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All questions of Population for BPSC (Bihar) Exam

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Which of the following is/are the stage(s) of demographic transition?
1. High death rate and birth rate, low growth rate.
2. Rapid decline in death rate, continued low birth rate, very low growth rate.
3. Rapid decline in birth rate, continued decline in death rate
4. Low death rate and birth rate, low growth rate.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
  • a)
    Only 1
  • b)
    1, 2 and 3
  • c)
    3 and 4
  • d)
    1 and 4
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Nilesh Patel answered
  • Demographic transition (DT) refers to the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country or region develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.
  • The theory was proposed in 1929 by the American demographer Warren Thompson, who observed changes, or transitions, in birth and death rates in industrialized societies over the previous 200 years.
  • Most developed countries have completed the demographic transition and have low birth rates; most developing countries are in the process of this transition.

A social institution called Dhumkuria belongs to which tribe?
  • a)
    Oraon
  • b)
    Ho
  • c)
    Gond
  • d)
    Kol
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Freedom Institute answered
A social institution called ‘Dhumkuria’ belongs to the Oraon tribe. It is an Adivasi Group inhabiting various states across central and eastern India.

Which one of the Indian state/union Territories is having lowest sex ratio in 2011?
  • a)
    Haryana
  • b)
    Daman and Diu
  • c)
    Punjab
  • d)
    Dadar and Nagar Haveli
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Subhankar Sen answered

Lowest Sex Ratio in 2011

Sex ratio is an important demographic indicator that shows the number of females per 1000 males in a population. In 2011, the lowest sex ratio in India was recorded in Daman and Diu.

Reasons for the low sex ratio in Daman and Diu:
- Social factors: Daman and Diu have a patriarchal society where the preference for male children is prevalent. This preference leads to sex-selective abortions and female infanticide, resulting in a skewed sex ratio.
- Economic factors: The economic conditions in Daman and Diu might contribute to the low sex ratio, as poverty and lack of resources can lead to neglect of female children.
- Migration: The migration of males for better job opportunities might also impact the sex ratio in Daman and Diu, as it can result in a higher male population compared to females.

Government initiatives to improve the sex ratio:
- The government of Daman and Diu has implemented various schemes and programs to address the issue of the low sex ratio. These initiatives focus on promoting the value of the girl child, providing education and healthcare facilities, and enforcing strict laws against sex-selective practices.

Conclusion:
The low sex ratio in Daman and Diu is a concerning issue that requires concerted efforts from the government and society to address. By promoting gender equality, ensuring access to education and healthcare for all, and enforcing laws against gender discrimination, the sex ratio in Daman and Diu can be improved in the future.

Which one of the following years is known as the ‘Year of the Great Divide’ with regard to population, after which there has been a continuous and rapid growth in India’s population?
  • a)
    1911
  • b)
    1921
  • c)
    1941
  • d)
    1951
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Mira Patel answered
The Year of the Great Divide: 1921

In India, the year 1921 is known as the 'Year of the Great Divide' with regard to population. It marks a significant turning point in the demographic history of the country, after which there has been a continuous and rapid growth in India's population. Let's explore the reasons behind this and the implications it had.

Reasons for the Great Divide:
- Decline in Mortality Rates: One of the key factors contributing to the population growth after 1921 was a significant decline in mortality rates. Improved medical facilities, advancements in healthcare, and better sanitation practices led to a decrease in the number of deaths.
- Control of Epidemics: The early 20th century witnessed the successful control of major epidemics like the bubonic plague and cholera. This further contributed to the decline in mortality rates and increased the overall life expectancy of the population.
- Improved Food Production: During this period, India witnessed advancements in agriculture, including the introduction of new farming techniques, irrigation systems, and the use of fertilizers. These developments led to increased food production, which in turn supported a larger population.
- Social and Economic Factors: The early 20th century also saw changes in social and economic conditions. There was a shift from traditional agrarian societies to a more industrialized economy. This transition created employment opportunities and improved living standards, which encouraged people to have more children.
- Decrease in Fertility Control: Another important factor contributing to the population growth was a decrease in fertility control. The decline in the practice of contraception and the cultural preference for larger families led to higher birth rates.

