age, meaning metal tools were dominant, though stone tools were still used occasionally.
    Thus, only the first two statements are correct. Therefore, the correct answer is Option D.

    Consider the following statements about the Indus Valley Civilisation:
    Statement I:
    Most Harappan inscriptions were recorded on seals.
    Statement II:
    The Harappans were the earliest people to produce cotton.
    Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
    • a)
      Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect 
    • b)
      Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II explains Statement I
    • c)
      Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II does not explain Statement I
    • d)
      Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Tushar Das answered
    Explanation:

    Statement I:
    - Most Harappan inscriptions were recorded on seals: This statement is correct. The Harappan civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, left behind numerous seals with inscriptions. These seals were typically made of steatite and had short inscriptions in the ancient script of the Harappan people.

    Statement II:
    - The Harappans were the earliest people to produce cotton: This statement is also correct. The Harappans were indeed among the earliest people to cultivate and produce cotton. Archaeological evidence suggests that cotton was grown and used in the Indus Valley Civilization for textile production.
    Therefore, Option C is the correct answer as both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II explains Statement I. The Harappans used seals to record inscriptions, and they were also known for their early cotton production.

    Consider the following statements about Harappan Civilization:
    1. The Great Bath of Mohenjo-Daro served a ritual purpose, likely related to religious ceremonies.
    2. The Harappan Civilization's urban centers like Mohenjo-Daro did not have a drainage system.
    3. Terracotta figurines in the Harappan culture served dual purposes: as toys and objects of worship.
    How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • a)
      Only one
    • b)
      Only two
    • c)
      All three
    • d)
      None
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Sagnik Shah answered
    Analysis of Statements on Harappan Civilization
    The Harappan Civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, is noted for its advanced urban planning and culture. Let’s evaluate the statements provided:
    Statement 1: The Great Bath served a ritual purpose
    - This statement is considered correct. Archaeological evidence suggests that the Great Bath at Mohenjo-Daro likely had a ritualistic function, possibly related to purification or religious ceremonies. Its grand structure and the presence of water indicate its importance in the cultural practices of the Harappans.
    Statement 2: Urban centers lacked a drainage system
    - This statement is incorrect. The Harappan urban centers, particularly Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, are renowned for their sophisticated drainage systems. The cities featured covered drains and a well-planned layout that efficiently managed wastewater, highlighting their advanced engineering skills.
    Statement 3: Terracotta figurines served dual purposes
    - This statement is correct. Terracotta figurines from the Harappan culture indeed served multiple purposes. They were likely used as toys for children and also had a role in religious practices, possibly representing deities or figures in worship.
    Conclusion
    - Based on the evaluation:
    - Statement 1: Correct
    - Statement 2: Incorrect
    - Statement 3: Correct
    Thus, only two out of the three statements are accurate. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B': Only two statements are correct.

    Which one of the following was the most suitable reasons, which made the Harappans move away from their urban settlement?
    • a)
      Hydrological changes
    • b)
      Ecological changes
    • c)
      Foreign invasion
    • d)
      Demographic changes
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Wizius Careers answered
    Archaeological and geological evidence strongly suggests that hydrological changes—such as the drying up or shifting of rivers, especially the Ghaggar-Hakra (believed by some to be the mythical Saraswati River)—played a critical role in the decline of the Harappan Civilization. These changes affected agriculture, water supply, and trade routes, making it difficult to sustain large urban centers.
    Other options are less supported as primary causes:
    b) Ecological changes: While they may have contributed, they are often linked to hydrological shifts.
    c) Foreign invasion: This theory (e.g., Aryan invasion) has largely been discredited.
    d) Demographic changes: These were more likely a result than a cause of the decline.
    So, hydrological changes are considered the most suitable and well-supported reason.

    Consider the following statements:
    1. The earliest evidence of dentistry dates back to the Indus Valley Civilization.
    2. The Indus Valley Civilization was contemporary with the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations.
    3. The ruins of Mohenjo-Daro were designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1980.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • a)
      1 Only
    • b)
      1 and 2 Only
    • c)
      1 and 3 Only
    • d)
      1, 2 and 3
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Arya Saha answered
    Understanding the Statements
    The question revolves around the historical significance of the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) and its contemporaries. Let's analyze each statement:
    1. The earliest evidence of dentistry dates back to the Indus Valley Civilization.
    - This statement is correct. Archaeological findings in the IVC, particularly in the city of Mohenjo-Daro, reveal evidence of dental practices, including the drilling of teeth, which indicates a level of sophistication in dental care.
    2. The Indus Valley Civilization was contemporary with the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations.
    - This statement is also correct. The IVC flourished around 2500 BCE, during a period when the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations were also developing. These cultures interacted and influenced each other, sharing advancements in trade, writing, and architecture.
    3. The ruins of Mohenjo-Daro were designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1980.
    - This statement is correct as well. In 1980, UNESCO recognized the ruins of Mohenjo-Daro for their historical and cultural significance, highlighting the importance of the IVC in the broader context of human history.
    Conclusion
    Since all three statements are accurate, the correct answer is indeed option 'D' - 1, 2, and 3. Each statement provides insight into the remarkable achievements and relevance of the Indus Valley Civilization in the context of world history.

