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All questions of Introduction to Modern India for BPSC (Bihar) Exam

The book “Mother India” was written by:
a)
Madam Bikaji Cama
b)
Sarojini Naidu
c)
Annie Besant
d)
Katherine Mayo
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Ritika Choudhury answered

The shift in terms of the writing of women’s history began with the women’s movement of the 1970s which provided the context and impetus for the emergence of women’s studies in India. Very soon, women’s history broadened and assumed the more complex shape of gender history. In the early years, the endeavour was to write a history of women to supplement the writings of mainstream history.
Also, an attempt was made to research and compile an archive of women’s writing. An important area of research has been analysis of the way in which colonial structures, such as the legal structure, affected women’s lives.
Women’s vulnerability due to the denial of ownership of productive resources has been focused on, in the analysis of how progressive laws shaped gender relations. In the colonial period, two works based upon the women’s question in India—The High Caste Hindu Woman (1887) by Pandita Ramabai, and Mother India (1927) by Katherine Mayo—attracted international attention.

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Consider the following statements:
1. The first newspaper in India, The Bengal Gazette, was published by James Augustus Hickey in 1780.
2. The Madras Courier was published before The Calcutta Gazette.
3. The Hindu and Swadesamitran were edited by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in the second half of the 19th century.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a)
1 Only
b)
1 and 2 Only
c)
1 and 3 Only
d)
1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Divey Sethi answered

1. Correct: The Bengal Gazette, also known as the Calcutta General Advertiser, was indeed the first newspaper in India, published by James Augustus Hickey in 1780.

2. Incorrect: The Calcutta Gazette was published in 1784, while The Madras Courier was published in 1788. Therefore, The Madras Courier was published after The Calcutta Gazette.

3. Incorrect: The Hindu and Swadesamitran were edited by G. Subramaniya Iyer, not Bal Gangadhar Tilak. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was associated with the newspapers Kesari and Mahratta.

Thus, only statement 1 is correct.

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Consider the following statements about Communal School of Historiography in regard to History of India:
1. This school of historiography saw Hindus and Muslims as having mutually antagonistic interests.
2. This school is often used by communal political leaders for community-based mobilization in furtherance of their political interests.
Which of the above statements is/are correct:
a)
1 Only
b)
2 Only
c)
Both 1 and 2
d)
Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Kavita Mehta answered

The historians of this school, relying completely on the colonial historiography of medieval India and colonial era textbooks, viewed Hindus and Muslims as permanent hostile groups whose interests were mutually different and antagonistic to each other.
This view was not only reflected in the writings of the historians but it also found a more virulent form in the hands of the communal political leaders. In their view, India’s medieval history was one long story of Hindu-Muslim conflict.
As a corollary of this view, it was then argued that the 19th- and 20th-century Muslims had the ‘happy’ and ‘proud’ ever present memory of having been the ruling class, while Hindus had the ‘sad’ and ‘humiliating’ memory of having been the subject race. This, ultimately, developed mutual hatred among these groups often resulting in communal riots and, in the end led to the partition of India.

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Consider the following pairs:
1. James Augustus Hickey - The Bengal Gazette
2. G. Subramaniya Iyer - Kesari
3. Bal Gangadhar Tilak - Mahratta
4. Surendranath Banerjea - Bengalee
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
a)
Only one pair
b)
Only two pairs
c)
Only three pairs
d)
All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Upsc Toppers answered

1. James Augustus Hickey - The Bengal Gazette: Correct
James Augustus Hickey published the first newspaper in India, The Bengal Gazette, in 1780.

2. G. Subramaniya Iyer - Kesari: Incorrect
G. Subramaniya Iyer was the editor of The Hindu and Swadesamitran, not Kesari. Kesari was edited by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

3. Bal Gangadhar Tilak - Mahratta: Correct
Bal Gangadhar Tilak was indeed the editor of Mahratta, along with Kesari.

4. Surendranath Banerjea - Bengalee: Correct
Surendranath Banerjea was the editor of the newspaper Bengalee.

Thus, pairs 1, 3, and 4 are correctly matched.

Answer: Option C

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Nationalist School of Historiography emerged as a response to:
a)
Marxist School
b)
Subaltern School
c)
Colonial School
d)
None of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Priya Menon answered

The nationalist approach to Indian history can be described as one which tended to contribute to the growth of nationalist feelings and to unify people in the face of religious, caste, or linguistic differences or class differentiation.
This approach looks at the national movement as a movement of the Indian people, which grew out of the growing awareness among all people of the exploitative nature of colonial rule.
This approach developed as a response to and in confrontation with the colonial approach. It should be noted that the nationalist historians of modern India didn’t exist before 1947. Before 1947, nationalist historiography mainly dealt with the ancient and medieval periods of Indian history.
Although, in the last quarter of the 19th century, a detailed and scientific critique of colonialism for the adverse economic aspects of alien rule was developed by nationalists like Dadabhai Naoroji, M.G. Ranade, G.V. Joshi, R.C.