Implications of the Great Divide:
- Population Explosion: The continuous and rapid growth in India's population since 1921 has led to what is often referred to as a population explosion. The country's population has more than quadrupled over the past century, presenting numerous challenges in terms of resource management, infrastructure, and socio-economic development.
- Pressure on Resources: The increasing population puts immense pressure on resources such as land, water, and energy. This has led to issues like deforestation, water scarcity, and a strain on infrastructure and public services.
- Social and Economic Challenges: The high population growth rate poses challenges in providing basic amenities, healthcare, education, and employment opportunities to the growing population. It also leads to higher competition for limited resources and can exacerbate social inequalities.
- Environmental Impact: The population growth has had a significant impact on the environment, including increased pollution, loss of biodiversity, and the depletion of natural resources. This has implications for sustainable development and the need for effective environmental conservation measures.

In conclusion, the 'Year of the Great Divide' in India's population history is 1921. The decline in mortality rates, control of epidemics, improved food production, social and economic factors, and decreased fertility control were the key factors contributing to the continuous and rapid growth in India's population since then. This growth has presented various challenges related to resource management, infrastructure, and socio-economic development.

Which of the following are true of matrilineal societies?
1. Newly married couple stays with the woman’s parents.
2. As per the rules of inheritance, the property passes from mother to daughter.
3. Women play a dominant role in the family.
4. Examples of matrilineal societies are those of the Khasi and Jaintia tribes of Meghalaya.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
  • a)
    1, 2, 3 and 4
  • b)
    1 and 3
  • c)
    2 and 4
  • d)
    1, 2 and 4
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Freedom Institute answered
Matrilineal descent is a kinship system where a descent group traces its ancestral lineage via the maternal (uterine) side of the group. The property passes from mother to daughter. Women are dominant in the family. The examples of matrilineal societies are the Khasi and Jaintia tribes of Meghalaya.

As Per Census 2011, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of India is —
  • a)
    3.2
  • b)
    2.9
  • c)
    2.6
  • d)
    2.4
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Srsps answered
Total fertility rate is the number of children who would be born per woman (or per 1000 women) if she/they were to pass through the childbearing years. TFR of India is 2.4.

Which one of the following is the correct descending order of the three most populous states of India (2011)?
  • a)
    Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar
  • b)
    Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal
  • c)
    Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal
  • d)
    Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Freedom Institute answered
According to the State Census 2011, the most populated state in India is Uttar Pradesh with a population of 19.96 crores. Second comes Maharashtra with a population of 112,374,333 and thirdly Bihar having population 104,099,452.

When 0-14 and 15-44 age groups population of a country of a country is almost identical, the growth of population would be called—
  • a)
    Rapid growth
  • b)
    Slow growth
  • c)
    Zero growth
  • d)
    Negative growth
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Snehal Kumar answered
When the population of the 0-14 age group and the 15-44 age group in a country is almost identical, the growth of population is called zero growth. This means that the number of individuals entering the reproductive age group (15-44) is equal to the number of individuals leaving this age group due to aging.

Zero population growth occurs when the birth rate equals the death rate, resulting in no net increase in population size. This can happen when the fertility rate is low and there is a balance between births and deaths.

Let's understand this concept in more detail:

1. Definition of Zero Growth:
Zero population growth refers to a situation where the number of births in a population equals the number of deaths, resulting in no overall increase or decrease in population size. It indicates a stable population size over time.

2. Factors Contributing to Zero Growth:
a. Fertility Rate: When the fertility rate (average number of children born per woman) is at replacement level, which is around 2.1, the population remains stable. This means that each woman, on average, is having enough children to replace herself and her partner in the next generation.
b. Mortality Rate: Similarly, when the mortality rate is low and individuals are living longer, the number of deaths does not significantly impact population size.