    Consider the following statements:
    Statement-I:
    Chanhudaro is often referred to as the Lancashire of ancient India and notably lacks a citadel.
    Statement-II:
    Banawali comprises a well-structured fort town encompassed by a defensive wall standing at a height of 4.5m.
    Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
    • a)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
    • b)
      Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
    • c)
      Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
    • d)
      Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Sameer Yadav answered
    Explanation:
    Chanhudaro and Banawali are two important archaeological sites of the Indus Valley Civilization. Let's analyze each statement individually:

    Statement-I:
    - Chanhudaro is often referred to as the Lancashire of ancient India because it was an important center for the production of beads and copper tools.
    - It notably lacks a citadel, which sets it apart from other Indus Valley sites like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, which had citadels for administrative and defensive purposes.

    Statement-II:
    - Banawali is another archaeological site of the Indus Valley Civilization.
    - Banawali comprises a well-structured fort town encompassed by a defensive wall standing at a height of 4.5m, which indicates the presence of a citadel or fortified area for protection.

    Correct Answer:
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I.
    Therefore, option B is the correct answer as both statements are individually correct but do not have a direct explanatory relationship.

    Where was Sutkagendor located, and what significant archaeological features were unearthed at this site?
    • a)
      Sutkagendor was located in the Punjab region of India, and artifacts such as bronze sculptures and jewelry were discovered.
    • b)
      Sutkagendor was situated in the Makran district of Balochistan, Pakistan, and it revealed stone vessels, pottery, shell beads, and clay bangles.
    • c)
      Sutkagendor was found in the Ganges Valley of India, showcasing early agricultural tools and terracotta figurines.
    • d)
      Sutkagendor was positioned in the Fertile Crescent, and artifacts like cuneiform tablets and ziggurats were excavated.
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Akanksha Patel answered
    Location of Sutkagendor
    Sutkagendor was situated in the Makran district of Balochistan, Pakistan.

    Archaeological Discoveries
    - The site of Sutkagendor revealed various significant archaeological features, including:
    - Stone vessels
    - Pottery
    - Shell beads
    - Clay bangles
    These artifacts provide insights into the culture, lifestyle, and craftsmanship of the ancient inhabitants of Sutkagendor. The discovery of such items helps archaeologists and historians understand the social, economic, and religious practices of the people who lived in this region during that time period. The presence of these objects also suggests the level of sophistication and skill that existed among the residents of Sutkagendor.

    Consider the following pairs:
    1. Amri - Situated near Gunthali in Nakhatrana taluka of Bhuj district (Gujarat)
    2. Balakot - Discovered by Robert Raikes
    3. Desalpur - Situated south of Mohenjo-daro
    4. Amri - Knowledge of metal working, use of wheel pottery with animal figures painted on it
    How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
    • a)
      Only one pair
    • b)
      Only two pairs
    • c)
      Only three pairs
    • d)
      All four pairs
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Debanshi Rane answered
    Overview of the Pairs
    To evaluate how many pairs are correctly matched, let's analyze each one individually:
    1. Amri - Situated near Gunthali in Nakhatrana taluka of Bhuj district (Gujarat)
    - This pair is incorrect. Amri is located in the Sindh region of Pakistan, not in Gujarat, India.
    2. Balakot - Discovered by Robert Raikes
    - This pair is incorrect. Balakot is not associated with Robert Raikes, who is known for founding the Sunday School movement in England. Balakot is an archaeological site in Pakistan.
    3. Desalpur - Situated south of Mohenjo-daro
    - This pair is correct. Desalpur is an archaeological site located to the south of Mohenjo-daro, which is part of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization.
    4. Amri - Knowledge of metal working, use of wheel pottery with animal figures painted on it
    - This pair is correct. Amri is known for its archaeological findings, including evidence of metalworking and painted pottery typical of the Indus Valley Civilization.
    Summary of Correct Matches
    - Correctly matched pairs:
    - Pair 3 (Desalpur and Mohenjo-daro)
    - Pair 4 (Amri and its cultural artifacts)
    Conclusion
    - In total, 2 pairs are correctly matched. Thus, the correct answer is option 'B' (Only two pairs).