Dutt, K.T. Telang, G.K. Gokhale, and D.E. Wacha. The only accounts of the national movement was by nationalist leaders (not historians) such as R.G.

Pradhan, A.C. Mazumdar, J.L. Nehru and Pattabhi Sitaramayya. R.C. Majumdar and Tara Chand are noted nationalist historians of modern India.

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Consider the following statements:
1. The National Archives of India contains most of the archives of the Government of India.
2. The records in the National Archives come under various groups, representing different branches of the secretariat at different stages of its development.
3. The records of the Madras Presidency begin from AD 1600 and include records of the Governor and Council of Fort St. George.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a)
1 Only
b)
1 and 2 Only
c)
1 and 3 Only
d)
1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Shanaya Bajaj answered

Explanation:

- Statement 1: The National Archives of India indeed contains most of the archives of the Government of India, making this statement correct.
- Statement 2: The records in the National Archives are classified into various groups, representing different branches of the secretariat at different stages of its development. This makes the second statement also correct.
- Statement 3: The records of the Madras Presidency in the National Archives of India do begin from AD 1600 and include records of the Governor and Council of Fort St. George, further confirming the accuracy of this statement.
Therefore, considering the above analysis, both statements 1 and 2 are correct, making the correct answer option 'B' - 1 and 2 Only.

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Consider the following pairs:
1. National Archives of India - Located in Mumbai
2. James Rennell - First Surveyor-General of Bengal
3. Records of the Madras Presidency - Begin from AD 1670
4. Archives of State Governments - Include records of the erstwhile princely states
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
a)
Only one pair
b)
Only two pairs
c)
Only three pairs
d)
All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Devanshi Chavan answered

Correctly Matched Pairs:
1. National Archives of India - Located in Mumbai
The National Archives of India is actually located in New Delhi, not Mumbai. It serves as the repository of the non-current records of the Government of India and holds a vast collection of documents dating back to the 11th century.
2. James Rennell - First Surveyor-General of Bengal
James Rennell was indeed the first Surveyor-General of Bengal. He played a significant role in mapping and surveying the region, which laid the foundation for modern cartography in India.
3. Records of the Madras Presidency - Begin from AD 1670
The records of the Madras Presidency do not begin from AD 1670. They actually date back to a much earlier period, tracing the administrative history of the region from the establishment of the East India Company's presence in Madras.
4. Archives of State Governments - Include records of the erstwhile princely states
The Archives of State Governments do include records of the erstwhile princely states. These archives preserve valuable historical documents related to the administration, culture, and society of the former princely states that existed before independence.
Therefore, only three pairs out of the four given pairs are correctly matched in the context of Indian history and archival information.

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Consider the following statements:

Statement-I:
The Dutch records of Cochin and Malabar are in the Madras Record Office, and those of Chinsura are in the state archives of West Bengal.

Statement-II:
The remaining Danish records, mainly relating to Tranquebar (1777-1845), are now housed in the Madras Record Office.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

a)
Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I

b)
Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect

c)
Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I

d)
Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct

Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sagar Pillai answered

Statement Analysis:

Statement-I:
- The Dutch records of Cochin and Malabar are in the Madras Record Office.
- The records of Chinsura are in the state archives of West Bengal.

Statement-II:
- The remaining Danish records, mainly relating to Tranquebar (1777-1845), are now housed in the Madras Record Office.

Correct Answer and Explanation:
The correct answer is option 'C', which states that Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect. This is because the Dutch records of Cochin and Malabar are indeed in the Madras Record Office, and those of Chinsura are in the state archives of West Bengal. However, the second statement about the Danish records primarily relating to Tranquebar being housed in the Madras Record Office is incorrect.
Therefore, while Statement-I is accurate in terms of the locations of the Dutch records, Statement-II provides incorrect information about the Danish records, making option 'C' the correct choice.

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Consider the following statements about Novel “Anand Math”:
1. It was written by Bengali Novelist Bankim Chandra Chaterjee.
2. The novel is based on the theme of the Sanyasi Rebellion of the 1760s.
Which of the above statements is/are correct:
a)
1 Only
b)
2 Only
c)
Both 1 and 2
d)
Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Goel UPSC Coaching Center answered

Statement 1: It was written by Bengali Novelist Bankim Chandra Chatterjee - Correct
Anand Math was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, a prominent Bengali novelist and one of the key figures in the Indian literary renaissance.
Statement 2: The novel is based on the theme of the Sanyasi Rebellion of the 1760s- Correct
The novel Anand Math is set against the backdrop of the Sanyasi Rebellion, a historical uprising of Hindu ascetics (Sanyasis) against the British East India Company in the late 18th century.

Therefore,Correct Answer- Option C

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