3. Age Structure and Zero Growth:
The age structure of a population plays a crucial role in determining its growth rate. When the population has a similar proportion of individuals in the reproductive age group (15-44) as in the younger age group (0-14), it indicates a balance between births and deaths. This leads to zero population growth.

4. Implications of Zero Growth:
a. Economic Implications: Zero population growth can have economic implications as it affects the labor force and dependency ratio. With an equal number of births and deaths, there is limited growth in the labor force, which may impact productivity and economic development.
b. Social Implications: Zero growth can also have social implications, such as an aging population and potential strain on healthcare and social security systems.

In conclusion, when the 0-14 and 15-44 age groups of a country's population are almost identical, it signifies zero growth. This indicates a balance between births and deaths, resulting in a stable population size over time.

Consider the following statements:
1. As per census 2011, the population growth rate of Nagaland
during 2001–2011 was the lowest among the states of India.
2. As per census 2011, the population growth rate of Dadra and
Nagar Haveli was the highest among the states of
India/Union territory.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    2 only
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Arka Kaur answered

Population Growth Rate of Nagaland

- The statement that the population growth rate of Nagaland during 2001–2011 was the lowest among the states of India is correct.
- As per the 2011 Census, Nagaland recorded a population growth rate of 0.58% during the decade, which was the lowest in the country.
- This low growth rate can be attributed to various factors such as high literacy rates, better healthcare facilities, and effective family planning programs in the state.

Population Growth Rate of Dadra and Nagar Haveli

- The statement that the population growth rate of Dadra and Nagar Haveli was the highest among the states of India/Union territory is correct.
- Dadra and Nagar Haveli recorded a population growth rate of 55.5% during 2001–2011, which was the highest in the country.
- This high growth rate can be attributed to factors such as migration, high fertility rates, and lack of stringent family planning measures in the region.

Therefore, both statements are correct, with Nagaland having the lowest population growth rate and Dadra and Nagar Haveli having the highest population growth rate during the specified period.

The rapid growth phase of Indian population was lying between which of the following time periods?
  • a)
    1901 – 1921
  • b)
    1921 – 1951
  • c)
    1951 – 1981
  • d)
    1981 – 2001
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Aarya Sharma answered
The correct answer is option 'C' - 1951 to 1981.

Explanation:

The rapid growth phase of Indian population refers to the period when the population of India experienced a significant increase at a fast pace. This growth phase can be attributed to various factors such as improvements in healthcare, reduction in mortality rates, and better living conditions.

Here is a detailed explanation of each time period mentioned in the options:

a) 1901 - 1921:
During this period, India was under British rule, and the population growth rate was relatively slow. The growth rate was affected by various factors such as famines, epidemics, and poor healthcare facilities.

b) 1921 - 1951:
This period witnessed a gradual increase in population, but the growth rate was still not very high. The country was going through significant political and social changes, including the struggle for independence from British rule.

c) 1951 - 1981:
This was the period of rapid population growth in India. Several factors contributed to this growth phase. Firstly, there were advancements in medical science and healthcare facilities, leading to a significant decline in mortality rates. This resulted in a higher number of people surviving and reaching reproductive age. Additionally, there were improvements in living conditions, access to education, and better employment opportunities. This led to an increase in the average life expectancy and higher fertility rates.

d) 1981 - 2001:
While the population growth rate remained high during this period, it started to show signs of stabilization. The government implemented various family planning programs and awareness campaigns to control population growth. The focus shifted towards population control measures and creating awareness about the benefits of smaller families.

Overall, the rapid growth phase of the Indian population occurred between 1951 and 1981, during which the population of the country experienced a significant increase due to improvements in healthcare, living conditions, and other socio-economic factors.

Which among the following was used as the motto for Census of India 2011?
  • a)
    Our Future, Our Country
  • b)
    Our Country, Our Census
  • c)
    People of India, Our Census
  • d)
    Our Census, Our Future
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Mehul Saini answered

Our Census, Our Future

The motto for Census of India 2011 was "Our Census, Our Future". This motto emphasizes the importance of the census in shaping the future of the country. Let's break down the significance of this motto:

Importance of the Census:
- The census provides crucial data on the population, demographics, and socio-economic characteristics of the country.
- This data is used for planning and policy-making in various sectors such as health, education, infrastructure, and social welfare.