    Consider the following pairs:
    1. Mehrgarh, Pakistan - Earliest evidence of dentistry
    2. Mohenjo-Daro - UNESCO World Heritage site since 1980
    3. Pallavaram - First evidence of human beings in India
    4. Guptas - Issued the largest number of silver coins
    How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
    • a)
      Only one pair
    • b)
      Only two pairs
    • c)
      Only three pairs
    • d)
      All four pairs
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Pranjal Choudhary answered
    Analysis of the Pairs
    To determine how many pairs are correctly matched, we need to evaluate each statement:
    1. Mehrgarh, Pakistan - Earliest evidence of dentistry
    - Mehrgarh is indeed one of the earliest known agricultural sites in South Asia, with evidence of early dental practices, including drilling of teeth. Thus, this pair is correct.
    2. Mohenjo-Daro - UNESCO World Heritage site since 1980
    - Mohenjo-Daro was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1980, recognizing its significance as an archaeological site of the Indus Valley Civilization. This pair is also correct.
    3. Pallavaram - First evidence of human beings in India
    - While Pallavaram is significant for its archaeological findings, it is not the site of the earliest evidence of human beings in India. Other sites, such as Bhimbetka and the Narmada Valley, have older evidence. Therefore, this pair is incorrect.
    4. Guptas - Issued the largest number of silver coins
    - The Gupta Empire is well-known for its extensive coinage, but it is not accurate to state that they issued the largest number of silver coins. Other dynasties also issued significant quantities, making this pair incorrect.
    Conclusion
    - After analyzing the pairs, we find that only two pairs are correctly matched: Mehrgarh and Mohenjo-Daro. Therefore, the correct answer is indeed option 'B'.

    Consider the following pairs:
    1. Sutkagendor - Located in the Fatehabad district of Haryana
    2. Chanhudaro - Located along the Indus River in Sindh, Pakistan
    3. Surkotada - Evidence of horse bones found
    4. Banawali - Discovered by N.G. Majumdar
    How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
    • a)
      Only one pair
    • b)
      Only two pairs
    • c)
      Only three pairs
    • d)
      All four pairs
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Surbhi Joshi answered
    Correctly Matched Pairs
    1. Sutkagendor - Located in the Fatehabad district of Haryana
    - This pair is correctly matched as Sutkagendor is indeed located in the Fatehabad district of Haryana.
    2. Chanhudaro - Located along the Indus River in Sindh, Pakistan
    - This pair is also correctly matched as Chanhudaro is an archaeological site located along the Indus River in Sindh, Pakistan.

    Incorrectly Matched Pairs
    3. Surkotada - Evidence of horse bones found
    - This pair is not correctly matched. Surkotada is actually known for its archaeological remains related to the Harappan civilization but not specifically for evidence of horse bones.
    4. Banawali - Discovered by N.G. Majumdar
    - This pair is also not correctly matched. Banawali is an archaeological site in Haryana, but it was discovered by R. S. Bisht, not N.G. Majumdar.
    Therefore, out of the given pairs, only two of them are correctly matched (Sutkagendor and Chanhudaro), while the other two pairs are not accurately matched.

    Consider the following statements regarding the archaeological findings from Harappan sites:
    1. The double citadel with fire altars and evidence of the cult of sacrifice was found in Kalibangan.
    2. A dockyard and wharf loading platform were discovered at Lothal along with rice husk.
    3. The site of Kot Diji revealed a Mesopotamian seal made of ivory and chess game pieces.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • a)
      1 Only
    • b)
      1 and 2 Only
    • c)
      1 and 3 Only
    • d)
      1, 2 and 3
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Arya Saha answered
    Overview of Harappan Archaeological Findings
    The Harappan civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, showcases remarkable archaeological findings. Let's analyze the statements regarding these findings to determine their correctness.
    Statement 1: Double Citadel in Kalibangan
    - The double citadel with fire altars and evidence of a cult of sacrifice was indeed found in Kalibangan.
    - This site is significant for its unique architectural features and ritualistic practices.
    Statement 2: Dockyard at Lothal
    - Lothal is famously known for its dockyard and wharf loading platform, which were used for maritime trade.
    - The discovery of rice husk at Lothal indicates agricultural practices and possibly trade in rice, supporting the site's significance in the region.
    Statement 3: Findings at Kot Diji
    - Kot Diji is an important archaeological site but did not reveal a Mesopotamian seal made of ivory or chess game pieces.
    - This statement is incorrect as there is no evidence of such artifacts from Kot Diji.
    Conclusion: Correct Statements
    - Based on the analysis:
    - Statement 1 is correct.
    - Statement 2 is correct.
    - Statement 3 is incorrect.
    Thus, the correct answer is b) 1 and 2 only.

