All questions of Climax And Disintegration of Mughal Empire II for BPSC (Bihar) Exam

Senapati
The Senapati was the commander-in-chief of the Maratha forces in Shivaji's administration. This position was crucial in overseeing the military operations and strategies of the Maratha army. Here is some more information about the role of the Senapati in Shivaji's administration:

Responsibilities of the Senapati:
- The Senapati was responsible for leading the Maratha army in battles and campaigns.
- They played a key role in planning military strategies and tactics to ensure the success of the Maratha forces.
- The Senapati also had the responsibility of training and organizing the soldiers under their command.

Importance of the Senapati:
- The Senapati held a position of great authority and influence in Shivaji's administration.
- They were crucial in maintaining the military strength of the Maratha empire and expanding its territories through successful military campaigns.
- The Senapati played a vital role in safeguarding the interests of the Maratha kingdom and protecting it from external threats.

Key Duties:
- Leading the Maratha army in battles and campaigns
- Planning military strategies and tactics
- Training and organizing the soldiers
- Safeguarding the interests of the Maratha kingdom
In conclusion, the Senapati was a key figure in Shivaji's administration, responsible for overseeing the military operations and ensuring the success and security of the Maratha empire through effective leadership and strategic planning.

Explanation:

Origins of Shivaji's System of Administration:
- Shivaji's system of administration was not entirely original and unique to the Maratha Empire.
- It was actually borrowed from the administrative practices of the Deccan states.

Deccan States Influence:
- Shivaji's administration was influenced by the administrative systems of the Deccan states.
- He adopted several administrative practices from these states and modified them to suit the needs of the Maratha Empire.

Reasons for the Influence:
- The Deccan states had well-established administrative systems that were efficient and effective.
- Shivaji recognized the strengths of these systems and incorporated them into his own administration.

Differences from Mughal System:
- Shivaji's system of administration differed from the Mughal administrative system.
- While the Mughals had a centralized administrative structure, Shivaji's system was more decentralized and focused on local governance.

Ancient Indian Texts Influence:
- While Shivaji's system was primarily influenced by the Deccan states, it also drew inspiration from ancient Indian texts and scriptures.
- He incorporated principles of governance from these texts to create a system that was both efficient and rooted in Indian traditions.
In conclusion, Shivaji's system of administration was not entirely original but was borrowed and adapted from the administrative practices of the Deccan states, with influences from ancient Indian texts. This combination of influences helped Shivaji create an effective and unique administrative system for the Maratha Empire.

Annexation of Bijapur by Aurangzeb

Year of Annexation
- Aurangzeb annexed the state of Bijapur to the Mughal Empire in 1686.

Background
- Bijapur was one of the Deccan Sultanates located in the southern part of India.
- Aurangzeb, the Mughal emperor, aimed to expand his empire and consolidate his power in the Deccan region.

Reasons for Annexation
- Aurangzeb sought to extend Mughal control over the Deccan region to eliminate any potential threats from neighboring states.
- Bijapur was strategically important due to its wealth and resources, making it a valuable addition to the Mughal Empire.

Conquest of Bijapur
- Aurangzeb launched a military campaign against Bijapur in 1686, leading to the annexation of the state.
- The Mughal forces under Aurangzeb's command successfully defeated the Bijapur Sultanate, bringing it under Mughal control.

Impact
- The annexation of Bijapur strengthened Aurangzeb's hold over the Deccan region, further expanding the Mughal Empire.
- It also allowed Aurangzeb to exert greater influence and control over the political landscape of southern India.
In conclusion, Aurangzeb's annexation of Bijapur in 1686 played a significant role in the expansion of the Mughal Empire and the consolidation of power in the Deccan region.