Ownership and Participation:
- By stating "Our Census", the motto instills a sense of ownership and responsibility among the people towards the census.
- It encourages active participation in the census process, as the data collected directly impacts the future of the nation.

Looking towards the Future:
- The inclusion of "Our Future" in the motto highlights the forward-looking approach of the census.
- It signifies that the data collected will not only reflect the present state of the country but also guide future development and growth.

Community Engagement:
- The motto "Our Census, Our Future" aims to engage communities at all levels in the census process.
- It stresses the collective responsibility of every individual towards ensuring an accurate and comprehensive census.

In conclusion, the motto "Our Census, Our Future" encapsulates the essence of the census as a tool for shaping the future of the nation and underscores the importance of active participation and ownership by the people.

Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given:
Assertion (A): China is the second most populous country of the world.
Reason (R): Its density of population is much lower than that of India.
Codes:
  • a)
    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • b)
    Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • c)
    A is true, but R is false.
  • d)
    A is false, but R is true.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjana Dey answered
Assertion (A): China is the second most populous country of the world.
- This statement is true. As of the latest data, India holds the title of the most populous country, while China ranks second.
Reason (R): Its density of population is much lower than that of India.
- This statement is also true. Population density is calculated as the number of people per unit area. While China has a massive population, its land area is also vast, leading to a lower population density compared to India, which has a higher number of people living in a smaller area.
Analysis of Options:
- Option a: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
- This is not entirely accurate because while both statements are true, R does not explain A. The population rank is based on total numbers, not density.
- Option b: Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- This is the correct choice. A is about the population ranking, while R discusses density, which is a different aspect.
- Option c: A is true, but R is false.
- This is incorrect since both A and R are true.
- Option d: A is false, but R is true.
- This is incorrect as A is true.
Conclusion:
- The correct answer is Option B because both statements are true independently, but the reason does not explain the assertion regarding population ranking.

Why South-East Asia has the largest concentration of peasant population at the global scale?
  • a)
    The area is dominated by shifting cultivation due to favourable terrain character
  • b)
    Intensive subsistence farming is practised in the region
  • c)
    The region has favourable and healthier climate
  • d)
    The area has a large forested area which is cleared for cultivation of various crops
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Meera Singh answered
  • The term, ‘intensive subsistence agriculture’ is used to describe a type of agriculture characterised by high output per unit of land and relatively low output per worker.
  • Sometimes it is also known as ‘monsoon type of agriculture’. It is found in China, Japan, Korea, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, the greater part of continental South- East Asia. This is why the largest population of peasants is found in this area.

Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Assertion (A): The growth rate of population in developing
countries is higher than that of developed
countries.
Reason (R): Low level of economic development leads to high
total fertility rate.
Codes:
  • a)
    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • b)
    Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • c)
    A is true, but R is false.
  • d)
    A is false, but R is true.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sanjay Rana answered
Growth rate of population in developing countries is higher than that of developed countries because low level of economic developments leads to high total fertility rate. In the developed countries the annual number of births barely exceeds deaths because of low birth rates and much older populations.

Which factors influence the density distribution of population in India most profoundly?
1. Amount of rainfall
2. Fertility of soils
3. Distribution of minerals
4. Cultural factors
  • a)
    1 and 4
  • b)
    2 and 4
  • c)
    1 and 2
  • d)
    1 and 3
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Bhavya Bajaj answered
The correct answer is option 'C' - 1 and 2. The factors that influence the density distribution of population in India most profoundly are the amount of rainfall and the fertility of soils. Let's delve into the details:

1. Amount of rainfall:
- Rainfall is a critical factor that determines the availability of water for agriculture, which is the primary occupation for a large portion of the Indian population.
- Regions with adequate rainfall are more suitable for agriculture, leading to higher population density as people settle in these areas to cultivate crops.
- In contrast, areas with low rainfall face water scarcity and are less suitable for agriculture, resulting in lower population density.