    Consider the following pairs:

    How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
    • a)
      Only one pair
    • b)
      Only two pairs
    • c)
      All three pairs
    • d)
      None of the pairs
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Ias Masters answered
    • The Dancing Girl is a famous bronze artifact from the Harappan Civilization.
    • Seals, while made of various materials including steatite, also included terracotta as a common material.
    • The Priest King statue is indeed made of steatite, a soft stone used for many Harappan carvings. Thus, all three pairs are correctly matched.
    Old NCERT

    Consider the following statements:
    1. The Harappans were the earliest people to produce cotton, known to Greeks as sindon.
    2. The Harappan Civilization was horse-centered, with evidence of horses found in all major Harappan sites.
    3. Seals are considered the greatest artistic creations of the Harappan culture.
    How many of the statements given above are correct?
    • a)
      Only two
    • b)
      Only one
    • c)
      All three
    • d)
      None
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Nabanita Chopra answered
    Explanation:

    Statement 1: The Harappans were the earliest people to produce cotton, known to Greeks as sindon.
    This statement is correct. The Harappans were indeed one of the earliest civilizations to produce cotton. They cultivated and spun cotton for textile production, which was traded with civilizations like the Greeks who referred to it as "sindon."

    Statement 2: The Harappan Civilization was horse-centered, with evidence of horses found in all major Harappan sites.
    This statement is incorrect. There is no concrete evidence to suggest that the Harappan Civilization was horse-centered. In fact, the presence of horses in Harappan sites is a topic of debate among archaeologists, with some arguing that horses were not prevalent in the Harappan culture.

    Statement 3: Seals are considered the greatest artistic creations of the Harappan culture.
    This statement is correct. The Harappan seals are indeed considered one of the greatest artistic creations of their culture. These seals were intricately carved with various motifs and inscriptions, depicting animals, humans, and other symbols. They were used for trade, administration, and possibly religious purposes.
    Therefore, only two of the statements given above are correct.

    Consider the following statements:
    1. The site of Ropar was discovered by Y. D. Sharma in 1953.
    2. Dholavira is one of the two largest Harappan settlements in India, the other being Rakhigarhi.
    3. The excavations at Dholavira revealed that the town was divided into three principal divisions, two of which were protected by rectangular fortification.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • a)
      1 Only
    • b)
      1 and 2 Only
    • c)
      1 and 3 Only
    • d)
      1, 2 and 3
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Arya Saha answered
    Overview of Harappan Civilization
    The Harappan Civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, is one of the world's oldest urban cultures, flourishing around 2500 BCE. Understanding significant archaeological sites like Ropar and Dholavira is crucial in appreciating this ancient civilization.
    Statement 1: Ropar Discovery
    - The site of Ropar was indeed discovered by Y. D. Sharma in 1953.
    - This discovery contributed significantly to the understanding of the early Harappan culture in the Punjab region.
    Statement 2: Dholavira and Rakhigarhi
    - Dholavira is recognized as one of the two largest Harappan settlements in India.
    - Rakhigarhi is the other major site, highlighting the extensive urban planning and culture of the Harappan Civilization.
    Statement 3: Excavations at Dholavira
    - Excavations at Dholavira revealed a sophisticated urban layout.
    - The town was divided into three principal divisions, two of which were protected by rectangular fortifications, indicating advanced city planning and defensive strategies.
    Conclusion
    - All three statements are correct, as they reflect significant findings and facts about the Harappan Civilization.
    - Thus, the correct answer is option 'D', confirming the accuracy of all provided statements.
    This comprehensive understanding of Ropar and Dholavira enhances our knowledge of one of the most remarkable ancient civilizations.

    Consider the following statements regarding the archaeological site Sutkagendor:
    1. Sutkagendor is located in the Makran district of Balochistan, Pakistan.
    2. The site is known for its citadel and a 30-foot-wide defensive wall.
    3. Sutkagendor was discovered in 1964 by J.P. Joshi.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    • a)
      1 Only
    • b)
      1 and 2 Only
    • c)
      1 and 3 Only
    • d)
      1, 2 and 3
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Pranjal Choudhary answered
    Overview of Sutkagendor
    Sutkagendor is an important archaeological site that provides insights into ancient civilizations in the region. Here’s a detailed explanation of the statements provided:
    Statement 1: Location
    - Correct: Sutkagendor is indeed located in the Makran district of Balochistan, Pakistan. This region is significant for its historical connections and archaeological importance.
    Statement 2: Citadel and Defensive Wall
    - Correct: The site is known for its impressive citadel and a defensive wall that measures approximately 30 feet in width. This feature indicates the site's strategic importance and the architectural skills of the civilization that built it.
    Statement 3: Discovery
    - Incorrect: Sutkagendor was not discovered in 1964 by J.P. Joshi. While J.P. Joshi contributed significantly to the study of the site, it was actually discovered earlier, in the 1950s.
    Conclusion
    Based on the analysis of the statements:
    - Correct Statements: 1 and 2
    - Incorrect Statement: 3
    Thus, the correct answer is option B: 1 and 2 Only. This highlights the significance of Sutkagendor in understanding the historical and cultural landscape of ancient Balochistan.

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