2. Fertility of soils:
- Fertile soils play a crucial role in determining the agricultural productivity of a region.
- Areas with fertile soils provide better conditions for crop growth and higher yields, attracting agricultural activities and settlements.
- The fertility of soils is influenced by factors such as the presence of organic matter, nutrient content, and soil composition, which vary across different regions of India.
- Regions with highly fertile soils tend to have higher population density as they offer better agricultural opportunities.

Other factors mentioned in the options, such as the distribution of minerals and cultural factors, do have some influence on the density distribution of population in India but not as profoundly as rainfall and soil fertility.

3. Distribution of minerals:
- The distribution of minerals has an impact on economic activities and industrial development in specific regions.
- However, mineral-rich areas may not necessarily have a high population density as mineral extraction activities often require fewer workers compared to agriculture.
- Moreover, mineral-rich areas may face challenges in terms of accessibility, infrastructure, and environmental concerns, limiting their potential for settlement and population growth.

4. Cultural factors:
- Cultural factors, such as language, religion, and traditions, can influence the settlement patterns and distribution of population to some extent.
- However, cultural factors alone are not the most significant determinants of population density.
- Cultural factors may play a role in shaping regional preferences for settlement but are secondary to environmental factors like rainfall and soil fertility.

In conclusion, while factors like the distribution of minerals and cultural factors do have some influence on the density distribution of population in India, the amount of rainfall and the fertility of soils are the most profound factors. These environmental factors directly affect agricultural productivity and determine the suitability of regions for settlement and agriculture, thereby playing a crucial role in shaping population distribution in the country.

‘Population dividend’ refers to
  • a)
    total number of population
  • b)
    youthful age structure of a population
  • c)
    relatively high proportion of experienced aged people
  • d)
    migration from richer region to poorer region
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sai Joshi answered
Understanding 'Population Dividend'
The term 'population dividend' refers to the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population's age structure. Specifically, it highlights the advantages of having a youthful age structure.
Youthful Age Structure
- A youthful population implies that a larger percentage of individuals are in the working-age group (typically ages 15-64).
- This demographic profile can lead to increased productivity and economic output, as there are more people available to work and contribute to the economy.
Economic Benefits
- With a higher proportion of working-age individuals, countries can experience rapid economic growth due to increased labor supply.
- More workers mean more innovation, greater consumption, and higher tax revenues, which can facilitate investments in infrastructure and social services.
Social Implications
- A youthful population can also lead to enhanced social dynamics, encouraging creativity, entrepreneurship, and social mobility.
- However, it is crucial that there are adequate resources, such as education and healthcare, to support this population and harness its potential.
Challenges
- While the population dividend presents opportunities, it also poses challenges. Countries must ensure that there are sufficient jobs and social support systems to prevent youth unemployment and social unrest.
- If not managed well, this demographic advantage can turn into a demographic burden, leading to issues like increased unemployment and underutilization of the workforce.
In summary, option 'B' accurately describes 'population dividend' as it emphasizes the benefits of a youthful age structure, showcasing its potential to significantly impact economic growth and development when properly harnessed.

Match the following
Codes:
  • a)
    a
  • b)
    b
  • c)
    c
  • d)
    d
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Srsps answered
  • Reang or Riang are one of the 21 scheduled tribes of the Indian state of Tripura. The correct nomenclature for this ethnic group is actually Bru although the name reang was accidentally incorporated by the Indian government during a census count.
  • The Dimasa people are a group of people inhabiting Assam states in North eastern India. Dimasa mythology says that they are the children of Bangla Raja (Earthquake God) and the great divine bird Arikhidima.
  • The Konyak are a Naga people, and are recognised among other Naga by their tattoos, which they have all over their face and hands; facial tattoos were earned for taking an enemy’s head. They are called the land of Angh’s. They have the largest population among the Nagas.
  • The Mishmi or Deng people of Tibet and Arunachal Pradesh are an ethnic group comprising mainly three tribes: Idu Mishmi; Digaro tribe, and Miju Mishmi.

As per 2011 census data, the sex ratio is
  • a)
    943
  • b)
    940
  • c)
    925
  • d)
    920
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Srsps answered
In 2011 the sex ratio was 943 and showed an upward trend from previous data of 933 females per thousand males.

On which one among the following islands, does the Negrito tribe called ‘the Onge’ live?
  • a)
    North Andaman
  • b)
    Little Andaman
  • c)
    Little Nicobar
  • d)
    Great Nicobar
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Srsps answered
The Onges, a negrito tribe, inhabit the Little Andaman Island in Andaman District. The Onges are pure hunter- gatherers. They are not aware of agriculture

Match the following
Codes:
  • a)
    a
  • b)
    b
  • c)
    c
  • d)
    d
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Srsps answered
1. The Apatani - are a tribal group of people living in the Ziro valley in the Lower Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh.
2. Bhutia people live particularly in Sikkim.
3. Gond people are a Dravidian people of central India spread over the states of Madhya Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra (Vidarbha), Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh,
Telangana and Western Odisha.
4. The Meetei people are an ethnic group of Kangleipak (Manipur).

Consider the following specific stages of demographic transition associated with economic development:
1. Low birth rate with low death rate.
2. High birth rate with high death rate.
3. High birth rate with low death rate.
Select the correct order of the above stages using the codes given below:
Codes:
  • a)
    1, 2, 3
  • b)
    2, 1, 3
  • c)
    2, 3, 1
  • d)
    3, 2, 1
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Srsps answered
In general, impact of economic growth in an economy on the population will show following behaviour, High rate of birth and High rate of deaths - Low population growth (under- developed), High rate of birth and Low rate of deaths - High population growth (developing), Low rate of birth and Low rate of deaths - Low population growth (developed)

Directions :
In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labeled as P, Q, R, and S. You are required to find the proper sequence of the four sentences and mark your response accordingly on the Answer Sheet.

S1: India’s museums tend to be dreary experiences.
S6: Because it’s better to attract crowds than dust.
P: Even the Louvre that attracted an eye-popping 8.1 million visitors last year compared to India’s 10.18 million foreign tourists, has hooked up with Beyonce and Jay-Z for promotion, where they take a selfie with Mona Lisa.
Q: Our museums need to get cool too.
R: A change of approach is clearly called for.
S: Troops of restless schoolchildren are often the most frequent visitors, endlessly being told to lower their voices and not touch the art.
The correct sequence should be
  • a)
    P Q R S
  • b)
    P R S Q
  • c)
    S R P Q
  • d)
    Q S R P
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Akshita Kulkarni answered
Is known for its rich cultural heritage and diversity.
P: It is a land that is home to various religions, languages, and traditions.
Q: This diversity is reflected in the various festivals and celebrations that take place throughout the year.
R: These festivals are not only a time of joy and merriment but also an opportunity to strengthen the bond between communities.
S: Diwali, Holi, Eid, Christmas, and Pongal are some of the major festivals celebrated in India.
S6: They bring people together, irrespective of their differences, and promote unity and harmony.
The proper sequence is:
S1: India is known for its rich cultural heritage and diversity.
P: It is a land that is home to various religions, languages, and traditions.
Q: This diversity is reflected in the various festivals and celebrations that take place throughout the year.
R: These festivals are not only a time of joy and merriment but also an opportunity to strengthen the bond between communities.
S: Diwali, Holi, Eid, Christmas, and Pongal are some of the major festivals celebrated in India.
S6: They bring people together, irrespective of their differences, and promote unity and harmony.

  • a)
    a
  • b)
    b
  • c)
    c
  • d)
    d
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Srsps answered

The demographic transition model was propounded by
  • a)
    J. Clarke
  • b)
    F.W. Notestein
  • c)
    G.T. Trewartha
  • d)
    J.J. Spengler
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rahul Desai answered
  • The demographic transition model was propounded by F.W. Notestion.
  • Frank Wallace Notestein (August 16, 1902 – February 19, 1983) was an American demographer who contributed significantly to the development of science.
  • He was the founding director of the Office of Population Research at Princeton University, and later president of the Population Council. He was also the first director of the Population Division of the United Nations, 1946–1948.

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Codes:
  • a)
    a
  • b)
    b
  • c)
    c
  • d)
    d
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Freedom Institute answered
  • The Lepchas are the aboriginal inhabitants of Sikkim and they are mostly settled in North Sikkim. They are mostly Buddhist but many of them have now adopted Christianity. The lepcha folklore is melodious and contains lots of interesting folk stories.
  • The Mal Paharia people are a tribal people of Jharkhand. Paharia Mal or Mal Paharia is listed as a Scheduled Tribe by the Government of Jharkhand. As per 2001 census, the Mal Paharias number is around 115,093 in Jharkhand.
  • Gond tribes spread in MP Chhattisgarh.
  • Bhils tribes of India are the largest tribe of South Asia. They are commonly found in the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat.

The continents with the highest and the lowest density of population are respectively
  • a)
    Europe and Africa
  • b)
    Africa and Asia
  • c)
    Asia and Oceania
  • d)
    Europe and Oceania
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Dhruv Yadav answered
Continents with the highest and lowest population density

Introduction:
Population density refers to the number of individuals per unit area or volume. It is a measure of how crowded or sparsely populated a specific area is. In the context of continents, population density provides an understanding of the distribution and concentration of people.

Continent with the highest population density - Asia:
- Asia, being the largest continent in terms of land area, also has the highest population density.
- With a population of over 4.6 billion people, Asia is home to approximately 60% of the global population.
- Countries like China and India, which have the highest populations in the world, are located in Asia.
- The high population density in Asia can be attributed to factors such as rapid urbanization, industrialization, and high birth rates.

Continent with the lowest population density - Oceania:
- Oceania, which includes countries like Australia, New Zealand, and several Pacific island nations, has the lowest population density among the continents.
- Oceania has a relatively small population compared to its vast land area.
- The majority of Oceania's land is made up of remote islands and uninhabited regions, leading to low population density.
- Australia, the largest country in Oceania, has a significant portion of its landmass as arid or semi-arid, making it sparsely populated.
- Additionally, the small populations of Pacific island nations contribute to the overall low population density in Oceania.

Comparison:
- Asia has the highest population density due to its large population and relatively smaller land area compared to other continents.
- Oceania has the lowest population density due to its vast land area, remote islands, and small populations in the Pacific island nations.

Conclusion:
Understanding the population density of continents provides insights into the distribution and concentration of people across the world. Asia, with its large population and relatively smaller land area, has the highest population density. On the other hand, Oceania, with its vast land area, remote islands, and small populations, has the lowest population density among the continents.

Directions :
In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labeled as P, Q, R, and S. You are required to find the proper sequence of the four sentences and mark your response accordingly on the Answer Sheet.
S1: The dawn of the information age opened up great opportunities for the beneficial use of data.
S6: To some, in this era of Big Data analytics and automated, algorithm-based processing of zettabytes of information, the fear that their personal data may be unprotected may conjure up visions of a dystopian world in which individual liberties are compromised.
P: But it is the conflict between the massive scope for progress provided by the digital era and the fear of loss of individual autonomy that is foregrounded in any debates about data protection laws.
Q: It also enhanced the perils of unregulated and arbitrary use of personal data.
R: It is against this backdrop that the White Paper made public to elicit views from the public on the shape and substance of a comprehensive data protection law assumes significances.
S: Unauthorised leaks, hacking, and other cyber crimes have rendered databases vulnerable.
The correct sequence should be
  • a)
    S Q R P
  • b)
    Q P R S
  • c)
    S R P Q ​
  • d)
    Q S P R
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Chapter doubts & questions for Population - Geography for State PSC Exams 2025 is part of BPSC (Bihar) exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the BPSC (Bihar) exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for BPSC (Bihar) 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.

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